LACUNAR SYNDROME BY DR. VISHAL SAGAR BPT ,COMT

LEARN ABOUT LACUNAR SYNDROME

1. LACUNAR SYNDROME
DR. VISHAL SAGAR

2. INTRODUCTION
LACUNAR SYNDROME are clinical mainfestationsof lacunar
stroke [infarctions.]
Lacunar strokes are caused by small vessel disease deep in the
cerebral white matter (penetrating artery disease).
Lacunar infarctions are defined as small subcortical lesions with a
size of less than 15 mm in diameter caused by occlusion of a
penetrating artery from a large cerebral artery, most commonly
from the Circle of Willis.

3. Conti…
Lacuna usually describe a small chronic cavity that
represents the healed phase of lacunar infarction
According to national institute of health lacunar strokes
represents about one fifth of all strokes

4. ETIOLOGY
Lipohyalinosis concentric hyaline thickening of
the cerebral small vessel
leading to occlusion of small
peneteratingarteries
Microatheroma

5. Conti…
People with underlying health conditions
Some chronic health problems can cause a lacunar infarct as a complication,
including:
chronic high blood pressure
heart disorders
diabetes
atherosclerosis, which causes plaque to develop on the walls of your arteries
peripheral artery disease, which can lead to narrowed blood vessels
high levels of an amino acid called homocysteinethat usually suggests a vitamin B-12
or folate deficiency
a history of transient ischemic attacks, or ministrokes

7. CLASSIFICATIONS
Pure motor involvement of posterior limb of internal capsule, pons,
pyramids
Pure sensory involvement of the ventrolateral thalamus
Dysarthria/ involving base of pons, genu of anterior limb or internal capsule
clumsy hand
Ataxic hemiparesis involving pons, genu of internal capsule, corona
radiata
Sensory/motor involving junction of internal cpsuleand thalamus

8. Conti…
Dystonia /involuntary movements
choreoathetosis with lacunar infarction of the putamen or
globuspallidus; hemiballismus with involvement of the
subthalamic nucleus

9. SYMPTOMS
slurred speech
inability to raise one arm
drooping on one side of the face
numbness, often on only one side of the body
difficulty walking or moving your arms
confusion
memory problems
difficulty speaking or understanding spoken language
headache
loss of consciousness or coma