Lesson;00 1 Philosophy Presentation.pptx

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1. INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON THE MEANING AND METHOD OF DOING PHILOSOPHY

2. OBJECTIVES: Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic perspective

3. What words come to mind when you hear the word Philosophy?

4. PHILOSOPY Is the study of general and fundamental questions, about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. In simple word is a way of thinking about the world the universe, and society. It works by asking very basic questions, about the nature of human thought, the nature of universe, and the connection between them

5. Is the study of humans and the world by thinking and asking questions. It is an science and an art Philosophy try to answer important questions by coming up with answers about real things and asking “why?” It is called science because the investigation is systematic. It follows certain steps or it employs certain procedures. In other words, it is an organized body of knowledge just like any other sciences.

6. Study of All Things - This sets the distinction between philosophy from other sciences. All other sciences concern themselves with a particular object of investigation. For example, anthropologists study human beings in relation with the society; sociologists study society, its form, structures, and functions; botanists focus their attention to plants; linguists limit themselves with language; theologians investigate God; whereas, a philosopher studies human beings, society, religion, language, God, and plants, among other a. concerns.

7. The word Philosophy comes from the G reek words: philos (love) sophia wisdom). The ancient Greeks used this terms to refer “to love of wisdom” and then soon applied it to the study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons and principles which govern all things.

8. PHILOSOPHERS Is an intellectual person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment. They study abut knowledge, truth and the nature and meaning of life The term philosopher comes from the Ancient Greek word “ philosophos ” meaning lover of wisdom

9. THE MOST NOTABLE ANCIENT GREEKS PHILOSPHER: PHYTAGORAS HERACLITUS DEMOCRITUS DEOGENES OF SINOPE EPICURUS SOCRATES PLATO ARISTOTLE

10. THE MOST NOTABLE ANCIENT GREEKS PHILOSPHER: PHYTAGORAS – (570 BCE to 495 BCE)- A Mathematician and Scientsst , he was credited with formulating the phytagorean theorem. Heraclitus – (535 BCE to 475 BCE) He proposed that everything that exist is based on a higher order or plan which he called logos.

11. Democritus – (460 – BCE to 475 BCE) – He devoted himself to study of the causes of natural phenomena. Diogenes of Sinope – (412 BCE – 232 BCE) He was a known advocate of living a simple and virtuous life. Epicurus (341 BCE to 323 BCE) He believed that Philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness

12. Socrates – (470 BCE – 399 BCE) He was considered the foremost Philosophers of ancient times. He was credited with formulating the socratis method – means of the examining a topic by devising a series of questions that let the learner examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the topic.

13. Plato – (427 BCE to 347 BCE) – a students of socrates he wrote down his mentor’s teaching and incorporated some of his own ideas into them. Plato’s most significant ideas included his theory of forms, which proposes that everything that exist is based on an idea or template

14. Than can only be perceived in the mind. Plato is also known for his dialectic- a method of inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrived at new knowledge. Plato’s lasting contribution to learning was his founding of the Academy, an Institution of higher learning.

15. Aristotle – (384 BCE – 322 BCE) he attended the Academy, and he was the prominent student of Plato. For him, all ideas and views are based on perception in our reality is based on what we can sense and perceive.

16. The Difference Between Holistic Perspective from a Partial Point of view. Holistic Point of View - Look at all aspects of the given problem or situation.

17. All aspects are given importance when amking conclusions. All aspects are tied in together to from a general overview of the problem or situation.

18. Example: A teacher listened first to both stories of her two arguing students before making any conclusion about the issue. Partial point of view: Looks only at a limited number

19. o f aspects of the given problem or situation. Conclusions are made based on considering some, but not at all, sides of the problem or situation. Examples: A teacher scolded student A after student B accused him of stealing

20. h er pencil. However, the teacher only listened to the story of student B, and not Student A before deciding to scold the student. Holistic thinking refers to a big picture mentality in which a person recognizes the interco -

21. n nectedness of various elements that form larger systems, patterns and objects. Thinking holistically is the opposite of analyzing something, which involves breaking down a larger system into its detail.

