LATIHAN DALAM PERKHIDMATAN(LDP) scuba.pptx

SCUBA DIVING

1. LATIHAN DALAM PERKHIDMATAN(LDP) SAINS SELAMAN ASP G19839 SYAMSUL ANUAR

2. KANDUNGAN AIR PRESSURE VOLUME BUOYANCY THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY UNDERWATER VISION/SOUND PARTIAL PRESSURE

3. Komposisi Udara 20.9% Oksigen 78% Nitrogen 1.1% Gas Lengai (argon, helium, CO2) Oksigen – 20.9% Nitrogen – 78% Gas Lengai – 1.1% Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully designed. I hope and I believe that this Template will your Time, Money and Reputation. Easy to change colors, photos and Text. You can simply impress your audience. Add Contents Title Get a modern PowerPoint Get a modern PowerPoint Get a modern PowerPoint Get a modern PowerPoint Add Contents Title

4. 1 Liter Udara = 1.25 gram Badan manusia menggunakan oksigen untuk pernafasan , manakala gas-gas lain tidak memberikan kesan kepada tubuh badan manusia sewaktu di permukaan bumi . Tinggi Ketumpatan Udara pada aras laut Rendah Ketumpatan Udara pada aras tinggi ( Puncak gunung ) Berat Udara Berat Tangki muatan kosong Berat Tangki muatan penuh udara mampat 15 kg 18 kg 1 Liter Air = 1 Kg 1 Liter Air Laut = 1.025 Kg

5. Tekanan Daya yang bertindak keatas sesuatu objek . Diukur dalam unit BAR @ PSI Tekanan pada aras laut = 1 ATM = 1Bar = 14.7 psi

6. Tekanan Tekanan meningkat berkadaran tetap dengan kedalaman air. (0 m) Aras laut = 1 ATM = 1 Bar (10 m) = 2 ATM = 2 Bar (20 m) = 3 ATM = 3 Bar (30 m) = 4 ATM = 4 Bar 10.3 meters (34 feet) of fresh water is 1 atmosphere, 20.7 meters (68 feet) of fresh water is 2 atmospheres, 31 meters (102 feet) of fresh water is 3 atmospheres, Tekanan tolok vs tekanan mutlak

7. Quiz ? Bar ? ATM ? PSI ? Bar Sea Level 10 meter Nyatakan tekanan bagi setiap dalaman yang tertera 20 meter 40 meter

8. Kesan Tekanan Keatas Isipadu Boyle’s Law = hubungan antara tekanan dan isipadu ( ispadu berkadar songsang dengan tekanan ) P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2

9. Sistem tertutup

10. Continue breathing, Never ever hold your breath

11. Apa kaitan Tekanan – Isipadu – Kedalaman – Tangki SCUBA Penggunaan Udara (Air consumtion ) Tekanan Separa (Partial pressure)

12. Keapungan Prinsip Archimedes Daya Keapungan adalah bersamaan dengan berat cecair yang disesarkan Berat cecair yang disesarkan dibandingkan dengan berat objek yang menyesarkan air berkenaan Bagaimana ? Lemak badan Ketumpatan Air Berat / isipadu Faktor lain Positive Buoyant Neutral Buoyant Negative Bouyant

13. Quiz Wet suit

14. Pemindahan Haba

15. PEMANDANGAN / VISI (VISION)

16. PEMANDANGAN / VISI (VISION)

17. Sound

18. TEKANAN SEPARA (0.17 – 1.6) Partial Pressure of Air at pressure of 1 ATM -> PPO 2 = 0.21 PPN2 = 0.78 -- 0 meter 2 ATM -> PPO 2 = 0.42 PPN2 = 1.56 -- 10 meter 3 ATM -> PPO 2 = 0.63 PPN2 = 2.34 -- 20 meter 4 ATM -> PPO 2 = PPN2 = -- 30 meter Equilibrium state on each depth  Ingasses / offgasses Controlled Partial Pressure  Nitrox ( PPO 2 = 0.4 PPN2 = 0.6 ) Decompression sickness@Bends

19. Final Quiz

20. Diving Related Illness

21. Skills In SCUBA Diving Dive Equipment Assembly Put on dive equipment using proper technique Buddy Check Giant Stride Entry Inflate/Deflate BCD at the Surface Buoyancy Check at the Surface No Mask Breathing Surface Ears equalize 5 Point Descent Over Sensitive Bottom Regulator Clearing Two Methods Regulator Removal & Recovery Partially Flooded Mask Alternate Air Source Stationary for 30 Seconds Swim Maintaining Buoyancy Air Check Skin Dive Snorkel to Regulator Exchange Fully Flooded Mask Mask Removal & Replacement Air Depletion & Signal Mask Removal & Replacement for 1 Minute Exit Using the Ladder Cramp Release at the Surface (with a buddy) Neutrally Buoyant (Fin Pivot LPI - Optional) Cramp Release Underwater (with a buddy) Hover for 30 seconds Alternate Air Source Swim for 1 Minute (with a buddy)CESA - Controlled Emergency Swimming Ascent Tired Diver Tow 25 Meters Scuba Unit Removal & Replacement at the Surface Hover Orally Inflate for 1 MinuteFree Flowing Regulator for 30 Seconds No Mask Swim Emergency Weight Belt Drop Weight Belt Removal and Replacement Underwater Scuba Unit Removal and Replacement Underwater Mini Dive 5 Point Ascent Orally Inflate the BCD at the SurfaceEquipment Disassembly