Lecture 1-Digestive System.pdf ppt presentation

digestive system of human body

1. Anatomy and Physiology II
Tanveer Tara ,NSUI
Course Instructor
Tanveer Tara
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology
National Skills University, Islamabad, Pakistan

2. Digestive System
•Thefoodyoueattakesan
incrediblejourneythrough
yourbody,fromtop(your
mouth)tobottom(your
anus).
•Alongthewaythebeneficial
partsofyourfoodare
absorbed,givingyouenergy
andnutrients
Tanveer Tara ,NSUI

3. What is the digestive system?
•Digestivesystemismadeupofthe
gastrointestinal(GI)tract,liver,
pancreasandgallbladder.
•TheGItractisaseriesofhollow
organsthatareconnectedtoeach
otherfromyourmouthtoyour
anus.
•TheorgansthatmakeupyourGI
tract,intheorderthattheyare
connected,includeyourmouth,
esophagus,stomach,small
intestine,largeintestineandanus.
Tanveer Tara ,NSUI

4. Tanveer Tara ,NSUI

5. What does the digestive system do?
•Your digestive system is
uniquely constructed to do
its job of turning your food
into the nutrients and
energy you need to survive.
•And when it’s done with
that, it handily packages
your solid waste, or stool,
for disposal when you have
a bowel movement.
Tanveer Tara ,NSUI

6. Tanveer Tara ,NSUI

7. Tanveer Tara ,NSUI

8. Function of digestive system
•Ingestion or consumption of food substances
•Breaking them into small particles
•Transport of small particles to different areas of the
•digestive tract
•Secretion of enzymes and other substances for digestion
•Absorption of the digestive products (nutrients)
•Removal of unwanted substances from the body
Tanveer Tara ,NSUI

9. •Gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) or alimentary
canal and accessory organs
•GI tract is a tubular structure extending from the
mouth up to anus, with a length of about 30 feet.
•GI tract is formed by two types of organs:
•1. Primary digestive organs.
•2. Accessory digestive organs
Tanveer Tara ,NSUI
•Digestive system

10. Important terms
Digestion :
Digestionistheprocessofturning
complexfoodparticlesinto
simpleronesthatmaybe
easilyabsorbedbythe
body.
Mastication:
(chewing),inwhichfoodis
crushedandmixedwith
salivatoformabolusfor
swallowing,isacomplex
mechanisminvolvingopening
andclosingofthejaw,
secretionofsaliva,and
mixingoffoodwiththe
tongue.
Tanveer Tara ,NSUI
Enzymes
Allowsthenutrientsfromthese
foodstobeeasilyabsorbedinto
yourbloodandcarriedthrough
yourbody.
Thereareseveraldigestive
enzymes,includingamylase,
maltase,lactase,lipase,sucrase,
andproteases.

11. Important terms
Ingestion:
Theprocessoftakingfood,
drink,oranothersubstance
into the body
byswallowingorabsorbing
it.
Tanveer Tara ,NSUI
Defecation
Defecation(ordefaecation)
followsdigestion,andis
anecessaryprocessby
which organisms
eliminatea solid,
semisolid.