Laws of Education in the Philippines-REPORT IN MEM 206.pptx

1987 Laws of Education in the Philippines

1. RILYN L. CANTA SHIELA D. JUANITE MAED-EM LEGAL BASES OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION

2. Laws Related to School Curriculum

3. The 1987 Constitutions Article XIV Sections 1-5(5)

4. Section 1.  The state shall protect and promote the right of all the citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such  education  accessible to all . Section 2.  The state shall: Establish, maintain and support a complete, adequate and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people and society; Establish and maintain s system of free public education in the elementary and high school levels. Without limiting the natural rights of parents to rear their children, elementary education is compulsory for all children of school age;

5. Establish and maintain a system of scholarship grants, student loan programs, subsidies and other incentives which shall be available to deserving students in both public and private schools, especially to the underprivileged; Encourage non- formal, informal and indigenous learning system, as well as self- learning independent and out-of-school study programs particularly those that respond to community needs; and Provide adult citizens, the disabled and out-of-school youth with training in civics, vocational efficiency and skills.

6. Section 3. All educational institutions shall include the study of the Constitution as part of the curricula. They shall inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of humanity, respect for human rights, appreciation of the role of national heroes in the historical development of the country, teach the rights and duties of citizenship, strengthen ethical and spiritual values, develop moral character and personal discipline, encourage critical and creative thinking, broaden scientific and technological knowledge and promote efficiency .

7. At the option expressed in writing by the parent or guardians, religion shall be allowed to be taught to their children or wards in the public elementary and high schools within the regular class hours by instructors designated or approved by the religious authorities of the religion to which the children or wards belong, additional cost to the Government.

8. Section 4. The state recognizes the complementary roles of the public and private institutions in the educational system and shall exercise reasonable supervision and regulation of all educational institutions. Educational institutions, other than those established by religious groups and mission boards, shall be allowed solely by citizens of the Philippines or corporations or associations at least sixty per centum of the capital of which is owned by such citizens. The Congress may, however, require increased Filipino equity participation in all educational institutions. The control and administration of educational institutions shall vested in citizens of the Philippines. No educational institution shall be established exclusively for aliens and no group of aliens shall comprise more than one third of the enrollment in any school. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to schools established for foreign diplomatic personnel and their dependents and, unless otherwise provided by law, for other foreign temporary residents. All revenues and assets of non- stock, non- profit educational institutions used actually, directly and exclusively for educational purposes shall be exempt from taxes and duties. Upon the dissolution or cessation of the corporate existence of such institutions, their assets shall be disposed of in the manner provided by law. Proprietary educational institutions, including those cooperatively owned, may likewise be entitled to such exemptions subject to the limitations provided by law including restrictions on dividends and provisions for reinvestment. Subject to conditions prescribed by law, all grants endowments, donations or contributions used actually, directly and exclusively for educational purposes shall be exempt from tax.

9. Section 5. The State shall take into account regional and sectoral needs and conditions and shall encourage local planning in the development of educational policies and programs. Academic freedom shall be enjoyed in all institutions of higher learning. Every citizen has a right to select a profession or course of study, subject to fair, reasonable and equitable admission and academic requirements. The State shall enhance the right of teachers to professional advancement. Non- teaching academic and non-academic personnel shall enjoy the protection of the State. The State shall assign the highest budgetary priority to education and ensure that teaching will attract and retain its rightful share of the best available talents through adequate remuneration and other means of job satisfaction and fulfillment.

10. Batas Pambansa Blg . 232 (The Education Act of 1982) This was an act providing for the establishment and maintenance of an integrated system of education. In accordance with Section 2, this act shall apply to and govern both formal and non- formal system in public and private schools in all levels of the entire educational system.

11. 1. Department Order No. 5, s. 1955 – The Secretary of Education provides that religious instruction may be scheduled during the school session in such a way as to enable the teacher in religion to teach in the public school building for more than one thirty-minutes period a day, three times a week, to different groups of pupils in the same school, provided no pupil is given instruction under this arrangement for more than the maximum lenght of time allowed by law .

