Lecture-Integrated-Circdddddddsuits.pptx

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1. INTEGRATED CIRCUITS BERNARDO A. PANGILINAN, M.Eng’g, PECE, ACPE

2. TOPIC OUTLINE WHAT IS INTEGRATED CIRCUITS? LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

3. INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

4. Advantages of Integrated Circuits

5. Compact size For a given functionality, you can obtain a circuit of smaller size using ICs, compared to that built using a discrete circuit.

6. Lesser weight A circuit built with ICs weighs lesser when compared to the weight of a discrete circuit that is used for implementing the same function of IC. using ICs, compared to that built using a discrete circuit.

7. Low power consumption ICs consume lower power than a traditional circuit, because of their smaller size and construction.

8. Reduced cost ICs are available at much reduced cost than discrete circuits because of their fabrication technologies and usage of lesser material than discrete circuits.

9. Increased reliability − Since they employ lesser connections, ICs offer increased reliability compared to digital circuits.

10. Improved operating speeds − ICs operate at improved speeds because of their switching speeds and lesser power consumption.

11. ANALOG IC’s

12. LINEAR ICs A circuit is said to be linear, if there exists a linear relationship between its input and the output. Similarly, a circuit is said to be non-linear, if there exists a non-linear relationship between its input and output.

13. ANALOG ICs are classified into the two types: Linear Integrated Circuits − An analog IC is said to be Linear, if there exists a linear relation between its voltage and current. IC 741, an 8-pin Dual In-line Package (DIP)op-amp, is an example of Linear IC. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits − An analog IC is said to be Non-Linear, if there exists a non-linear relation between its voltage and current. A Non-Linear IC is also called as Radio Frequency IC.

14. LINEAR ICs They are designed to perform linear operations, such as amplification and filtering, and are commonly used in audio processing, signal conditioning, and power management.

15. Example of Linear ICs

16. General-purpose Circuits Operational amplifiers, voltage comparators, voltage reference circuits, stabilized voltage supply circuits;

17. Industrial Measurement and Control Circuits Timers, waveform generators, detectors, sensor circuits, phase-locked loop circuits, analog multiplier circuits, motor driver circuits, power control circuits, and analog switch circuit;

18. Data Conversion Circuits Digital-to-analog converters, analog-to-digital converters, and voltage-to-frequency converters ;

19. Communication Circuits Telephone communication circuits and mobile communication circuits;

20. Consumer Electronics Circuits Television circuits, video recorder circuits and audio circuits.

21. Digital Integrated Circuits If the integrated circuits operate only at a few pre-defined levels instead of operating for an entire range of continuous values of the signal amplitude, then those are called as  Digital Integrated Circuits .

22. Digital ICs

23. Digital Integrated Circuit Series There exist a 7400-series and 4000-series of integrated circuits. Apt examples of 7 series include the following: 7400 7402 7404 7408 7432 7488

24. Types of 4 includes: 4001 4009 4011 4030 4071 4077 4081

25. Diode Logic When it comes to Diode Logic, the implementation of the entire logic gets done with the use of diodes and resistors. In the DL or logic diode, a diode or the primary purpose is to perform “and” our “or” operator.

26. Resistor-Transistor Logic Regarding resistor-transistor thesis (RTL), the implementation of the entire logic is achieved using resistors and transistors. Resistors’ electronics are not expensive, like the rest, and are too simple to design. The only drawback is that RTLs draw a significant amount of power.

27. Diode-Transistor Logic When it comes to Diode-transistor logic (DTL), the implementation of the entire logic is through transistors and diodes. DTL has got a couple of advantages over other resistor-transistor logic and diode logic. For instance, its diodes can efficiently perform OR and AND operations with ease. Another benefit associated with DTL is the fact that its OR operation is achievable with the use of diodes as opposed to resistors.

28. Transistor-Transistor Logic TTL or transistor-transistor logic has got it’s logic gates made around transistors. The transistor-transistor thesis employs the use of bipolar transistors and comes with different versions. The versions include Schottky TTL, High-speed TTL, Low power TTL, and Standard TTL. Transistor-transistor logic is one of the fastest available bi-polar circuits available currently.

29. Emitter Coupled Logic Here, the transistors do not go into deep saturation, meaning that there are no storage delays. Transistor-transistor logic finds use in applications that concern high-speed movement.

30. Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Logic Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Logic (CMOS) are well known for their low consumption of power coupled with high fan-out. CMOS finds use in several applications and microprocessor technologies. CMOS is also one of the most reliable logic families.

31. Thank you for Listening!