laser light security system using camera

laser light security system

1. TITLE OF THE PROJECT
Laser Security System
INTRODUCTION TO
ENGINEERING REPORT
Submitted by
V. HARSHA VARDHAN 22527
S. MOHAN KRISHNA 23226
CH. AVINASH REDDY 23033
S. MADIHA SULTANA 22986
R. THANMAYEE 23262
S.P . GOWTHAMI 22724
FRESHMAN ENGINEERING

2. VEL TECH RANGARAJAN DR.SAGUNTHALA R&D
INSTITUTE OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DECEMBER 2022
VEL TECH RANGARAJAN DR.SAGUNTHALA R&D
INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
CHENNAI 600 062
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certifiedthatthisproject“LaserSecuritySystem”
isthebonafideworkofV.HARSHAVARDHAN(22527)
whocarriedoutthisprojectworkundermysupervision.
SIGNATURE
HOD
SIGNATURE
PROJECT COORDINATOR
Faculty name:Mr.K.THANIGAIVEL
Designation: Assistant professor
Department: EEE
The Examination is held on
EXAMINER 1 EXAMINER 2

3. 1.AGRICULTURE
2.PUBLICSAFETY
3.WASTETOWEALTH
4.ENERGYCONSERVATION
5.ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION
6.ROBOTICS
7.INFRASTRUCTURE
8.TRANSPORTATION
9.BIOENGINEERING
10.RENEWABLEENERGY
List of themes

4. TABLEOFCONTENTS
CHAPTERNO.TITLE
LIST OF FIGURES v
LIST OF
ABBREVIATIONS
v
1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 EXISTING SYSTEM 2
3
PROBLEM
IDENTIFICATION
3
4 PROPOSED SYSTEM 4
5 BLOCK DIAGRAM 5
6 CIRCUIT DESIGN 6
7
MATERIALS AND
METHODS
7
8 WORKING 10
9
HARDWARE
DISSCUSSION
11
10
ADVANTAGES AND
LIMITATIONS
12
11 CONCLUSION 14
12 REFERENCE 15
13 LITERATURE SURVEY 16
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO TITLE
PAGE NO

5. 1. Block Diagram
2. Circuit Design
3. Laser Pointer
4. Light Dependent Resistor
5.
NE555
6.
LM358
7. Hardware Discussion
8. ESP-32 CAMERA
SYMBOLS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ABBREVIATIONS
1.LDRLightDependentResistor
2.NPNNegative,Positive,Negative

6. INTRODUCTION
LaserSecuritySystemisvery
usefulinhighcommandsecurityplace.Inahighsecured
placewherenobodyisallowedtoenterwecaninstallit.
Theseareeasytoinstallandworkatbothwithinaswellas
outsidehouses.Theseareveryeffectiveperimeteralarm
systemsaroundproperties.Inindoorsystemscanutilize
thenormalpoweroutletsandjacksmakingthem
inconspicuous.Atoutsidethesecanbeeasilybehidden
behindthebushesorplantswithoutcausinganydamage.
Theyconsumelesspowerwhencomparedtothelaser
systemasthewhole,whichisexpensive.Theselaser
systemscanbeinstalledinhomeseitherbyselforby
hiringatechnicalperson.Bytechnologicalinnovations
costofthesecuritysystemshasbeencuttoalargeextent.
So,makinglasersystemsoneamongaffordablesecurity
systemoptionscanbeverysafe.Ithasabilitytowork
continuously;itisnotonlyhumanbutalsoasmallanimal
oranyothermovableobjects.ItsalarmingSounddoesnot
stopuntilanybodystopsitafterchecking.Nowwecanuse
thissysteminawiderangeofarea.
CHAPTER I

7. CHAPTER II
EXISTING SYSTEM
LaserbasedSecurity
Systemisatypeofsecurityandalarmsystemthat
useslaserlightandalightsensor.Asecuritysystem
protectsourhomes,offices,banks,lockersetc.from
intrusionandunauthorisedaccess.Therearedifferent
typesofsecuritysystemsavailableandlaserbased
securitysystemisanimportantandefficienttype.A
Lasersecuritysystemcanactsasastandalonesystem,
whichmakessomesoundornoisewhenitdetectsany
irregularactivity,orcanbepartofamuchbigger
securityandhomeautomationsystem,whichcansend
messages,calltheowneretc.Inthisproject,wehave
designedasimpleDIYlasedbasedsecuritysystem,
whichactsasatripwirelikesecuritysystemand
triggersanalarmwhenthelaserininterrupted.

8. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
The problems we identified in this project are.
1.Tosupplyrequiredvoltage.
2.Inlaserpointerthewavelengthofthelaseroutput.
Solutions that we identified:
1.UsingVoltageRegulator.
2.Inlaserpointerthewavelengthis630nmto
680nm.
CHAPTERIII

9. PROPOSED SYSTEM
LaserbasedSecuritySystemisatypeof
securityandalarmsystemthatuseslaserlightandalight
sensor.Asecuritysystemprotectsourhomes,offices,banks,
lockersetc.fromintrusionandunauthorisedaccess.Thereare
differenttypesofsecuritysystemsavailableandlaserbased
securitysystemisanimportantandefficienttype.ALaser
securitysystemcanactsasastandalonesystem,whichmakes
somesoundornoisewhenitdetectsanyirregularactivity,or
canbepartofamuchbiggersecurityandhomeautomation
system,whichcansendmessages,calltheowneretc.Inthis
project,wehavedesignedasimpleDIYlasedbasedsecurity
system,whichactsasatripwirelikesecuritysystemand
triggersanalarmwhenthelaserininterrupted.
CHAPTER IV

10. BLOCK DIAGRAM
CHAPTER V

11. CIRCUITDESIGN
CHAPTERVI

12. CHAPTERVII
MATERIALS
1.LDR
2.SmallBuzzer
3.PushButton
4 . Laser Pointer 5.9V Battery
6.ConnectingWires
7.Breadboard(Prototypingboard)
8.LM358(Op-AmpIC)
9.NE555(TimerIC)
10.BC547(NPNTransistor)
11.100nFCapacitor(CeramicDisc
TypeCapacitor-Code104)
12.3x10KQResistors(1/4Watt)
13.220QResistors(1/4Watt)
14.10KQPotentiometer
15.ESP-32CAMERA

13. COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
LaserPointer
LaserPointeractsasthemainsourceoflightinthisproject.Wehaveusedasmalllaser
pointerwithanoutputpoweroflessthan1mW.Thelaserpointeremitsredlightandthe
wavelengthofthelaseroutputisbetween630nmto680nm.
LDR(LightDependentResistor)
TheLDRactsasalightsensorinthisproject.Astheintensityofthelightfallingonthe
LDRincreases,theresistanceoftheLDRdecreasesandvice-versa.TheLDRisusedin
combinationwiththelasertoformthelightsensorandsource.

14. NE555(IC555)
IC555isaprecisiontimingICthatprovides
timedelaysoroscillations.555TimerIChas
threemodesofoperation:Astable,Monostable
andBi-stable.Inthisproject,wearegoingtouse
theIC555inBi-stablemode.
LM358(OP-Amp)
LM358isadualOperationalAmplifierICandit
iscapableofoperatinginalltheconventional
operationalamplifiercircuits.Inthisproject,the
LM358isusedasaComparator.

15. CHAPTER VIII
WORKING
ThiscircuitisbasedonLDR(LightDepended
Resistor),avariableresistorinwhichtheresistancevariesaccordingtothe
lightintensityfallingonit.TheLDRandresistorRIformsapotential
dividernetwork,whichisthemainpartofoursecurityalarmcircuit.The
voltagedropacrosstheLDRisusedtodrivethetransistorswitch.When
thevoltagedropisabovecutinvoltage(0.6V),thetransistoristurned
ON.LDRhaslowresistance(ms2range)inthepresenceoflightandhigh
resistance(M.2range)intheabsenceoflight.Wehavealreadydiscussed
abouthowtransistoractsasaswitch,thesameprincipleisusedhere.
Lightfromothersourcesshouldnotbeallowedtofallonaboxwitha
singleholeopassLASER.ThistheresistanceofferedbyLDRistoolow,
sincetheLASERlightiscontinuouslyallowedtofallontheLDRsurface.
ThusthevoltagedropacrosstheLDRisalsolow[V-IR(Ohm'slaw)]
whichisinsufficienttoturnONthetransistor,sothetransistorremainsin
OFFstate.Whenaperson(EGthief)makesablocktothecontinuous
flowofLASERbeam,thenthelightfallingontheLDRgetsblocked.
ThusitsresistanceincreasestoahighvalueintheorderofM2range
(AccordingtoOhm'slawV-IR).Whileresistanceincreasesthevoltage
dropalsoincreaseswhenthisvoltagedropexceedsthecutinvoltageof
thesiliconNPNtransistor(2N7000),itwillturnON.Thencurrentfrom
VCCstartsflowingtogroundviathebuzzerandtransistor,whichmakes
thebeepsound.Thebeepsoundfromthesecurityalarmgivesthe
indicationofsomesecurityfailures.

16. CHAPTER IX
HARDWARE DISCUSSION

17. CHAPTER X
ADVANTAGES
■ Toprotecthomeand
industry.
■Easytoconstruct,partsof
thecircuitareeasilyavailable.
■Itreducedtheman'seffort.
■Accuracyofthiscircuitis
morethanaccuracyofother
circuits.
■Thecostofcircuitislow.
■Theyneedverysmallpower
andvoltageforitsoperation.
■Twooperationalamplifiers
arecompensatedinternally.

18. DISADVANTAGE S
■Highly inaccurate with a response time of
about tens or hundreds of milliseconds.
■ Unnecessarydisturbancesmayoccur
whileusingintheapartments
■It is difficult to work with this equipment
if there are no sufficient lightning
conditions.
APPLICATIONS
■Usedforhomesecurity.
■Usedinthebanksasaburglaralarm.
■Itanbeusedinjailtopreventprisonbreak
■
Usedasautomaticindicator.