12. 2. Republic Act No. 343 – This act provides for the inclusion of Spanish as a course or subject in all high schools, private or public of the Philippines. 3. Republic Act No. 709 – This act made the teaching of Spanish obligatory in all courses of public and private colleges and universities in the Philippines.

13. 4. Republic Act No. 1425 – (otherwise known as Rizal Law) - This act requires that courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particulary his novels NOLI ME TANGERE and EL FILIBUSTERISMO shall be included in the curricula of all private and public schools, colleges and universities . These courses shall be given as a part of the school studies and/or language arts in the high school; and the social sciences in the colleges and universities. (Approved, June 12, 1956) 5. Republic Act No. 1881 – This Act states that all students enrolled in the courses in Law , Commerce , Liberal Arts, Foreign Service and Education are required to complete at least 24 units of Spanish . (Approved, June 22, 1957)

14. 6. Republic Act No. 5181 – This act replaced Republic Act No. 707, as amended by R.A. No. 1881. Under the new law, college and university students are required to complete at least 12 units of Spanish. It is, however, provided that the Board of National Education is authorized, in consideration of the particular relevance and importance of Spanish, the require additonal units for such courses as it may determine, on the exercise of its discretion. (Took effect during the school year 1968-1969). 7. Department Order No. 19, s. 1970 – This Department Order increased time allotment for language arts (English) from 30 to 40 minutes in grade 1 and 2, from 40 to 60 minutes in grades 3 and 4 from 60 to 80 minutes in the intermediate grades.

15. This Order also approved the changing of the terminology of “Arithmetic” into “Elementary Mathematics”, with the aim of enabling the Filipino child to achieve a deeper understanding of the science of numbers and mathematical concepts. 8. Republic Act No. 5946 – This law amended the Medical Act of 1959. The act states that the “students seeking admission to medical school must have a Bachelor’s degree in Science or in Arts . This Act led to the abolition of preparatory medical courses in private schools, colleges and universities.

16. 9. Presidential Decree No. 6-A – This decree is known as Educational Development Decree of 1972 . Under this decree, education will aim to attain the national development goal, particularly the acceleration of economic development and social progress, to assure the maximum participation of all the people in the attainment and enjoyment of the benefits of such growth, and to strenghten national consciousness and promote desirable cultural values of the people. To accomplish those aims, educational efforts are to be directed toward broad general education, training of manpower in the middle-level skills, development of high level professions that will provide leadership for the nation and extension of knowledge through research, and systematic planning to meet changing needs and conditions.

17. Laws Related to Students or Pupils

18. 1. Commonwealth Act no. 80 - T his A ct provided for the organization of the Office of Adult E ducation under the Director of Adult Education who was appointed by the President with the consent of the C ommission on Appointment. This office was charged to eliminate illiteracy, to provide for vocational guidance, and to give citizenship training. Executive Order No. 94 abolished the Office of Adult Education under the Department of Education and transferred its functions over to the Bureau of Public Schools, where it is a division. (Based on the Reorganization Act of 1947). 2. Republic Act no. 124 - this law requires private schools, colleges and universities having an enrollment of 300 or more to employ a part or full-time physician who will conduct an annual physical examination of their students .(Approved , June 14, 1947)

19. 3. Republic Act No . 896 – This Act provides for compulsory education of seven years and made it mandatory on the part of the parents to enroll their children in public schools upon attaining seven years of age . (Approved, June 14, 1947) 4. Republic Act No . 4206 - This law prohibits the collection of contributions for the Red Cross , Anti-Tuberculosis, PTA’s, school athletic meets, medical and dental services or any other project or purpose, whether voluntary or otherwise, from school children of public primary and intermediate schools . Under this law, persons found violating this provisions would be punished, either with fine or imprisonment in the discretion of the court.

20. 5. Republic Act No . 4090 - an act providing for state scholarship in science, arts and letters and for poor and deserving students, creating a state scholarship council to integrate, systematize, administer and implement all program of scholarship, and appropriate funds thereof. 6. Republic Act no. 4725 - this act amended Republic no. 4206 the collection of contribution for Anti-Tuberculosis, Parent, Teacher Associations, School athletic meets, medical and dental service school children and teachers of public primary of intermediate and high school is hereby prohibited . provided however,that this prohibition shall not cover membership fees of school children in the Red Cross, the Girl Scouts of the Philippines, and the Boy Scouts of the Philippines.

