LESSON NO. 11 THE EFFECT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE ENVIRONMENT.pptx

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1. EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURE ON ENVIRONMENT Prepared by: RUBIE ROSE V. DAGUIO BSED SCIENCE 2

2. At the end of the lesson the student should be able to know the effects of agriculture on environment. The students will learn how to minimize the effects of agriculture OBJECTIVES:

3. What is agriculture? Agriculture refers to the practice of rearing domestic animals and crops with the goal of food production. The art and science of growing plants and other crops and the raising of animals for food, other human needs, or economic gain.

4. It is the science and art or occupation concerned with cultivating land, raising crops, and feeding, breeding, and raising livestock; farming.

5. Impacts of agriculture on the environment: Pollution Soil Degradation Deforestation Biodiversity Wasteful Water Consumption

6. Pollution The use of pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals has increased hugely since 1950s. Toxic pesticides: Pesticides often don’t just kill the target pest, pesticides can also kill soil microorganisms.

7. Excess nutrient: Fertilizers are not directly toxic. However, their presence in freshwater and marine areas alters the nutrient system.

8. Soil Degradation In all ecosystems, the biodiversity held in soil is massive. Healthy soil are vital to creating sample food production.

9. Landslide caused by rain and flowing water in hilly areas and deforestation, overgrazing and faulty cultural practices in the forest and other plain areas expose the soil to water and wind erosion. The water logging due to rising water table, particularly along the rivers, rendering soil unfit for cultivation.

10. Kinds of land degradation: Deficiency of soil nutrients due to intensive cultivation. Imbalance in soil nutrients particularly the deficiency of micro-nutrients.

11. Decline in the organic matter in soil. Deforestation and overgrazing of Pasteur’s causing exposure of soil to water and wind erosion.

12. Deforestation -Deforestation provides more land for crops and pasture. - Deforestation enhances the effects of climate change.

13. -Destruction of habitat amongst species also leads to fragmentation and depletion. -Extensive deforestation affects the water cycle, which results in interferences with precipitation.

14. biodiversity The crops showing high profits are covering more area while the less profitable ones are rapidly declining, creating a number of environmental problems. The depletion of vegetative cover such as grass lands and forest tree species and similarly extinction of wild animals, birds and insects is matter of concern.

15. Land Conversion & Habitat Loss A major and growing land use: Agriculture is a major land use. Farmland covers 38% of the world’s land area. The area is still expanding to meet demand for food.

16. Natural habitats converted to monocultures: Rising the demand of food and other agricultural products has seen large-scale clearing of natural habitats to make room for extensive monocultures.

17. Fresh water is also affected: Waste water of fields also effect to the water of river, ocean, etc. Land lost to desertification: On top of habitat loss due to clearing, unsustainable agricultural practices are seeing 12 million hectares of land lost each year to desertification.

18. Wasteful Water Consumption Agriculture, the greatest user of water: Globally, the agricultural sector consumes about 70% of the planet’s accessible freshwater more than twice that of industry (23%), dwarfing municipal use (8%).

19. Wasteful and unsustainable: The main causes of wasteful water use are: Leaky irrigation systems Wasteful field application methods Cultivation of thirsty crops not suited to the environment.

20. How can the environmental impacts of agriculture be minimized? The key to protecting the environment against the harmful effects of extensive and unsafe agricultural practices is through sustainable practices. Sustainable farming incorporates both the conservation of available resources as well as employing farming practices aimed at environmental protection.

21. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!!