Lesson 3 • Types of Cameras

Lesson 3 • Types of Cameras

1. Today, I will learn…
Types of cameras
Components of cameras
Pixels & Megapixels
Introduction to Exposure
Learning Goals

2. Types of Cameras
How many types of cameras can you think of?

3. Types of Cameras
Camera Obscura
Daguerreotype
Kodak & film
Instant Camera
SLR
Point & Shoot
Bridge/Prosumer*
DSLR
Smartphone
Mirrorless

4. Camera Obscura
A box with a small pinhole and photosensitive
paper; when pinhole is open, paper is exposed to
light
Versions of camera obscura used as early as the 16
th

century; telescopes would project images onto
walls in darkrooms
1816: Joseph Niépce first to combine camera obscura
with photosensitive paper and glass
1826/27: ‘View from the Window at Le Gras’

5. Daguerreotype
1838: Invented by Louis Dageurre
Chemically-treated steel/copper plate that
would react when exposed to light
Would take approximately 10 minutes to
develop/process an image

6. Kodak & Film
1884: George Eastman, developed dry gel on
paper, or film, to replace the photographic
plate; the first film roll
Portable, low in cost, and for the masses!
1901: Introduction of the Brownie portable
camera

7. 35mm Film
1934: Kodak introduced 35mm (a.k.a. 135mm)
film catridges
This became the standard for photography
and motion pictures
Also known as full-frame

8. Instant Camera
1923: A camera that developed in
a “portable” darkroom was
invented; too large and clunky
1948: The first commercial instant
camera is developed;
Polaroid Land

9. SLR
SLR = Single lens reflex
Uses penta-prism mirror to allow
photographer to see exactly what the lens sees
We’ll see how this works this later…
1959: Nikon F is world’s first SLR camera

10. Point & Shoot (Digital Camera)
1975: First digital camera, invented by Steve
Sasson; worked at Kodak
Small, compact, lightweight, user-friendly
(not that one , obviously!)
Non-interchangeable lens
Limited functionality
Small sensors (lower quality image)

11. Point & Shoot (Digital Camera)

12. Bridge/Prosumer*
More functionality than typical P&S
Typically, non-interchangeable lens
Small sensors (lower quality image)
A combo of P&S user-friendliness with more
advanced manual features of a DSLR

13. DSLR
1991: First commercial DSLR; Kodak DCS
100
DSLR = Digital single lens reflex
Works identically to the manual SLR
Replaces film with a digital sensor
Advanced functionality
Full frame & Crop-frame (full-sized sensor
vs. smaller, more compact sensor)
Crop Frame
Full Frame

14. How does the D/SLR work?

15. How does the D/SLR work?
Watch
Viewing Shooting

16. Mirrorless
MILC: Mirrorless Interchangeable-lens Camera
2004: Leica M, first MILC
Advantages;
More accurate representation of final image
Gets rid of the penta-prism mirror =
Lighter, smaller
Less parts, less expensive

17. Smartphone
2000: First camera phone; J-Phone
Initially, very limited;
Low quality
Low focus range
Extremely small sensor
Now, camera phones rival point &
shoots!

18. It’s not about the gear!

24. What is a
Pixel?
Digital bit of colour information
The smallest editable component of an
image

25. What is a
Pixel?

26. What is a
Megapixel?
A megapixel is a measurement of pixels by
the millions
1 megapixel = 1 million pixels
A 10 Megapixel camera can potentially have
10 million pixels within a single image

27. What is a
Megapixel?
You can calculate a megapixel by
multiplying the image’s width and height in
pixels;
For example;
4752 px wide X 3168 px high =
15,054,336 pixels or
15 megapixels

28. Exposure

29. What is
Exposure?
In photography, exposure is the amount of
light in your image.
Exposure can be determined by three key
factors:
Aperture
Shutter Speed
ISO

30. Role-Reversal
In small groups, you will get one key term related to
exposure
Your job is to teach and test the class about these terms
in a creative way:
Teach: PowerPoint or Prezi
Test: Kahoot! Game or Socrative Quiz
And, design a reference sheet regarding your term

31. Role-Reversal
Within your lesson, be visual!
For example;
Present to the class what the difference between an
image with a low ISO vs. high ISO

32. Role-Reversal
Test your classmates’ knowledge of your key exposure
term by including 2-3 questions that are related to that
key term using a game or quiz.
For example:What are common resolutions in digital
displays?
You will present your ‘lesson’ and test your class