Learning and Its Nature.pptx

This presentation describes the concept of learning and its nature

1. What is Learning? Learning is the key process in human behaviour Learning is the process by which an individual acquires knowledge, attitudes and skills that are necessary to meet the demands of life Learning is defined as “any relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a result of practice and experience”. Learning can result from both vicarious and direct experiences

2. Definitions of Learning Henry P. Smith: “Learning is the acquisition of new behaviour or the strengthening or weakening of old behaviour as the result of experience.” Hilgard and Atkinson ( 1975) Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of practice. Baron ( 1995) Any relatively permanent change in behaviour potential resulting from experience is called learning.

3. Nature of learning Learning is Universal Learning is through Experience Learning is from all Sides Learning is Continuous It results in change in behaviour

4. Nature of learning Learning is an Adjustment It comes about as a result of practice Learning is a relatively permanent change Learning is never ending growth and development Learning is not directly observable

5. Basic Principles of Learning and their implications Learning is a process of actively constructing knowledge. Learners construct knowledge and make it meaningful in terms of their prior knowledge and experiences. Learning is enhanced when it takes place in a social and collaborative environment.

6. Basic Principles of Learning and their implications Students need to continue to view learning as an integrated whole. Learners must see themselves as capable and successful. Learners have different ways of knowing and representing knowledge. Reflection is an integral part of learning.

7. Active Learning A process in which, Students and their learning needs are at the centre . " Active learning" means students engage with the learning material, participate in the class, and collaborate with each other. Active learning focuses on how students learn, not just on what they learn. Students are encouraged to ‘think hard’, rather than passively receive information from the teacher.

8. Active Learning The aim of active learning is to provide opportunities for learners to think critically about content through a range of activities that help prepare learners for the challenges of professional situations. Active learning can essentially be defined as “students doing things and thinking about what they are doing” ( Bonwell and Eison , 1991 ) Use teaching strategies to actively engage students in the learning process The benefits active learning techniques are many

9. Principles of Active Learning Learning involves the active construction of meaning by the learner Learning facts and learning to do something are two different processes In active learning things that are learned are more readily transferred to other domains Individuals are likely to learn more when they learn with others than when they learn alone Meaningful learning is facilitated by clear explanations, whether to one’s self, peers, or teachers

10. Techniques of Active Learning Just-in-Time Teaching Listening Teams Class discussion Think-Pair-Share Activity Team Quizzes Structured sharing Student debate Reaction to a video Class game Learning by Teaching

11. Self Learning Self-Learning method is an individualized method of learning It involves studying without direct supervision or attendance in a classroom This type of teaching-learning-evaluation all happens without face-to-face interaction There is no fixed time and no fixed number of classes In self- learning individuals take the initiative, with or without the assistance of others

12. Four stages to self-learning Being ready to learn Setting learning goals Engaging in the learning process Deep approach Surface approach Strategic approach Evaluating learning students