Lesson 1 Communication

Grade 11 English Oral Communication in Context

1. Introduction to Communication Julie Amara J. Mostoles Instructor 1 Central Bicol State University of Agriculture San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur

2. Write down as many forms as communication that you can find in the video clip

3. Can you think of an activity which does not require you to communicate? It is quite vital to our everyday lives.

4. Communication is an art, a science, a process, and a technique

5. Communication Human beings have a tendency to share/impart thoughts, impart information, persuade others in our beliefs, and show our love and affection.

6. According to Wood (2004) Communication is a systematic process in which individuals interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings. Wood’s definition suggest the qualities that are inherent in communication.

7. Qualities inherent/natural in communication Communication is a process Communication is systemic Communication is symbolic Communication involves meaning

8. Qualities inherent/natural in communication Communication is a process Creative Continuing condition of life Changes as the communicators’ environments and needs change Many words in English have become obsolete, trite, or altered New words have evolved

9. Nowadays we hear previously unheard-of blended words or mash ups Chillax ( chill+relax ) – calm down Frenemy ( friend+enemy ) – false friend Bromance ( brother+romance ) – close male relationship Telegenic ( television+photogenic ) – suitable manner and appearance for TV Emoticon ( emotion+icon ) – digital facial expression Meld ( melt+weld ) - combine

10. Qualities inherent/natural in communication Communication is systemic Occurs within systems of interrelated and interacting parts The various components of communication are linked to one another as parts of one system. The absence of any one of them can result to ineffective communication.

11. Qualities inherent/natural in communication Communication is symbolic Uses symbols (verbal or nonverbal) that are basis of language Verbal symbols are spoken (using voice and speech sounds) or written (using letters or characters). Nonverbal ones are employed and perceived through our body language voice quality while speaking.

12. Qualities inherent/natural in communication Body Language gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, posture, or touch Quality of voice Tone, pitch, rate, volume, and emphasis

13. Qualities inherent/natural in communication Communication involves meaning Meanings are assigned, given, or invented, not received Ex. Flags, crowns, crosses, and traffic signals (don’t contain meanings but their meanings are assigned to them) Physical and social environments can be given different meanings depending on our frame of reference.

14. Communication We invent meanings in countless social situations when we talk with people who share or oppose our purposes. But no matter what the context is, it is the production of meaning rather than the production of messages that identifies communication.

15. The Process of Communication

16. Communication Is made up of several components Its process is best understood if you know how these various components come into play in the stages of any communication situation.

17. Stage 1: Sending the Message Speaker/sender Source of the message that is encoded into symbols Message Any information or anything the sender wants to communicate by using a medium

18. Stage 1: Sending the Message Medium The form in which the speaker/sender conveys the message (speech, conversation, letter, email, blog, newspaper, book etc. through a channel)

19. Stage 1: Sending the Message Channel Mode, method, or means of sending or expressing the message (through any of the five senses – sight, hearing, tuch , smell, taste)

20. Stage 1: Sending the Message Channel m ay also be A sound and light waves in a face-to-face, in person speaking situation Digital audio and video signals in a mediated, with-a-remote-audience speaking situation

21. Stage 2: Receiving the Message Listener/receiver Gets and decodes the message Feedback Receiver’s response Affected by one’s frame of reference Varies from person to person

22. Stage 2: Receiving the Message Feedback Silence is considered a feedback Can be interpreted in many ways There is no such thing as “zero feedback.”

23. Stage 2: Receiving the Message Context Situation or environment Includes time, place, event, sender’s ad receiver’s feelings, perceptions, beliefs, attitudes and relationships

24. Stage 2: Receiving the Message Noise, interference, distraction Anything that impedes or gets in the way of accurately sending, receiving, and interpreting the message, whether it be internal (from sender or receiver) or external (from the environment)

25. Examples of Noise A teacher lectures while a passing train hoots its horns. A student reports in class where there is poor ventilation. A professor lectures and coughs continuously.

26. Question Question Explain the statement “Communication is vital to our daily lives.” What is “Frame of reference” in communication? Is it possible for two people to have exactly the same frame of reference? Defend your answer.

27. Question Question 3. Why is silence considered feedback? Do you agree that “there is no such thing as zero feedback?” Explain your answer. 4. We often hear people blurting out that a certain person’s message is “out of context.” Cite some instances where what is being mentioned in a conversation is “out of context.”

28. Identify the noise (external/internal) A student thinks about a quiz he has to take in the next class. A child busily plays with his tablet while his mom is giving him instructions A speaker in a seminar explains a certain product when a cellular phone rings.

29. Identify the noise (external/internal) 4. A student cannot concentrate on what the teacher is saying because he is suffering from migraine. 5. A student reports in class where there is poor ventilation.

30. Communication Models Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver’s Model (1948) Weiner’s Interactive Model Wilbur Schramm’s Communication Model (1955), considered the Father of Mass Communication Intermediary/ Gatekeeper Model

31. Models of Communication are diagrams that make you understand the process at a glance Guide you in understanding how communication works in different settings

32. Models of Communication The best way to understand communication is to see it graphically.

33. Aristotle’s Model of Communication (5 BC) First and earliest He is a teacher of rhetoric and even put up an academy to produce good speakers. The most important part f his model is the SETTING that dictates the message.

34. Aristotle’s Model (5 BC) Three Settings in Aristotle’s time Legal Meant courts – ordinary people defends themselves

35. Aristotle’s Model (5 BC) Deliberative Meant the political assemblies, the highest of which was the Roman Senate

36. Aristotle’s Model (5 BC) Ceremonial Meant the celebrations, occasions that call for speeches of welcome, poems of tribute or of eulogies, and poems of lament

37. Communication Models Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver’s Model (1948) Weiner’s Interactive Model Wilbur Schramm’s Communication Model (1955), considered the Father of Mass Communication Intermediary/ Gatekeeper Model

38. Functions of Communication in an Organization Inform Instruct Sharing of information Motivating Workers Leading the Organization Control Management

39. Barriers to Communication Noise Lack of planning Wrong or unclarified assumptions Semantic problems Cultural barriers Socio psychological barriers Emotions

40. Barriers to Communication Filtering Information Overload Loss by transmission ( Noise) Poor listening & retention Goal conflicts Offensive style Time & distance

41. Overcoming Barriers Sender Planning ideas Overcoming Different perceptions Language difference Inconsistent verbal & non verbal communication Emotionality

42. Overcoming Barriers Receiver Paying attention Active listening Open mind Overcoming prejudicial judgment & emotional constraints

43. Assignment Group activity (next meeting) Bring: whole black Cartolina Cut out pictures showing verbal and non verbal communications Glue Markers