Lesson plan of DIABETES MELLITUS

Lesson plan of DIABETES MELLITUS

1. LESSON PLAN
ON
DIABETES MELLITUS













PRESENTED BY
SWATILEKHA DAS

2. TIME SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES
CONTENT TEACHING
LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
AV AIDS EVALUATION
1
min






1
min











1min.







Group will be able to
introduce the topic.






To explain the brief
anatomy of pancreas.











To define the topic.



INTRODUCTION
Diabetes is a condition that results
from lack of the hormone insulin in a
person's blood, or when the body has a
problem using the insulin it produces
(insulin resistance).


BRIEF ANATOMY OF
PANCREAS
The pancreas is a long, slender organ,
most of which is located posterior to
the bottom half of the stomach. The
pancreas has an endocrine function.
Its pancreatic islets—clusters of cells
formerly known as the islets of
Langerhans—secrete the hormones
glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and
pancreatic polypeptide (PP).


DEFINITION OF DIABETES
MELLITUS
Diabetes mellitus is a group of
metabolic disorders characterized by
elevated levels of blood
glucose(hyperglycemia) resulting from
defects in insulin production &
secretion, decreased cellular response
to insulin or both.



Lecture







Lecture












Lecture cum discussion.

White board, marker
pen






White board, marker
pen











White board, marker.






















What is Diabetes
Mellitus?

3. TIME SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES
CONTENT TEACHING
LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
AV AIDS EVALUATION
4 min




4 min









2 min








2
min
To Describe the
pathophysiology of
Diabetes Mellitus


To describe the types
of Diabetes Mellitus.








To list down the risk
factors.







To list out the clinical
manifestations of
Diabetes Mellitus.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF
DIABETES MELLITUS



TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS
1. Type 1 (Insulin Dependent
Diabetes Mellitus)- 5-10%
patients have type 1 diabetes.
2. Type 2(formerly Non-Insulin
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus)-
90-95% patients have type 2
diabetes.


RISK FACTORS

o Obesity
o Race
o Hypertension
o Physical activity
o Familial history
o Gestational diabetes

CLINICAL MANIFSTATIONS
o Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia
o Fatigue, weakness, sudden vision
changes, tingling or numbness in
hands or feet, dry skin, sores that
heal slowly and recurrent
infection
o Onset of type 1 diabetes may be
associated with nausea, vomiting,
or stomach pains
o Increased blood glucose level
Lecture cum
discussion.



Lecture cum
discussion.








Discussion.








Lecture cum
discussion.

Chart




White board, marker.









White board, marker.








Flash Cards
What is the
pathophysiology of
Diabetes Mellitus?


What are the types of
Diabetes Mellitus?








What causes Diabetes
Mellitus?







What are the clinical
manifestations of
Diabetes Mellitus?

4. TIME SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES
CONTENT TEACHING
LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
AV AIDS EVALUATION
2
Min












4 min










1 min
To enumerate the
description of each
diagnostic tests.











To explain the
management of
Diabetes Mellitus.








To list out the
complications of
Diabetes Mellitus.
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

1. Fasting plasma glucose
tolerance test
2. Oral glucose tolerance
test(OGTT)
3. Glycosylated
Hemoglobin(HbA1c)
4. Urinalysis(Glycosuria,
Ketone bodies)
5. Urine for
Protein/microalbuminuria-
Dipstick method

MANAGEMENT
1. MEDICAL TREATMENT
Type 1- Insulin
Type 2 – Oral Hypoglycemic agents

2. NUTRITIONAL
MANAGEMENT

3. EXERCISE


COMPLICATIONS OF
DIABETES MELLITUS
o Diabetic Ketoacidosis
o Hypoglycemia
o HHNS ( Hyperglycemic
Hyperosmolar Nonketotic
Syndrome)

Lecture cum discussion.













Discussion










Discussion
White board and marker













White board and marker










White board and marker








What are the
diagnostic tests of
Diabetes Mellitus?











What are the
management of
Diabetes Mellitus?








What are the
complications of
Diabetes Mellitus?

5. TIME SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES
CONTENT TEACHING
LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
AV AIDS EVALUATION
1 min






2 min





3 min






1
min





1
min
To describe the
prevention.





To describe the Health
Education of Diabetes.




To describe the
nursing management





To summarize the
topic.






To conclude the topic.
PREVENTION
For obese patients especially those
with type 2 Diabetes: weight loss is
the key to treatment and the major
preventive factor the development of
Diabetes.

HEALTH EDUCATION
o Assess learning needs
o Explain surviving skills
o Counseling
o Home care management

NURSING MANAGEMENT
Assessment
Diagnosis
Goal
Plan of Intervention
Expected outcome

SUMMARIZATION
Today, we have discussed about
brief anatomy, etiological factors,
pathophysiology, clinical
manifestations, assessment , medical
management , nursing management,
of Diabetes Mellitus.

CONCLUSION
The most important goal in diabetes is
to keep the blood glucose level as
close to normal as possible.
Lecture






Lecture cum discussion





Lecture cum discussion
White board, marker
pen.





White board, marker
pen.




White board, marker
pen.
What are the
prevention & health
education of Diabetes?










What are the Nursing
management of
Diabetes Mellitus?

6. BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Smeltzer SC, Bare BG. Brunner and suddarth’s textbook of medical surgical nursing. 10
th
ed. Philadelphia:
Lippincott william and wikkins.
2. Nettina MS. Lippincott manual of nursing practice. ed. New Delhi: Jaypee brothers medical publishers;
2006.
3. Bucher L, O’Brien PG, Dirksen SR, Heitkemper MMc, Lewis SL. Lewis’s medical-surgical nursing:
assessment and management of clinical problems. 7
th
ed. USA: Elsevier, a division of reed elsevier india
private limited; 2004.
4. Black JM, Hawks JH. Medical surgical nursing. 7
th
ed. India: Reed elsevier; 2005.