life of prophet mohammad SWS for understand

life of prophet

1. Life of prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Presented By: Zulfikar Shaikh

2. Life of prophet In Makkah History of Makkah Pre Islamic Makkah Birth of prophet Muhammad Childhood Trips to Syria Marriage Prophet hood (first revelation) Person to Person preaching Open preaching Quraysh plan to defame prophet /popularity.. Persecution of Muslims / Migration to Abyssinia. Social boycott (3 years)/Death of Abutalib & Maa Khadija Taif journey Isra / Meeraj Bayt Aqaba ula / Saniya Hijrat

3. History of Makkah Barren land Prophet Abrahams Family Safa Marwa Zamzam etc.. Prophet Ishmael Descendants only one prophet Construction of Kaaba Prophet Abraham’ Dua “Our Lord, and send among them a messenger from themselves who will recite to them Your verses and teach them the Book and wisdom and purify them. Indeed, You are the Exalted in Might, the Wise.“ [Quran 2:129]

4. Pre Islamic Makkah Kaaba built for worship of one Allah had 360 Idols ( Laat / Manaat / Ubal etc..) Fight for minor issues goes through generations Wine was widespread Naked tawaf around Kaaba Female child buried Alive Powerful oppress weak Prostitution was rampant Killing enemy and drinking wine in enemy’s skull

5. Birth of prophet Sura Fil (Army of Abraha) who tried to destroy Kaaba Prophet Was born same year Dates differed between 9 / 12 etc.. Lineage of prophet Muhammad.. Father Name Abdullah Mother Name Ameena Grandfather name Abdul Mutalib Haleema Sadia (foster mother)

6. Childhood

7. Trips to Syria At the age of 12 prophet accompanied Abu talib with trade caravan to Syria Buhaira Rahib (Christian monk) recognizes prophet. Prophet returns back . For Trade with Maa Khadija ( r.a )

8. Marriage Prophet known in Makkah as a sincere and honest person Khadija( r.a ) wealthy merchant offered prophet to trade her merchandise Impressed with the sincerity Sent proposal through someone which Prophet accepted Nikah khutba by Abu Talib Age of prophet 25 Age of Maa Khadija 40 and widow twice Lead happy married life.

9. Brief Description of the Event Birth of his daughter Zainab 30 Years Birth of his son Qasim 28 Years Birth of his daughter Ruqayya 33 Years Birth of his daughter Um Kalthum 34 years Birth of his daughter Fatima 35 years Age of the Prophet according to Lunar Calendar (Approximate Date) Renovation of Ka'aba 35 years

10. Prophet hood (first revelation) Prophet pondering over Makkah situation /creator etc.. Prophet in seclusion at cave Hira. Angel Jibrael visit First 5 verses of Quran Revealed Prophet shivering / cover me Maa Khadija highlights his good character Waraqa bin naufal Bible Isaiah 29:12 “And the book is delivered to him that is not learned, saying, Read this, I pray thee: and he saith, I am not learned.” 1:Padho (Aey Nabi) apne Rubb ke naam ke saath Jisne paida kiya. 2:Jamey huey khoon ke ek lothdey se Insan ki takhliq ki. 3:Padho aur tumhara Rubb bada kareem hai 4:jisne qalam ke zariya se ilm sikhaya. 5:Insan ko woh ilm diya jisey woh na jaanta tha.

11. Person to person preaching After about six months of the first revelation Prophet Muhammad( pbuh ) receives the second revelation. “O you (Muhammad) enveloped in garments! Arise and warn! And magnify your Lord ( Allaah )! And purify your garments! And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)!” [al- Muddathir 74:1-5] .’” For First three years prophet was commanded secret preaching and to close ones. Early reverts approx. 40 Khadija / Zaid bin harith / Abu Bakr / Ali / Othman / Zubair / Abdur Rahman bin auf / Saad bin abi Waqqas / Abdullah bin Masood/ Sa‘id bin Zaid and his wife Fatima bin Khattab / khabbab etc.. “ Daar e Arqam ”

12. Open preaching "And warn your tribe [O Muhammad (Peace be upon him) ] of near kindred." [26:214] “ Twice prophet gathered his family and invited them towards Islam. On Mount Safa “He said: "I am a warner to you before a severe torment.“ Abu lahab response… Societies weaker people embraced Islam… faced persecution Enemies of Islam…. Abu Lahab / Abu Jahl / Umaiyya / Waleeb bin Mugeera /Abu Sufiyan (later embraced Islam)

13. Quraish plan to defame prophet /publicity Quraish tries to convince abu Taleb to intervene. Hajj season was nearing Quraish had advisory meeting to publicize one negative opinion about prophet under Waleed bin Mugeera . Options : Kahin , i.e., soothsayer / Majnoon ( possed by Jinn) / Poet / witchcraft. agreed to propagate one uniform formula to the effect that he was a magician so powerful and commanding in his art that he would successfully alienate son from father, man from his brother, wife from her husband and man from his clan. With false propaganda name of prophet was made famous by pagans and people were curious to know or meet him.

