Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design Course.ppt

Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.ppt Lecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic Design.pptLecture 00 - Digital Logic D

1. 1
Digital Logic Design
°Digital
-Concerned with the interconnection among digital
components and modules
»Best Digital System example is General Purpose
Computer
°Logic Design
-Deals with the basic concepts and tools used to design
digital hardware consisting of logic circuits
»Circuits to perform arithmetic operations (+, -, x, ÷)

2. 2
DigiDigi
tal tal
SigSig
nalsnals
°Decimal values are difficult to represent in electrical
systems. It is easier to use two voltage values than
ten.
°Digital Signals have two basic states:
1 (logic “high”, or H, or “on”)
0 (logic “low”, or L, or “off”)
°Digital values are in a binary format. Binary means
2 states.
°A good example of binary is a light (only on or off)
on off
Power switches have labels “1” for on and “0” for off.

3. 3
Motivation
°Microprocessors/Microelectronics have
revolutionized our world
•Cell phones, internet, rapid advances in medicine, etc.
°The semiconductor industry has grown tremendously

4. 4
Text Book
°Primary Text:
“Digital Design” By M. Morris Mano and Michael D.
Ciletti
°Complementary Material
“Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals” By M.
Morris Mano & Charles R Kime.

5. 5
Digital Logic Design
Lecture 1
Number Systems

6. 6
Number Systems
°Decimal is the number system that we use
°Binary is a number system that computers use
°Octal is a number system that represents groups of
binary numbers (binary shorthand).
°Hexadecimal (Hex) is a number system that
represents groups of binary numbers (binary
shorthand). Hex is primarily used in computing as
the most common form of expressing a human-
readable string representation of a byte (group of 8
bits).

7. 7
Overvie
w
°The design of computers
•It all starts with numbers
•Building circuits
•Building computing machines
°Digital systems
°Understanding decimal numbers
°Binary and octal numbers
•The basis of computers!
°Conversion between different number systems

8. 8
Analog vs. Digital
Digital
Water can be flowing or NOT flowing
Two States
•On
•Off
Analog
How much water is flowing
Advantages of Digital
Replication
•Analog
Try replicating the exact flow
from a faucet
•Digital
Try replicating ON or OFF

9. 9
Advantages of Digital
oError Correction/Detection
•Small errors don’t propagate
oMiniaturization of Circuits
oProgrammability
•Digital computers are programmable
°Two discrete values are used in digital systems.
°How are discrete elements represented?
•Signals are the physical quantities used to represent discrete
elements of information in a digital system.
°Electric signals used:
•Voltage
•Current

10. 10
Advantages of Digital/Representation of Binary Values
V
o
l
t
s
-1 .0
0 .0
1 .0
2 .0
3 .0
4 .0
5 .0
6 .0
H ig h
L o w
°Why are there voltage ranges instead
of exact voltages?
•Variations in circuit behavior & noise
oTwo possible values
•1, 0
•On, Off
•True, False
•High, Low
•Heads, Tails
•Black, White

11. 11

12. 12
Digital Computer
Systems
°Digital systems consider discrete amounts of data.
°Examples
•26 letters in the alphabet
•10 decimal digits
°Larger quantities can be built from discrete values:
•Words made of letters
•Numbers made of decimal digits (e.g. 239875.32)
°Computers operate on binary values (0 and 1)
°Easy to represent binary values electrically
•Voltages and currents.
•Can be implemented using circuits
•Create the building blocks of modern computers

13. 13
Why Use Binary Numbers?
°Easy to represent 0 and 1 using
electrical values.
°Possible to tolerate noise.
°Easy to transmit data
°Easy to build binary circuits.
AND Gate
1
0
0

14. 14
Binary as a VoltageBinary as a Voltage
°Voltages are used to represent logic values:
°A voltage present (called Vcc or Vdd) = 1
°Zero Volts or ground (called gnd or Vss) = 0
A simple switch can provide a logic high or a logic low.

15. 15
A Simple SwitchA Simple Switch
°Here is a simple switch used to provide a logic value:
Vcc
Gnd, or 0
Vcc
Vcc, or 1
There are other ways to connect a switch.

16. 16
Binary digits
Bit: single binary digit
Byte: 8 binary digits
10010111
2
Bit
Byte
Radix