21. 7. Republic Act no. 6139 - This act is known as the “Tuition Fee Law”. This Act regulates the increases of tuition fees in private schoold, colleges, and universities. The law requires 180 days before effectively. The amount of tuition fees should not be beyond 15 percent of the basic tuition fees. 8. Presidential Decree No . 146 - This Decree is known as the National College Entrance Examination was promulgated with no other purpose but to regulate the admission of students to all four year or five year degree programs in the country so as to improve the quality of higher education and to distribute students among different courses, thus meeting the manpower needs of the country.

22. Laws Related to Finance and Support

23. 1. Commonwealth Act No . 586 - Section 7 of this Act nationalizes the support of the elementary schools except in chartered cities. 2. Republic Act No . 364 - This act authorizes all vocational school to collect tuition fees, receive contributions from private persons and to contract loans from the government and private banks and other financial institutions and to create a special trust fund for each school .(Approved, June 9, 1949) 3. Republic Act No . 1284 - This law exempt from amusement tax all athletic meets , school programs and exhibitions, and other educational activities conducted by public schools, by amending the National Internal Revenue Code. 4. Republic Act No . 5447 - T his act is otherwise known as Special Educational Fund Act .

24. Other Laws Affecting School Administration and Supervision

25. 1. Executive Order No . 56 - This act authorizes the Director of the Bureau of Private Schools to call upon the members of the government examination boards for technical advice. 2. Republic Act No. 139 - T his act is the present basis for the selection and adoption of textbooks to be used in public and private schools. 3. Republic Act No . 1147 - This act provides for the holding of regular and promotional teacher civil service examinations at least once every two years. 4. Republic Act No . 1265 - This act makes flag ceremony compulsory in all educational institutions. 5. Republic Act No . 1880- A n act amending section 562 and 564 of the Revised Administrative Code which prescribes the legal hours of labor –”eight (8) hours a day, five (5) days a week or forty (40) hours a week”.

26. 6. Republic Act No . 416 - The law converted the present Philippine Normal School into Philippine Normal College conferring the Degrees of Bachelor Science in Elementary Education and Master of Arts in Education. 7. Department Order No.1, s. 1957 – (Revised Philippine Educational Program) - This program is otherwise known as the 2-2 plan . This plan divides the present four years secondary education into two parts, and aims to develop greater vocational competence and to insure more adequate academic preparation for our students. 8. Department Order No. 27 , s.1972 - This Order gives the Heads of the Institutions Authority to expel, dismiss, or suspend indefinitely, or cause the expulsion, dismissal, or suspension of any faculty, members, employees and students, who after investigation, were found to have been engaged or were engaged in subversion or similar illegal activities or were known to be active member of subversive organizations and activities. subversion -the act or an instance of subverting or overthrowing a legally constituted government, institution, etc.

27. 9. Department Order No . 30, s.1972 - This order prescribed the use of Identification Cards by all bonafide students , faculty and staff members in each institution. 10. Department Order No . 33 , s.1972 - T he standard operating procedure for screening university personnel were spelled out in this Order . 11. Department Order No . 32, s.1972 - This order granted academic freedom to Faculty members under certain conditions. 12. Department Oder No.42 s.1972 - The major point of this order is to stimulate students and faculty members of colleges and universities to have build a New Society within the context of the Decree issued in pursuance of Proclamation 1081 .

28. Circulars Which Affect School Administration And Supervision

29. 1. B.P.S . Circular No.1, s.1946 – (Admission of U.S. Veterans into Public Schools) - Discharged Filipino veterans who had been active in service with the United States naval and Military forces and who meet certain requirements prescribed by law are eligible for education or training under Public Law 16 or Public Law 346(78th Congress) in any approved schools, colleges, universities, or other institutions of learning. 2. B.P.S . Circular No . 32, s.1952 – (Permission to Teach in Private Schools, Colleges, and Universities) - This circular states that a public school teacher must have rendered at least 2 years of satisfactory service before he can teach in private schools.

