lecture.pptx

It is about the intensive and extensive reading

1. Intensive & Extensive Reading ENG 301 Asif Yousaf

2. Extensive & Intensive Reading • With two different but complementary strategies— extensive  and  intensive  reading—we can strengthen our reading skills • Intensive and extensive reading , named after  a detailed study by Harold Palmer , are two distinct methods of reading

3. What Intensive Reading Is • It’s such a reading where   testing ,  evaluating  and  increasing knowledge  is the primary focus. • Understanding the literal meaning of what’s being read is vital. • Reading intensively often includes  note-taking  and attention to details.

4. Intensive reading contd • In intensive reading, there’s an emphasis on deconstructing sentences to understand grammar and syntax rules as well as to extricate the details of the topic. • It can also involve reading comprehension testing, such as finding answers to specific questions.

5. Intensive reading contd • Uses the grammar-translation approach where the teacher works with the learners, using the first language to explain the meaning of the text, sentence by sentence • Its goal is to determine what language features will get attention in the course which will in turn become the language syllabus • It would be better if the items occur in a wide range of texts • Teachers should ask, “How does today’s teaching make tomorrow’s text easier?” – Nation, 2009

6. Intensive reading contd Some possible examples of intensive reading material are  : • reports ,  • contracts ,  • news articles ,  • blog posts  and • short pieces of text such as  short stories .

7. Focuses • Comprehension • Regular and irregular sound-spelling relations • Vocabulary • Grammar • Cohesion • Information structure • Genre features • Strategies - Nation, 2009

8. Good Intensive Reading • Directs the learners’ attention to features of the text that can be found in almost any text • Directs the learners’ attention to reading the text • Provides the teacher and learners with useful information about the learners’ performance on the exercise • Easy to make

9. Comprehension Question Forms • Pronominal questions • Yes/no questions • True/false statements • Multiple-choice sentences • Sentence completion • Information transfer • Translation • Précis

10. Vocabulary Strategies • High frequency words deserve attention • Low frequency words are best ignored or dealt with quickly • Guessing from context, analyzing words using word parts and dictionary deserve repeated attention over a long period of time

11. Grammar Features • High frequency grammar items deserve sustained attention • Low frequency grammar features are part of strategies

12. Cohesive Devices • Reference words and substitutes • Ellipsis • Comparison • Conjunction relationships • Lexical cohesion

13. Genre Features • Takes note of the communicative effect and purpose of the text

14. Characteristics

15. What Extensive Reading Is • is a completely different sort of approach. • k now how it feels when you’re doing something simply for the joy of doing it? • Like riding a bicycle or dancing, when you know it won’t matter if you don’t get the gears shifted perfectly or your dance steps don’t hit every downbeat? • Extensive reading is like that. It’s reading for fun. And it’s doing it as often as possible.

16. Extensive reading contd • Fluency and total comprehension aren’t necessary for extensive reading. • It’s great to read at or, even better,  below  a comfortable level of understanding. • Most of the time, an unfamiliar word can be deciphered by the surrounding text and if not, that’s fine, too. • It’s not vital to understand every single word in order to get the general idea of a particular passage.

17. Extensive reading contd • It’s generally accepted that 90-95% of the words should be familiar in order to read comfortably in a foreign language. • M ost of us can get along pretty well even without having all that vocabulary in our toolboxes. • Guessing , especially when reading extensively, does work.

18. Extensive reading contd • The idea behind extensive reading is that increased exposure leads to stronger language skills. • Think of the vocabulary you’re being exposed to when you read a lot. • And seeing the structure, idioms and cadence of a language leads to familiarity, which leads to reading competence.

19. Extensive reading contd • Think about dancing again. The more you dance, the better you get. Reading extensively is just like that—but without the tight shoes! • Possible examples of extensive reading material are  magazines ,  graded readers ,  novels  and, yes, even  comic books !

20. Definition of Extensive Reading • Extensive reading meant “rapidly” reading “book after book”. (Harold Palmer) • A reader’s attention should be on the meaning, not the language of the text. • Overall, extensive reading, can be defined as reading a large quantity of text, where reading confidence and reading fluency are prioritized.

21. Principles of Extensive Reading Do not look up words in the dictionary. Skip over parts you do not understand. If you are not enjoying one book, toss it aside and get it another.

22. Aims of Extensive Reading • To get the students reading in the second language and liking it. • Intended to develop good reading habits to build up knowledge of vocabulary and structure, and to encourage a liking for reading.

23. Aims of Extensive Reading contd • to increase students confidence in their English reading ability • to increase students motivation in their English reading • to increase students reading fluency, specifically - to decrease dependence on word by word comprehension - to increase reading speed (number of pages read per hour)

24. Aims of Extensive Reading contd • to increase student’s narrative interpreting ability, specifically so that students identify and record key/interesting points in a narrative write and discuss in English their own ideas and opinions about what has been read, and their own reading progress.

25. Characteristics   • Students read as much as possible. • Related to pleasure, information and general understanding. • Students select what they want to read. • Reading material are well within the linguistic competence of the students.

26. Characteristics contd • Reading is based on the students own pace. • Teacher is the role model of a reader for the students. • Reading can be done inside and outside classroom.

27. Difference Between Intensive & Extensive Reading Intensive • Narrower area • Topic is given by the teacher • Activity after reading is easier  • Students are tasked to find difficult words in the text  Extensive • Larger area • Topic the students enjoy • Activity after reading is more complex • Discourage overuse of a dictionary