Lec 02 - Safety Culture.pptxLec 02 - Safety Culture.pptx

Lec 02 - Safety Culture.pptxLec 02 - Safety Culture.pptxLec 02 - Safety Culture.pptxLec 02 - Safety Culture.pptx

1. HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT NUST COLLEGE OF E&ME Course Outline Lecture 02 Dr Tasweer Hussain Syed

2. Contents Reasons/benefits and barriers for good practices of health and safety Safety Culture Legal frame work and OHS Management System

3. Safety Culture, Benefits and Legal frame work

4. Safety The ‘ control of accidental loss’

5. Reasons for Preventing Accidents There are three main reasons for preventing accidents and ill-health.

6. 1. Risk Reduction Improved efficiency and productivity due to fewer employees missing work from illness or injury . Improved employee relations and morale  Legislation

7. Safety Culture S afety culture is the enduring values and priority placed on workers and management by everyone within the organization. The extent to which individuals and groups will commit to personal responsibility for safety; act to preserve, enhance, and communicate safety concerns; strive to actively learn, adapt, and modify behavior (of both individuals and the organization) based on lessons learned from mistakes; and be rewarded in a manner consistent with these values.

8. Safety System

9. Roles and Responsibilities Why are safety systems? The function of a safety system is to monitor and control conditions on a machine or a process that are hazardous. Potential risks for machine operators Potential damage to machine/goods Potential damage to environment Systems and components must be designed such that they are safe under normal conditions. Faults, failures and external influences must not result in an undetected loss of safety.

10. RAMP 4-Principles of SAFETY Recognize Assess Minimise Prepare RAMP is a concept for scientific safety, developed by Robert H. Hill and David C. Finster in their textbook  ‘ Laboratory Safety for Chemistry Students’ . ( 2017) and adapted by American Chemical Society, these are 4 principles and 4 learning objectives.

11. 1. RECOGNIZE THE HAZARDS Recognize common laboratory hazards. Explain why they are hazards. Have familiarity with hazard rating systems and hazard identification (e.g., GHS ie Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals). Be able to explain these more detailed learning objectives on how to recognize hazards.

12. 2. ASSESS THE RISKS OF HAZARDS: BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER AN EXPERIMENT Know that “ Risk ” is the probability of suffering injury or harm from exposure to a “ Hazard .” Assess the risks of specific hazards (conduct Hazard Assessments). Determine the relative severity of a specific hazard, and give an estimate of the likelihood of exposure under certain circumstances.

13. 3. MINIMIZE THE RISKS OF HAZARDS: BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER AN EXPERIMENT Identify ways in which the risk can be lowered. Be familiar with Control Measures, including: Elimination and   Substitution  of hazardous substances or processes. Engineering Controls  (equipment such as hoods, ventilation systems, and safety interlocks) Administrative Controls  (procedures, processes, and training) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

14. 3. MINIMIZE THE RISKS OF HAZARDS: BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER AN EXPERIMENT Know common methods to minimize hazards and the limitations of those protective measures. Be aware that all laboratory research has risks and that careful planning and preparation are required to mitigate them.

15. 4. PREPARE FOR EMERGENCIES Prepare for emergencies by being able to explain how to respond to common emergencies that could occur in laboratories, such as fires, explosions, chemical exposures, injuries, and chemical spills. Explain the selection and proper use of emergency equipment (e.g., fire extinguishers, eyewash stations, safety showers, spill kits, first aid kits, fire alarms, and fire blankets).

16. 4. PREPARE FOR EMERGENCIES Know the importance of reporting laboratory incidents and the lessons that can be learned from the incidents. Understand the value of training, knowing the locations of all emergency equipment, and considering what one would do in the event of emergency.

17. Building Positive attitude Why safety is important? Injury/death to the workers or damage to asset Responsible to society & answerable to the laws of the country Lose of the business opportunity Business continuity is in question Employees and contractors will lose the morale Industrial harmony will be poor Brand of the product/name of the organization will be at stake

18. SAFETY Culture 4 E’s of safety

19. 4 E’s of safety 1. Engineering Safety at the design, equipment, installation stage 2. Education Education of employees at the safe places 3. Enlistment It concerns the attitude of the employees and management towards the program and its purpose. This necessarily arouses the interest of employees in accident prevention and safety consciousness. 4. Encouragement To enforce adherence to safe rules and practices

20. Industrial safety It is primarily management activity which is concerned with: Reducing Controlling Eliminating hazards from industries or industrial units

21. Legal Framework 1. The factories Act 1934 is one of the main enactments that primarily deals with OHS issues. 2. The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 Article 3 provides shield to workers and employees by acknowledging and attached certain rights to eradicate any sort of abuse found at workplace. Article 4 and 9 provide fundamental right as everyone is protected and no harm would be done to him and taken away his life except according to law .

22. Legal Framework 3. Article 37 (e)makes mandatory for a state to provide decent workplace and take all necessarily step to provide a safe and sound workplace. 4. The Companies Act 2017 Section 1 laid down an obligation upon director to act in the best interest of the company and enhance its productivity and take care for the environment. 5. Pakistan Occupational Health and Safety Act 2018

23. Qiz 1 Home Work Download case study on Piper Alpha Disaster uploaded on LMS and make of summary of 5 lessons learnt from the case

24. Discussion

25. Piper Alpha - Case study

26. Pre and Post Accident

27. Piper Alpha was an  oil platform  located in the  North Sea  about 120 miles (190 km) north-east of  Aberdeen , Scotland. It was operated by  Occidental Petroleum (Caledonia) Limited  (OPCAL) and began production in 1976, initially as an oil-only platform, but later converted to add gas production.

28. Piper Alpha exploded and collapsed on 6 July 1988, killing 165 of the men on board, 30 of whose bodies were never recovered, as well as a further two rescue workers after their rescue vessel, which had been trapped in debris and immobilised , was destroyed by the disintegrating rig. Sixty-one workers escaped and survived. The total insured loss was about £1.7 billion (£5 billion in 2021), making it one of the costliest man-made catastrophes ever.

29. At the time of the disaster, the platform accounted for roughly 10% of North Sea oil and gas production. The accident is the world's worst offshore oil disaster in terms of lives lost and industry impact. The inquiry blamed it on inadequate maintenance and safety procedures by Occidental, though no charges were brought. A separate civil suit resulted in a finding of negligence against two workers who were killed in the explosion.