Lesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and Ears.pptx

Lesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and EarsLesson 8-Eye and Ears

1. The Eye: A Window to the World The eye is a complex organ that allows us to see. It works by focusing light onto the retina, which sends signals to the brain. by Gavin Malala

2. Cornea The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped outer layer of the eye. It acts as the eye's primary refractive surface, bending light as it enters the eye. Protection The cornea protects the delicate inner structures of the eye from dust, debris, and other environmental hazards. Clarity It is transparent, allowing light to pass through it easily. The cornea's clarity is essential for clear vision. Healing The cornea has a remarkable ability to heal itself from minor scratches and abrasions.

3. Iris The iris is the colored part of the eye. It controls the size of the pupil, which regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Pigment The color of the iris is determined by the amount and type of pigment present. Muscle The iris contains muscles that control the size of the pupil. Light Regulation The iris contracts in bright light to reduce the amount of light entering the eye. It dilates in dim light to let in more light.

4. Pupil The pupil is the black circle in the center of the iris. It is an opening that allows light to pass through to the lens and retina. 1 Light Control The pupil constricts in bright light to limit the amount of light entering the eye. It dilates in dim light to allow more light to enter. 2 Focusing The pupil helps the lens to focus light on the retina, which is necessary for clear vision. 3 Emotions The pupil can dilate in response to emotional stimuli, such as fear or excitement.

5. Pupil The pupil is the black circle in the center of the iris. It is an opening that allows light to pass through to the lens and retina. 1 Light Control The pupil constricts in bright light to limit the amount of light entering the eye. It dilates in dim light to allow more light to enter. 2 Focusing The pupil helps the lens to focus light on the retina, which is necessary for clear vision. 3 Emotions The pupil can dilate in response to emotional stimuli, such as fear or excitement.

6. Eye anatomy

7. Lens The lens is a transparent structure located behind the pupil. It helps to focus light on the retina. Focusing The lens can change its shape to focus light on the retina, allowing us to see objects at different distances. Accommodation The process of changing the lens's shape to focus on objects at different distances is called accommodation. Age-Related Changes As we age, the lens can become less flexible, making it harder to focus on nearby objects.

8. Lens The lens is a transparent structure located behind the pupil. It helps to focus light on the retina. Focusing The lens can change its shape to focus light on the retina, allowing us to see objects at different distances. Accommodation The process of changing the lens's shape to focus on objects at different distances is called accommodation. Age-Related Changes As we age, the lens can become less flexible, making it harder to focus on nearby objects.

9. Part Definition Cornea The clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina. Pupil The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye. Iris The colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Lens A transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina, changing shape for near or far vision. Retina The innermost layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals. Optic Nerve The nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

10. Part Definition Cornea The clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina. Pupil The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye. Iris The colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Lens A transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina, changing shape for near or far vision. Retina The innermost layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals. Optic Nerve The nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

11. Part Definition Cornea The clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina. Pupil The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye. Iris The colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Lens A transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina, changing shape for near or far vision. Retina The innermost layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals. Optic Nerve The nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

12. Part Definition Cornea The clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina. Pupil The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye. Iris The colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Lens A transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina, changing shape for near or far vision. Retina The innermost layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals. Optic Nerve The nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

13. Part Definition Cornea The clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina. Pupil The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye. Iris The colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Lens A transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina, changing shape for near or far vision. Retina The innermost layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals. Optic Nerve The nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

14. Lens The lens is a transparent structure located behind the pupil. It helps to focus light on the retina. Focusing The lens can change its shape to focus light on the retina, allowing us to see objects at different distances. Accommodation The process of changing the lens's shape to focus on objects at different distances is called accommodation. Age-Related Changes As we age, the lens can become less flexible, making it harder to focus on nearby objects.

15. Part Definition Sclera The white outer layer of the eye that provides protection and structure. Choroid A layer between the retina and sclera containing blood vessels that supply nutrients to the eye. Vitreous Humor The clear gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina, maintaining the eye's shape. Aqueous Humor The clear fluid in the front part of the eye (between the cornea and lens) that helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients. Fovea A small pit in the retina that contains a high concentration of cones, responsible for sharp central vision. Macula The area surrounding the fovea, responsible for central vision and color perception. Ciliary Body A structure that produces aqueous humor and controls the shape of the lens for focusing. Puncta Tiny openings on the eyelids that allow tears to drain from the eye into the nasal cavity.

16. Part Definition Sclera The white outer layer of the eye that provides protection and structure. Choroid A layer between the retina and sclera containing blood vessels that supply nutrients to the eye. Vitreous Humor The clear gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina, maintaining the eye's shape. Aqueous Humor The clear fluid in the front part of the eye (between the cornea and lens) that helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients. Fovea A small pit in the retina that contains a high concentration of cones, responsible for sharp central vision. Macula The area surrounding the fovea, responsible for central vision and color perception. Ciliary Body A structure that produces aqueous humor and controls the shape of the lens for focusing. Puncta Tiny openings on the eyelids that allow tears to drain from the eye into the nasal cavity.

17. Part Definition Sclera The white outer layer of the eye that provides protection and structure. Choroid A layer between the retina and sclera containing blood vessels that supply nutrients to the eye. Vitreous Humor The clear gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina, maintaining the eye's shape. Aqueous Humor The clear fluid in the front part of the eye (between the cornea and lens) that helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients. Fovea A small pit in the retina that contains a high concentration of cones, responsible for sharp central vision. Macula The area surrounding the fovea, responsible for central vision and color perception. Ciliary Body A structure that produces aqueous humor and controls the shape of the lens for focusing. Puncta Tiny openings on the eyelids that allow tears to drain from the eye into the nasal cavity.