14. Persecution of Muslims / Migration to Abyssinia . Those embraced Islam were persecuted fourth year of Prophet-hood onwards. Sumaiya ( r.a ) first women martyr of Islam. Bilal ( r.a ) , Yasir , Ammar bin yasir .. Khabab bin arath ( ra ) 5 th Year , 12 men and four women….. 'Uthman bin ' Affan and his wife Ruqaiyah [the daughter of the Prophet ( sas )].  Second Migration ….. eighty-three men and eighteen to nineteen women. In Najjashi court… and asylum in abysinia

15. Powerful people to embrace Islam Hazrat Ameer Hamza ( r.a ) Embraced Islam. Hazrat Umar ( r.a ) Embraces Islam in 6 th year after dua from prophet Quraish offer through ' Utbah bin Rabi'a [ wealth / kingship etc ] ( Prophets response sura haa meem sajda ) Abu Jahl etc.. Tires in vain to negotiate with Abu Talib. “ Prophet said " O my uncle! by Allâh if they put the sun in my right hand and the moon in my left on condition that I abandon this course, I would not abandon it until Allah has made me victorious, or I perish therein , “

16. GENERAL SOCIAL BOYCOTT: Bani Hashim and Bani Al-Muttalib No business dealings No inter- marriage Social relations / visits No Verbal contacts “until the Prophet (Peace be upon him) was given up to them to be killed” Was written and suspended in Kaaba For 3 years boycott continued, and Muslims were confined in valley ( sheib e abi talib )

17. Boycott ends… year of grief After three years of boycott ants had eaten away all except name of Allah. Abu talib negotiates to lift ban or offers to give prophet to kill if proven wrong. Final negotiation before Abu talibs death.. Two strong supporters Abu Talib and Maa Khadija ( r.a ) death. 10 th Year marked as aamul huzn year of grief..

18. Taif Journey After death of Abu talib Abu Lahab becomes chief of tribe. Removes prophet from tribal protection. Visited taif for Dawah and protection (similar to yathrib ) Was forced to leave taif and was stoned .. Dua and Jibrael Etc.. Jinns embrace Islam. Returns to Makkah under protection of Al- Mut‘im bin ‘Adi.

19. Islam spreads in Tribes

20. Isra & Meeraj 12 th year or one year before migration . majority of jurists is in favor of a date between 16-12 months prior to migration to Madinah. The Prophet’s heart extracted and washed with the water of Zamzam — a sacred spring in Makkah. Makkah to Jerusalem – ISRA and From Jerusalem to heavens – Meeraj . 5 times Salah ordained.

21. Bayt Aqabah First pledge : twelve disciples ready to acknowledge Muhammad as their Prophet. In 12 th year Mus‘ab bin ‘Umair (May Allah be pleased with him) the first Muslim ambassador’ to teach the people there the doctrines of Islam. Second Pledge : 13 th year of prophethood seventy reverts pledged alliance and invited prophet to Yathrib KEY POINTS “1 .To listen and obey in all sets of circumstances. 2. To spend in plenty as well as in scarcity. 3. To enjoin good and forbid evil. 4. In Allâh’s service, you will fear the censure of none. 5. To defend me in case I seek your help, and debar me from anything you debar yourself, your spouses and children from. And if you observe those precepts, Paradise is in store for you.

22. Hijrat /Migration to Medina left his house on Safar 27th, the fourteenth year of Prophethood Prophet migrated to medina with hazrat abu bakr siddiq Reward of 100 Red camels announced Pigeon & Spider web Reward to bring dead or alive Cave of soor …………. Etc …….

23. Life of prophet In Medina Arrival in Medina at Quba (Rabbi ul Awal ) Major Tribes and people of medina. Establishment of Islamic State and constitutional agreement of Medina Jihad Permission Gazwa -e- Badr Gazwa -e- Uhud Banu Qainqah extradition Ghazwa Banu Nazir . Gazwa Ahzab Peace Treaty of Hudaybiya Gazwa e Khyber Fateh Makkah Tabuk Farewell Hajj Passing away

24. Medina period The Madina era could be divided into three phases : Phase 1 . The first phase was characterized by too much trouble and discord, and too many obstacles from within coupled by a hostile wave aiming at total extermination of the rising faith. It ended with Al- Hudaibiyah Peace Treaty in Dhul Qa‘da 6 A.H. Phase 2 .The second phase featured a truce with the pagan leadership and ended in the conquest of Makkah in Ramadan 8 A.H. Phase 3 . In the third phase, people came to embrace Islam in hosts. Tribes and other folks arrived in Madinah to pay homage to the Prophet (Peace be upon him). It ended at the death of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) in Rabi‘ Al- Awwal 11 A.H.

25. Medina society Major Tribes : Aus & Khazraj Jewish Tribes : Banu Qainqah Banu Nadeer Banu Quraiza Munafiqeen ( Hypocrites ) Abdullah bin ubay sulool (leader) [Quran revelation focuses on Jews / Christians /Hypocrites [Sura baqara Al-Imran, Al-Maida Etc..]

