LEGAL AND ETHICAL ASPECT OF MIDWIFES.pptx

Legal for nursing and medical health Care workers

1. LEGAL AND ETHICAL ASPECT OF MIDWIFERY AND OBSTETRICAL NURSING

2. LEGAL ISSUES IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY

3. PROBLEMS OF MEDICATION Nurses provide medication to the clients . Certain problems can occur during giving medication which can result into allegation against nurses, such as improper dosage of medication, improper client medication, wrong route of medication and wrong time.

4. FAILURE IN MONITORING OF THE CLIENT It is the responsibility of the nurse to monitor the client regularly depending upon the condition of the client. She is expected to monitor the condition of the client admitted with any gynecological problem. During antenatal period also, monitoring is essential so that any complication can be prevented. Nurse has to monitor the client during antenatal , Intranatal and postnatal period. Failure of this can result into a legal issue.

5. FAILURE TO REPORT CHANGES IN THE PATIENT Nurses do the regular monitoring and the assessment of the client. During assessment , she may notice any change in the client’s condition. This has to be brought to the notice of the physician. With this, a precious life can be saved.

6. FAILURE IN ASSESSING THE CLIENT Assessment is the first thing which nurses have to do . Based on the assessment care is provided to the patients. She is responsible for assessing and reporting any minute change in the client’s condition. Higher levels of assessment skills have to be maintained by the nurses in all the specialty areas.

7. ABORTIONS Many abortions are performed illegally. Nurses have the right to refuse to assist in the procedure of the abortion. If the abortion is performed under the act of medical termination of pregnancy, she can assist the physician in this. Patient who has undergone abortion needs care and monitoring . It is the nurses legal responsibility to care for such client.

8. NURSING CARE OF NEWBORN Nurses have many responsibility for the newborn. She has to take the foot print of the newborn, cord is clamped, wrist band has to be put for the identification , proper warming is maintained etc. there are many responsibilities which the nurses have to carry.

9. ETHICS IN MIDWIFERY AND GYNAECOLOGY

10. Ethical principle of beneficence The ethical principle of beneficence requires one to act in a way that is expected reliably to produce the greater balance of benefits over harms in the lives of others.

11. Non- maleficence : It means that health professionals should prevent causing harm and is understood as expressing the limits of beneficence.

12. Respect for autonomy This principle requires one always to acknowledge and carry out the value based preference to adult, competent patient.

13. Beneficence and respect for autonomy in gynecological practice Beneficence based and autonomy based clinical judgment in gynecology practice are usually in harmony. For example; a woman may present with an ectopic pregnancy. The gynecological must explain diagnostic findings and potential for maternal death and unlikelihood of spontaneous resolution When there is no reasonable alternative to manage the patient’s condition, clinical judgment is beneficence based.

14. Caring The health professionals usually care for their clients and as such would always have their best interest in mind. Making decisions on behalf of others is caring for clients because health professional education and training enables them to know best. At the same time, it does not give right to the health professionals to override someone’s views and wishes.

15. Empowerment and advocacy One of the important role of the midwife is to support and help woman to exercise their autonomy. This is empowerment. Educating and supporting is one of the major roles of midwife, as well as laying emphasis on the public health and health promotion. Advocacy means speaking out for someone’s rights . It is considered useful in the situations where the clients have been unable to make their own choices. It means speaking up for what the person wants to happen.

16. PREPARING FOR PARENTHOOD AND PRECONCEPTION PLAN

17. PREPARE FOR PARENTHOOD

18. PHYSICAL PREPARATION Age more than 18 years for girls & 21 years for boys. Diet- She should not be anemic or malnourished. No hazards exposure: She should not be exposed to hazardous substances before & during pregnancy. Free of infections such as Rubella. Avoid contraceptive pills: She should discontinue oral contraceptives at least 3 and preferably 6 months before trying to get pregnant.

19. PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM Mentally the Couple should be prepared to have baby Loved and secured Away from violence Satisfactory relationship Mature enough by Brain

20. FINANCIAL PREPARATION The couple should prepare themselves to meet the increasing need of finance for the care required during pregnancy delivery and the entry of new comer.

21. Benefits of preconception care: Increased fertility for you and your partner (Even for older couples) Healthy conception, pregnancy and birth Reduced risk of miscarriage, premature birth or abnormality Decreased occurrence of common complaints such as morning sickness A successful alternative to assisted reproductive programs for many fertility problems May improve the success rate of IVF Increased chance of a natural, intervention free birth Reduced risk of post natal depression Successful and long term breast feeding Children those are healthy, intelligent, well balanced, and happy.

22. Special preconception advice in following specific cases : Obesity- Problem in Pregnancy : Neural tube defects, diabetes , cesarean section, high blood pressure. Preconception advice : Weight loss before pregnancy decreases the risks of this bad outcomes.

23. Thank you