18. Part Definition Sclera The white outer layer of the eye that provides protection and structure. Choroid A layer between the retina and sclera containing blood vessels that supply nutrients to the eye. Vitreous Humor The clear gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina, maintaining the eye's shape. Aqueous Humor The clear fluid in the front part of the eye (between the cornea and lens) that helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients. Fovea A small pit in the retina that contains a high concentration of cones, responsible for sharp central vision. Macula The area surrounding the fovea, responsible for central vision and color perception. Ciliary Body A structure that produces aqueous humor and controls the shape of the lens for focusing. Puncta Tiny openings on the eyelids that allow tears to drain from the eye into the nasal cavity.

19. Part Definition Sclera The white outer layer of the eye that provides protection and structure. Choroid A layer between the retina and sclera containing blood vessels that supply nutrients to the eye. Vitreous Humor The clear gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina, maintaining the eye's shape. Aqueous Humor The clear fluid in the front part of the eye (between the cornea and lens) that helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients. Fovea A small pit in the retina that contains a high concentration of cones, responsible for sharp central vision. Macula The area surrounding the fovea, responsible for central vision and color perception.

20. Part Definition Ciliary Body A structure that produces aqueous humor and controls the shape of the lens for focusing. Puncta Tiny openings on the eyelids that allow tears to drain from the eye into the nasal cavity.

21. Part Definition Ciliary Body A structure that produces aqueous humor and controls the shape of the lens for focusing. Puncta Tiny openings on the eyelids that allow tears to drain from the eye into the nasal cavity.

22. Retina The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. It contains photoreceptor cells that convert light into electrical signals. Rods Sensitive to low light levels Responsible for black and white vision Cones Sensitive to bright light Responsible for color vision

23. Retina The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. It contains photoreceptor cells that convert light into electrical signals. Rods Sensitive to low light levels Responsible for black and white vision Cones Sensitive to bright light Responsible for color vision

24. The Ears: An opening the organ of hearing and balance in humans and other vertebrates, especially the external part of this. by Gavin Malala

25. Parts of the Ear The ear is a complex organ that allows us to hear and maintain our balance. It consists of three main parts: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. 1 Outer Ear The outer ear is responsible for collecting sound waves and channeling them into the ear canal. 2 Middle Ear The middle ear contains three tiny bones (ossicles) that amplify sound vibrations and transmit them to the inner ear. 3 Inner Ear The inner ear contains the cochlea, a spiral-shaped organ that converts sound vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain.

26. Parts of the Ear The ear is a complex organ that allows us to hear and maintain our balance. It consists of three main parts: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. 1 Outer Ear The outer ear is responsible for collecting sound waves and channeling them into the ear canal. 2 Middle Ear The middle ear contains three tiny bones (ossicles) that amplify sound vibrations and transmit them to the inner ear. 3 Inner Ear The inner ear contains the cochlea, a spiral-shaped organ that converts sound vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain. 1. the external part of the ear in humans and other mammals; the auricle. 2. passageway that leads from the outside of the head to the tympanic membrane, or eardrum membrane, of each ear 3. It separates the outer ear from the middle ear 4. are three small bones in the middle ear that transmit air vibrations from the outer ear into the inner ear, so they can be processed as sound 5. connects the middle ear cavity with the nasopharynx 6. the spiral cavity of the inner ear containing the organ of Corti , which produces nerve impulses in response to sound vibrations. 7. apparatus of the inner ear involved in balance

27. Outer Ear The outer ear is the visible part of the ear. It consists of the pinna and the ear canal. The pinna collects sound waves and directs them into the ear canal. The ear canal is a tube that carries sound waves to the eardrum. Pinna The pinna is the visible part of the ear. It acts as a funnel to gather sound waves and direct them towards the ear canal. Ear Canal The ear canal is a short, narrow tube that connects the pinna to the eardrum. It amplifies sound waves and protects the middle ear from foreign objects. Eardrum The eardrum is a thin, membrane-like structure that vibrates in response to sound waves. It separates the outer ear from the middle ear.

28. Middle Ear The middle ear is a small, air-filled chamber located behind the eardrum. It contains three tiny bones called ossicles: the malleus, the incus, and the stapes. Malleus The malleus, also known as the hammer, is attached to the eardrum and vibrates in response to sound waves. Incus The incus, also known as the anvil, transmits vibrations from the malleus to the stapes. Stapes The stapes, also known as the stirrup, is the smallest bone in the human body. It transmits vibrations from the incus to the oval window of the inner ear.

29. Inner Ear The inner ear is the innermost part of the ear. It contains the cochlea, a spiral-shaped organ responsible for hearing, and the vestibular system, which is responsible for balance. 1 Cochlea The cochlea is a spiral-shaped organ that converts sound vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain. 2 Vestibular System The vestibular system is responsible for balance. It contains fluid-filled chambers and sensors that detect changes in head position and movement. 3 Hearing and Balance The inner ear plays a vital role in both hearing and balance.

30. Inner Ear The inner ear is the innermost part of the ear. It contains the cochlea, a spiral-shaped organ responsible for hearing, and the vestibular system, which is responsible for balance. 1 Cochlea The cochlea is a spiral-shaped organ that converts sound vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain. 2 Vestibular System The vestibular system is responsible for balance. It contains fluid-filled chambers and sensors that detect changes in head position and movement. 3 Hearing and Balance The inner ear plays a vital role in both hearing and balance.

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