KSTPS{KOTA SUPER THERMAL POWER STAION }.pptx

Kota super thermal industrial training presentation

1. A presentation on KSTPS Industrial Training Submitted to: Submitted by: Mr. SUMIT TRIPATHI ROHIT KUMAR DHAKAR (Electrical Department Roll no.= 23EUCEE096 RTU, Kota)

2. KSTPS KOTA SUPER THERMAL POWER STAION The Kota power station began operating in 1983. It was Rajasthan's first major coal-fired power plant. The power station burns bituminous coal from the SECL coal mine (Korba, Chhattisgarh) & NCL coal mine (Singrauli). The plant has a total installed capacity of 1240 MW , comprising 7 units with varying capacity .

3. POWER GENERATION UNITS

4. Site selection Availability of clean water from Chambal river Located at 3 km from J aipur - K ota highway Availability of large load nearby Transportation network of railway line Transmission and grid substation are nearer to the site Extended land availability

5. LAYOUT OF PLANT

6. COMPONENTS Coal handling plant Boiler Super heater Turbine Economizer Air preheater Generator Water treatment plant Ash handling plant Transformer Environmental management

7. Coal Handling Plant The primary source for the functioning of the plant is the coal (the fuel) This coal is transported via trains from nearby coal mines , 6-7 train delivering coal each day KSTPS requires approx. 18000 metric tonnes of coal per day The main source of coal SECL(south eastern coalfield ltd.) NCL(northern coalfield ltd.) Each train carrying around 58 wagons Wagons are unloaded by means of wagon trippler

8. Wagon Trippler Unload coal from the wagon to hopper with the help of wagon tippler Hopper allows the coal pieces of size 200mm Through hopper the coal transferred to vibrator supported by rotor

9. Crushing System Crusher house It consists of crushers which crush the coal in 20mm fine pieces . By crushing the coal the it is easy to burn it completely Types of crusher Primary Secondary Roll crusher Free size: 1200mm Product: 500mm Rotary breaker Free size: 500mm Product: 0-200mm Ring granulator It implies a combination of impact, shearing, and compression

10. CRUSHER

11. Conveyer system Conveyer belt are used to convey coal from coal handling plant to the furnace Specification of conveyer belt : No. of conveyer 38 Belt width 1400 mm Speed 2.2 m/s Capacity 1350 or 750 tonns per hour

12. Boiler Boilers are closed vessels designed to convert water into high-pressure steam using heat energy produced by burning fuel (coal). This is made to utilize maximum amount of heat from the coal This heat is transferred to the boiler by all three modes of heat transfer i.e., conduction, Convection and radiation.

13. Boiler structure Boilers in power plant systems play a critical role in generating steam, which drives turbines to produce electricity

14. Types of boilers used Fire Tube Boiler Water Tube Boiler the flue gases flows in tubes and water is in outside volume . Used for large pressure boilers. the water flows in tubes and fire is outside . Economical for low pressure only

15. Super Heater A super heater removes the last trace of moisture from the saturated steam by increasing its temperature above the situation tem It uses the heat of flue gases to heat the steam above the temperature of saturation It is  used to increase the overall efficiency of a thermal power plant.

16. Steam Turbine A steam turbine is a type of prime mover that converts available high-pressure steam into mechanical power in the form of rotary motion . The dynamic action of steam expanded by the nozzle is essential to the functioning of steam turbines. 

17. The  Rankine cycle is an idealised thermodynamic cycle of a heat engine that transforms heat into mechanical work during a phase transition .

18. Economizer The economizer is a bunch of horizontal water tubes usually located after the primary super heaters . The flue gases coming out from boilers carry lots of heat. An economizer extracts the part of this heat from the flue gases I t uses it for heating the feed water before it enter into the steam drum. The use of economizer results in saving fuel consumption and higher boilers efficiency but it needs extra investments.

19. Air Preheater Air preheater is one of the most important accessories in modern boilers . The main function of the air preheater is to preheat the air which means the temperature of the input air is increased . The air preheating process is done with the help of hot flue gases. This preheating process of air is done before it enters the  furnace.

20. Turbine Turbine, used to rotate the synchronous alternator, is a device, which converts steam energy to rotational kinetic energy. The turbines can be classified on the basis of steam flow direction, expansion process, number of stages, speed, etc. The potential energy in steam due to pressure and internal energy is converted to kinetic energy when passing through the nozzles. It converts the potential and kinetic energy of the working steam into mechanical power by the vertue of dynamic action of the steam.

21. G ENERATOR It  is a device that converts mechanical energy into AC electrical energy. For generating the electricity, high-speed synchronous generators are used because the efficiency of steam turbines is high at high speed . The generator is driven by directly coupled steam turbines at the speed of 3000 RPM They are designed to operate continuously for desired and rated output.

22. Cooling plant In KSTPS, Hydrogen cooling syste m is used for generator cooling.  hydrogen is an effective cooling medium for turbine generators due to its excellent heat transfer properties, non-corrosive nature, and ability to help maintain consistent operating temperatures . Hydrogen is used because : Elimination of fire risk (Not support combustion) Lower density of hydrogen Reduces the windage losses at higher speed machines

23. Water treatment plant Proper water treatment is essential to ensure optimal boiler performance, prevent scaling, and reduce operational costs . The source of water for power station is reservoir formed by Kota Barraj on the Chambal river. Water used by plant contains a lot of impurities and is discharged . There is different chambers for removal of different types of impurities

24. Those impurities are removed in stages at water treatment systems to improve water quality to an acceptable level .

25. Impurities Dissolved Minerals (Hardness) : (Calcium (Ca²⁺) and Magnesium (Mg²⁺) ions). Cause scaling on boiler tubes and heat exchangers. Suspended Solids : ( Dirt,clay, biological materials) . Can cause clogging, erosion, and reduce heat transfer. Microorganisms and Organic Matter : Bacteria , algae, biofilms . Cause biofouling in cooling towers and heat exchangers. Iron, Manganese, and Other Metals Can lead to staining, deposits, and corrosion . Acidic or alkaline water can accelerate corrosion.

26. Ash handling plant Combustion of coal in the boiler produces ash. Two types of ash are generated: Bottom Ash (20%): Heavier particles that fall to the bottom of the boiler furnace. Fly Ash (80%): Fine ash carried by flue gases to the electrostatic precipitators (ESP ). There are various methods of utilisation of coal ash, along with established engineering technology. Some of them are mentioned below. First , manufacturing building materials, second , main making of concrete third manufacturing of pause Luna. Cement and fourth road construction.

27. Transformer Transformer is static device which is used to exchange the voltage level keeping the power and frequency same. Transformer is one of the most important equipment in the whole plant there are transformers installed it various places to operate the auxiliaries M ain transformer which are necessary to step up generated voltage to supply power to the auxiliary from the generator to start the plant by taking the supply from grid in transformer yard

28. Thank you