19. CHAPTER XI
CONCLUSION
Intheend,wemadethe
lasersecurityinlowbudget.Ithadbeenprotect
infullsecurity.Lasersecuritysystemsareahigh
techtechnologythatusedtobeapartofhome
securityonlyavailabletothewealthy.Itis
manuallyswitchdependentsensorsandabasic
alarmunit.Lasersecuritysystemaperson
movesinfrontofthemotionsensor,that
person’sbodyheattriggersthesystem’salarm.
Andthealarmsignalsthesecuritymonitoring
companyandlocallawenforcement.Thebasic
alarmunitwillalsosoundaloudalarm.

20. CHAPTER XII
REFERENCES
S.NO TITLE AUTHOR YEAR
1
Laser beams and
resonators
Kogelnik1966
2
Sensors and
Transducers
D.
patranabis
2004
3
ElectronicDevices:
System and
applications.
Diffenderf
es,
Robert
2005

21. LITERATURE SURVEY
Website link for Laser
httns://www.electronicshu
b.or2/laser-security-
Security System system/
YouTube link
https: //youtu.be/8LbF 21
HKvuQ
Pdf link httos://www.iiser.
org/researchnaoer/LASER-
SECURITY-SYSTEM-
Suman.ndf

22. CHAPTER XIII
LIST OF MODELS
Carpentry:
-CRANK AND
SLOTTED
Electronics:
-EMERGENCY
LIGHT
Machine Shop:
-Sheet
metal tray

23. CARPENTRY : WOODEN WINDOW
AIM : To design Wooden Window as per the
required dimensions from the given work piece
APPARATUS:
•Woodenpieces
•Woodcutter
•Hammer
•Nuts,Bolts
•Screwdriver
PROCEDURE:
oTakethewood
o Mark the measurements as shown in the below
design. o Cut the wood as per required
measurements with the help of wood cutter.
o By using the cut pieces of the wood make a
frame with the help of nails and hammer.
o Now take the wooden sheet as per the
measurements and fix it to the frame with the
help of nails and hammer.
MODEL 1

24. RESULT :
Thedesignofwoodenwindowasperthegiven
dimensionshavesuccessfullycompleted.Fromthismodel
Ilearnthowtomakeawoodenwindowwithsimple
instruments.
DIAGRAM :

25. ELECTRONICS: EMERGENCY LIGHT
AIM :To fabricate single side PCB for Emergency
Light MATERIALS REQUIRED :
>SinglesidecoppercladPCB
>Digitalmultimeter(DMM)
>Ferricchloridesolutionandsiliconcarbridepaper
>Drillingmachine
>Solderingiron
PROCEDURE :
• For PCB design!1. Scratch the copper board using sand paper. But
make sure that you do not scratch it too hard or too much and also ensure
that sand paper is not too harder one After scratching clean the surface of
copper board
.2. Take the printout of PCB design layout in transparent paper, keep it on
copper board and iron it using ison. Ikon it well, make sure keep printed
side on the copper board.
3. After isoning it can be seen that the circuit diagramwill be printed on
copper board especially if properly done. But it may not be printed well
on the copper board especially if photocopied one is used. So with the
help of permanant macker pen draw the parts of circuit diagram which
aren't printed properly. Keep in mind to choose a marker with a small
point, otherwise it will be difficult draw.
•
MODEL 2
COMPONENTS REQURIED :
DIODES
CAPACITOR
TRANSFOMER
LED

26. 4. Now you got a circuit diagram printed on copper board Take ferric
chloride and mix it with water. Put the copper board and wash it well-
copper will read with fessicchloride and finally you will get your
PCB. You will see the circuit diagromon board in black colour
5. Wash the board using thinner and clean it Now youwillsee your PCB
6. Using drilling machine make holes in the copper beardfor
introducing the components.
7. Connect the components using soldering iron
DIAGRAM :
TESTING
Using digital multimeter ,in continuity mode , test for continuity of
tracks and short circuit
RESULT :
As per the procedure emergency light is made

27. MODEL 3
MACHINE SHOP: SHEET
METAL TRAY
AIM : To prepare a Sheet Metal Tray
APPARATUS:
PROCEDURE :
>Metalsheet
>Metalcutter
>Hammer
>Scissors
>Scale
>Pencil
o Take a rectangular metal sheet
o Take the given measurements with the help of scale and pencil is
given in the above design
o Now cut the sheet through the marked measurements with the help
of scissors
o Bend the rest of the sheet

28. o Now attach the parts of the sheet and rub the sheet
with the help of scrubber to get it smoother
DIAGRAM :
RESULT:Thedesignofthesheetmetaltrayasperthegiven
dimensionshavesuccessfullycompleted.Fromthis
modelIhavelearnthowtodoatraybyusing
simpleinstruments