Lecture data communica1_Shobhit Kumar.pptx

data communication

1. Introduction, Types of Computer Graphics Session No.: 1 Course Name: Computer Graphics Course Code: R1UC408B Instructor Name: Mr. Shobhit Kumar Galgotias University 1

2. What is computer graphics and how do we see its applications in everyday life? Galgotias University 2

3. Questions Galgotias University 3

4. At the end of this session students will be able to Galgotias University 4

5. Session Outline Galgotias University 5

6. Computer graphics Computer graphics is a dynamic and essential field within computing that involves the creation, manipulation, and rendering of visual content using computers. Computer graphics technologies have revolutionized how we perceive and interact with visual information, playing a pivotal role in video games, movies, architectural design, medical imaging, and more.  Computer Graphics including digital images, animations, and interactive graphics used in various sectors such as entertainment, education, scientific visualization, and virtual reality. 6 Galgotias University

7. Application areas of CG Computer Aided Design (CAD) Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) Desktop Publishing Scientific visualization and Business Plotting Entertainment Process Monitoring Cartography Multimedia Digital Image Processing Education & Training 7 Galgotias University

8. Computer Aided Design ( CAD) used for Designing components of mechanical, electrical and electronics devices Building Structures Automobiles Parts Telephone & Computer Networks Circuits & Networks of water Supply Helps the designer to choose the optimize design with minimum no. of components, smaller size, efficient and cost effective systems. Helps to study the appearance of buildings, industrial complex before giving them a final look. 8 Galgotias University

9. Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) used to Interact with an Application in easier way. Components of GUI Menus – helps the user to reach the application Icons – Symbols , represents the option Cursors Dialog boxes Scroll bars – To slide Up and Down, Right and Left. Buttons Valuators – Resembles volume control dial on traditional radio sets Grids Sketching 3D Interface 9 Galgotias University

10. Desktop Publishing window system help in multiple Activities: Word Processing Spread Sheets Incorporating Texts Pictures Cutting and Pasting from documents Various fonts and styles and colors to make the documents more presentable. Scientific visualization and Business Plotting used to study scientific phenomenon like: Fluid flow Nuclear Chemical reaction Physiological System Organ Function 10 Galgotias University

11. Business Analysis need to analyze large amount of data. If numerical data is converted into visual form (charts & graphs), analyzing the same data becomes easier. Entertainment Computer Graphics include: Motion Pictures Music Videos Television Shows Process Monitoring Used in displaying the status of Refineries Power Plants Visualizing data values from sensors attached to critical system components. Proves helpful in defense fields, flight control, space craft controlling. Space craft controllers monitor telemetry data and take corrective action if needed. 11 Galgotias University

12. Cartography used to produce Accurate and Schematic Representations of Geographical and natural Phenomenon from measured data Example: Geographic maps Relief maps Exploration chats Weather maps Population Density maps Multimedia Concerned with the computer controlled integration of : Text Graphics Drawing Still & Moving Images(video) Animation audio Other media where energy type of information can be represented, stored, Transmitted & Processed Digitally. 12 Galgotias University

13. Digital Image Processing Concerned with the modification of the picture Quality. Picture quality Improvement or enhancement includes elimination of noise(missing pixel data) & enhancing contrast to improve visibility. Education And Training Used in Pie Charts Bar Charts Birth Rate Helps them to link to the real world scenario Example: Simulators for practice sessions Training of ship captains or aircrafts Pilots Heavy Equipment Various utilities & tools available for web based design include: Java, XML, GIF animators. 13 Galgotias University

14. Learning Activity 1 Galgotias University 14

15. Types of Computer Graphics Raster graphics Vector graphics 3D graphics Animation Galgotias University 15

16. Types of Computer Graphics Raster graphics Raster graphics are images made up of tiny dots called pixels. Each pixel has a specific color, and when you put all these pixels together, they form a complete picture. This is similar to a mosaic, where small colored tiles come together to create a bigger image. Common examples of raster graphics include photos you take with your phone, images on websites, and graphics used in social media. Key Features of Raster Graphics: Detail and Color:  Raster graphics can show a wide range of colors and intricate details, making them perfect for realistic images like photographs. Common Formats:  Popular formats for raster graphics include JPEG (Joint photographic experts group), PNG (Portable Network graphics), and GIF(Graphics interchange format) , which are widely used on the internet. Scalability:  One limitation is that if you enlarge a raster image too much, it can look blurry or pixelated because you are stretching the pixels. Galgotias University 16

17. Types of Computer Graphics Vector graphics Making use of sequential commands or mathematical statements or programs which place lines or shapes in a 2-D or 3-D environment is referred to as Vector Graphics. Vector graphics are best for printing since it is composed of a series of mathematical curves. As a result, vector graphics print crisply even when they are enlarged. File extensions:  SVG (Scalable vector graphics ), EPS ( Encapsulated postscript), PDF (Portable document format), AI (Adobe Illustrator), DXF ( Drawing exchange format). Galgotias University 17

18. Types of Computer Graphics 3D graphics The three dimensions are extensions of two dimensions. In 2D graphics two coordinates are used, i.e. x and y. but the three-dimensional three coordinates x, y, and z are used. The orientation 3D graphics are used for a variety of mediums like video games, movies, architecture, engineering, and commercial advertising with enhanced engagement and improved spatial awareness. Galgotias University 18

19. Types of Computer Graphics Animation Animation is the process of creating an illusion of motion and shape change by means of rapid display of various type of pictures that were made to create a single scene. Galgotias University 19

20. Summary Computer graphics covers a wide range of rendering, modelling, and visualization techniques. Almost every area utilizes computer graphics for better presentation, synthesis, and understanding of the data, processes, and operations. Broadly, computer graphics are classified into raster and vector graphics. Raster graphics are composed of pixels, whereas vector graphics are composed of drawings based on mathematical formulas. Galgotias University 20

21. Ensure attainment of LOs in alignment to the learning activities: outcomes (1-2) Galgotias University 21

22. Discussion on the post session activities Galgotias University 22 Why do we need more storage in raster graphics as compared to the vector graphics? Any guesses!

23. Information to next topic of the course Galgotias University 23 The next topic of the subject will include the various types of Graphic displays: -What are the techniques to display the graphics on screen -How the displays are kept persistent -What are the methods of keeping the display persistent on the screen

24. Assignment Quiz on LMS Galgotias University 24 1. Which of the following best defines computer graphics? a) The use of computers to create and manipulate visual content b) A method of writing computer programs c) A technique used only for video games d) The study of computer hardware 2. Which type of graphics is made up of individual pixels and is resolution-dependent? a) Vector Graphics b) Raster Graphics c) 3D Graphics d) Wireframe Graphics 3. Which file format is commonly used for vector graphics? a) JPEG b) PNG c) SVG d) BMP 4. What is the main advantage of using vector graphics over raster graphics? a) They are more colorful b) They can be resized without losing quality c) They are better for photographs d) They take up more storage space 5. Which of the following is an application of computer graphics? a) Medical imaging b) Video game development c) Architecture and CAD d) All of the above

25. Review and Reflection from students Galgotias University 25 1. How well did you understand the concepts covered in today’s lecture? a) Very well b) Somewhat well c) Neutral d) Not well e) Not at all 2. Was the pace of the lecture appropriate for your understanding? a) Too fast b) Just right c) Too slow 3. What teaching method or example helped you understand the topic best? a) Very well b) Somewhat well c) Neutral d) Not well e) Not at all

26. Thank You Galgotias University 26