30. 3. B.P.S Circular No . 9, s.1956 - (Requiring Mathematics Subjects and Physics in the Secondary Course) – This made the teaching of Elementary Algebra in the First Year, Geometry in the Second Year, Advanced Algebra in the Third Year, and Physics in the Fourth Year, compulsory in secondary schools effective beginning with the school year 1957-1958. 4. Memorandum No. 38, s. 1957 – (Implementation of Section 85 of the National Defense Act) – In order to further improve the citizenship training of school children through the medium of the Preparatory Military Training (P.M.T.) among high school students, it is respectfully suggested that the steps be taken for full implementation of Section 85 of our National Defense Act which provides that instructors for the cadets must be taken from the qualified male instructors who are members of the reserve force.

31. 5. Memorandum No. 87, s. 1958 – Permission of Government Officials to Teach in Private Schools During Summer Sessions. -secure permit to teach from the proper Department Head 6. B.P.S. Circular No. 1, s. 1958 – Requirements for the Admission to the Law Course. -completed Bachelor of Arts course major in Political Science, Logic, English, Spanish, History or Economics. -entrance certificates are required before enrollment. 7. B.P.S. Circular No. 5, s. 1960 – Making Boy Scouting As a Curricular Requirement - one (1) of the days per week allocated for Physical Education will be devoted to Boy Scouting activities under a trained Boy Scouter, Cub-Master or Senior Scout Leader.

32. 8. B.P.S. Circular No. 7, s. 1960 – The New Four-Year Curriculum Leading to the Degree of Bachelor of Arts (A.B.) or Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Required for Admission to the College of Medicine. -applicants who complied with Pre-Medical curriculum will be eligible for admission into College of Medicine. 9 . Memorandum No. 37, s. 1960 - Admission Requirement to Nursing and Pharmacy Courses – Students intending to take up the Nursing and Pharmacy courses are required to complete Elementary Algebra or Geometry, Advanced Algebra and Applied Arithmetic and Physics in the Secondary Course. The records of such students, therefore, should be carefully examined.

33. 10. Memorandum No. 46, s. 1960 - Prescribing Preparatory Military Training and Health and Physical Education as Separate Subjects - each have a separate grade for each growing period in conformity with the system of grading use in school and shall count toward promotion or graduation. 11. B.P.S . Circular No. 22, s. 1960 – Merit and Seniority Ranking System -The Seniority Rule covers the following areas: (1) Educational qualifications, (2) Civil Service eligibility, (3) efficiency, (4) experience, and (5) educational leadership and executive ability.

34. 12. Memorandum No. 57 s. 1963 - Greater Stress on Correct Moral, Professional, and Ethical Conduct. - “Code of Ethics for Public School Teachers and Officials, Memorandum No. 121, s. 1959. Teachers are to set the examples of Correct Appearance, Behavior, and Speech at all times, and Memorandum No. 123, s. 1962, School Officials and teachers Should Be Model in their Communities. 13. B.P.S. Circular No. 21, s. 1964 – Pupils Welfare – The Paramount Interest of Schools. - The principal function of the teacher is to teach. All other functions or activities are secondary. He may therefore be assigned to various extra-curricular activities, only if such assignment will not interfere with his regular teaching duties.

35. 14. B.P.S . Circular No. 30, s. 1964 – Reshuffle of School Officials in the Field. - Effective immediately, the unnumbered Department Memorandum dated July, 1962, having reference to the reshuffle every five years of school officials in the field is hereby amended so as to include only superintendents, district supervisors, area supervisors of private schools, and elementary school principals. 15. Memorandum No. 116 , s . 1965 - Courtesy in the Public Service. - All school officials, teachers, and employees under the Bureau of Public Schools are enjoined to observed courtesy on their official actuations at all times and to seek to maintain the best relations with the public they serve through prompt, courteous, and efficient service. Courtesy is the hallmark of a man of culture.

36. 16. B.P.S. Circular No. 36, s. 1965 – Lobbying Prohibited in the Hall of Congress and Offices. - Enjoying school officials, teachers, and other school personnel are to refrain from lobbying in Legislative Halls and Offices for Personnel Interest.

37. Thank you & God Bless!