LESSON-2-Cell-Organelles-and-Their-Functions.pptx

Cell organelles and their functions

1. and Their Functions

2. At the end of this lesson, you are expected to: 1.   Identify and describe the structure and functions of the different parts of the cell. 2.   Compare the structure of plant, animal and bacterial cell. 3. Appreciate how cellular structures play a vital role in body functions.  

3. The inventions of microscopes have opened up a whole new dimensions in science. What is a cell? How do these cells look and how they function? What processes take place in cells?

4. Onion cells as seen under a microscope

5. Cell Organelles and Their Functions Cell Organelles and Their Functions

6. Two Major Types of Cell

7. Types of Cells

8. Cell Membrane ( Plasma Membrane ) Extremely delicate, thin, elastic, living and semi-permeable membrane. Made up of two layers of lipid molecules in which protein molecules are floating. Can be observed under an electron microscope only.   Functions: Maintains shape and size of the cell ·   the boundary between the cell and its external environment; and ·   as a structure that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is a semipermeable membrane, that allows the entry of some substances, such as water and prevents the entry of others.

9. Protoplasm and Its Organelles The plasma or cell membrane encloses a mass of jellylike material called protoplasm. The protoplasm is a colorless or somewhat grayish, translucent, viscous substance that is capable of flowing. It is a colloid, can change its state from a semisolid gel to a semiliquid solution. Its texture also varies. It is composed of 20 % carbon, 10 % hydrogen, 62 percent oxygen, 3 % nitrogen, and 5 % trace elements.   Cytoplasm and Karyoplasm (Nucleoplasm) If a nucleus is present in a c ell, the protoplasm is differentiated into two: cytoplasm, where the protoplasm is lying outside the nucleus; and (2) karyoplasm or nucleoplasm, the protoplasm inside the nucleus.  

10. (Powerhouses of the Cell)

11. Ribosomes (Protein Factories of the Cell) Ribosomes are small granular structures made up of RNA and proteins. The RNA found in ribosomes is produced in the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm through the nuclear pores. Function: Involved in the production of proteins in a process called protein synthesis .  

12. (Manufacturers and Shippers of the Cell)

13. (Packaging Counters of the Cell)

14. ( Storage Tanks of the Cell )

15. (Suicide Bags of the Cell)

16. Centrosome and Centrioles (Helpers in Cell Division)

17. ( Control Center of the Cell )

18. (Framework of the Cell)

19. Specialized Structures in Cells Plant and animal cells may be similar in many of their features. Somehow, due to complexity in structures and also because of physiological reasons, some organelles are found in plant cells but are not found in animal cells. Do you know what these structures are?   Cell Wall Plastids – Chromoplasts and leucoplasts