Lec 1 Impairment, Disability, Handicapd.pptx

ICIDH

1. “Impairment ,” “Disability ,” and “Handicap ,”

2. The word “impairment,” “disability,” and “handicap,” are very common words,   each having different meanings. Impairment, disability and handicap are all related to conditions that make it hard or impossible for an individual to function in a normal capacity and the effect of those conditions.

3. Impairment Simply we can say that Impairment is the abnormality itself, it is the weakness or damage of the organ. Impairment is a loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function. 'Impairment ' is concerned with the abnormalities of body structure and appearance or of organ and system functioning, resulting from any cause .

4. Impairments are disturbances at the level of the organ which include defects in or loss of a limb, organ or other body structure, as well as defects in or loss of a mental function. Examples of impairments include blindness, deafness , paralysis of a limb, amputation of a limb; mental retardation etc.

5. Disability Disability: any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of the ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Disability ' is the functional consequence of impairment .

6. Disability is the term used to define a restriction in the ability to perform a normal activity of daily living which someone of the same age is able to perform. “Disability” means the lack of ability to perform an activity in a manner that is considered to be normal.

7. Handicap Handicap is a social construct / concept. 'Handicap ' relates to the disadvantages experienced in society by the individual, as a result of his/her disability. It is basically society and the physical environment what makes people handicapped . A handicap is a "disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or disability, that limits or prevents the fulfillment of a role that is normal, (depending on age, sex and social and cultural factors) for that individual ".

8. Examples of handicaps include being restricted or confined / limited to home; being unable to use public transport; being socially isolated. It is evident from the definitions above that a handicap is the result both of an impairment and of environmental conditions. If environmental barriers are taken away, the person will still be impaired, but not necessarily handicapped.

9. Simply we can say that, impairment refers to a problem with a structure or organ of the body; disability is a functional limitation with regard to a particular activity; and handicap refers to a disadvantage in filling a role in life.

10. Conclusion All disabled people are impaired, and all handicapped people are disabled, but a person can be impaired and not necessarily be disabled, and a person can be disabled without being handicapped.

11. Thanks