22. Holistic medicine is prominent example of holistic thinking. A medical professional who believes in holistic care considers the relationship between the mind, body and spirit.

23. example: holistic doctors don’t just provide patients with medications. Instead, they look at ways to improved life balance and eradicate health problems from their root source, such as high stress or bad nutrition.

24. In Philosophy point of view describes the perception of an event or phenomenon and how exactly it is viewed. Point of view often is shaped by an individual’s beliefs or experiences through partial thinking is useful,

25. Philosophy utilizes holistic thinking in making sense of problems and issues related to the human experience. P eople tend to apply an analytical perspective w hen looking at problems or situations.

26. a Holistic view give rise to a more appreciative perspective about life, as we are able to look at life in its totality.

27. The Value of Doing Philosophy in Obtaining a Broad Perspective on Life Doing Philosophy can be applied in day- to- day activities and life perspectives. Because it involves an evaluative process,

28. Doing philosophy allows a person to make better decision and act accordingly to situations with the help of various philosophical skills. On life perspectives, Philosophy enables reflecyive thinking which greatly influences a person’s view of life, challenges, and relationships

29. In doing philosophy, a holistic perspective on the subject is always required. Failure to do so or only using a partial point of view may led to illogical or incorrect conclusions.

30. Plato traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense of wonder. Whenever we are confronted with an experience , we always wonder how it came about. French philosopher Rene Discartes traced the need to philosphize to

31. doubt. In life, we will be faced with several ideas and arguments which present themselves as “truths” A critical and questioning perspective is necessary to determine if indeed those ideas or views are correct or true.

32. Swiss-German philosopher Karl Jaspers saw the need to philosophize because of experience. These experiences limit situation, philosophy provides us a means to understand adverse or challenging conditions. And to rise above them and gain new

33. knowledge and perspective. They need to philosophize is driven by love for wisdom. To love wisdom is to have an insatiable desire for truth. Philosophy itself is a district area of

34. knowledge with its own goals, concerns, ways of doing things. Branches of Philosophy (Deals with a particular aspect of life or phenomena Aesthetic – Is a branch of philosophy which deals with

35. beauty and what makes beautiful Logic – Is a brancg of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning. Epistemology – Discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing. Ethics – Is the branch which

36. deals with moral questions and dilemmas. Political Philosophy – Studies governments and deals with questions of justice, power and the rights and obligations of citizens.

37. Metaphysics – Deals with questions regarding reality and existence. Philosophy of the human person – Is an area in philosophy that understand the human person from a philosophical perspective.

38. Doing Philosophical Reflection on a Situation from Holistic Perspective Reflection requires requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, and actions and to learn more about one’s life and experiences.

39. Human self – reflection is the capacity of humans to exercise introspection and to attempt to learn more about their fundamental nature and essence. Philosophy has an important place in our daily lives. Engaging

40. i n philosophical reflection leads to the development of beneficial skills that individuals can apply in everyday situations. Reflection is vital in ensuring that actions and decisions are well thought out and are done with due

41. regard for the implications and consequences on ourselves, others, and our sorroundings . When we reflect, we can judge whether our actions or decisions are reasonable or not.

42. Dong Philosophy enables a person to engage in critical analysis and interpretation of concepts, definitions, arguments, and problems. Doing Philosophy also improves problem – solving and decision

43. making. The ability to analyze a problem or dilemma, identify the significant aspects, and come up with alternative solutions in an important skill learned through philosophy. In the process of doing philosophy,

44. i t is critical to have a holistic point of view – the perception of looking at all aspects of a situation first before making conclusion. Wisdom as it refers to a person’s ability to apply knowledge to daili life particularly in making sound

45. Choices and judgement is the intended product of philosophizing. Knowledge can contribute to self development.

46. Examples of Activities that emanated from a deliberate reflection Learning from your previous mistakes and not repeating them again Evaluating and knowing the best

47. Choice from a set of options Gaining a holistic point of view first before making any conclusion.