26. Yathrib-Medina

27. PHASE-1 Hijrat to Hudaybiya

28. Arrival in Medina Arrived in Medina through Quba . Ansar girls Welcome with Nasheed ( Talaal baadru Alaina ) First masjid (Masjid e Quba ) Stayed at Abu Ayyub Ansari. Constructed Masjid e Quba Masjid e Nabuvi . Brotherhood between Ansar and Muhajir

29. Medina State /Charter ( Meesak -e-Medina) First Written charter or constitution Jews Muslims and all tribes will be one nation. The Jews will profess their religion, and the Muslims theirs. The wronged party shall be aided. The Jews shall contribute to the cost of war so long as they are fighting alongside the believers. Should any disagreement arise between the signatories to this treaty, then Allah, the All-High and His Messenger shall settle the dispute. Each shall contribute to defending Madinah, in case of a foreign attack, in its respective area.

30. Battle of Badr Permissibility of Jihad 2 nd Hijri

31. Battle of Badr Battle of Badr [Ramadan 17th., the year 2 A.H] Reason for battle of Badr . Mission was to intercept caravan led by Abu Sufiyan. 14 Muslim Shaheed, 70 Makkans (20 chiefs i.e. Abu jahl , Waleed bin mugeera etc..)killed and 70 captives

32. Ahkamat / Laws -- 2 Hijri Tahweel –e-Qibla --- Change direction from Aqsa to Makkah Fasting of Ramadan First Eid- ul -Fitr Sadqa -e-Fitr Eid ul Adha Qurbani

33. Expulsion of Banu Qaynqah Shawwal 2 nd Hijri Jealous of Muslims and Victory in Badr .  Jew tied the hem of the garment of a Muslim woman who was in their market-place, in such a way that when she stood up, she was uncovered and she screamed. One of the Muslims came and killed the Jew who had done it. Then the Jews attacked the Muslim and killed him. Abdullah bin ubay assures of help with 2000 men. 15 days siege. Agreed to leave Medina.

34. Battle of uhud To Take revenge of Badr . [3 rd Hijri] 1000 Muslims including 300 Hypocrites who separated before battle. War Strategy , fifty archers  on mountain. Early win and later changed to Hugh loss due to mistake by companions. Khalid bin Waleed with horsemen attacks muslims . 70 sahaba martyred.. [Amir Hamza ( r.a ) etc.] Surrounding Enemies of Islam’s morale boosted. 70 learned companions martyred.

35. Ahkamat / Laws -- 3 Hijri Prohibition of Intoxication Law of inheritance ( virasat ) Prohibition of Marrige with Mushrik women

36. 4 th Hijri Waqiya e Raji A delegate of six people from the tribes of Adal and Qara asks to send learned companions to teach Islam in their tribe…. Martys 7 , 3 sold in Makkah Bair e mauna --- 70 learned companions were sent all martyred except 2. Prophet parayed qunut e nazila for approx. 40 days cursing those who killed companions.

37. Expulsion Banu Nadir Prophet visits banu Nadir to ask help to pay blood money. Jews plan to kill prophet ( Pbuh ). Jews execute plan , Jibrael ( a.s. ) informs prophet. Seige of Bani Nadir. First Resistance than surrender .  Agreed to leave Medina after taking their women and children with them in a convoy of 600 camels, as well as their movable assets. More Details mentioned in Sura 59 Al- Hashr .

38. Battle of Trench ( Ahzab / Khandaq ) Conspired / Architect basically Jews [5th hijri ] Force of Ten to Twelve thousand enemies ( Quraish , Banu Saleem , Ghatfan , Bani Murrah ) Trend dug on suggestion of Hazrat Salman Farsi

39. Battle of Trench ( Ahzab / Khandaq ) Banu Quraiza Betrays Muslims. [ Huay bin Akhtab convinces] “And when the eyes grew wild and the hearts reached to the throats, and you were harbouring doubts about Allah. There, the believers were tried and shaken with a mighty shaking.” [33:10,11] Hazrat Nuaim ( r.a ) creates mistrust /splits Quraish and Banu quraiza After one month of siege Allah sends storm and Quraish disperses. Allah sends Storm and enemy camps uprooted…Fled Now onwards quraish will not attack us but we will (defensive to offensive)

40. Banu Quraiza

41. Banu Quraiza Jibrael ( a.s ) comes with command to siege Banu Quiraiza Seige of Banu Quraiza Agreed to judgement of Hazrat Saad (chief of khazraj ) Saad( r.a ) said, " I judge that their WARRIORS should be killed and their children and women should be taken as captives. Jews still remember this and spread propaganda against Islam (check internet) Prophet sent armies against tribes who came to Attack Medina

42. Peace Treaty of Hudaybiya – 6 th Hijri Prophet Sees Dream of performing Umra . 1400 unarmed Sahabas leave for Umra with sacrificial Animals Takes different path to enter Makkah. Stops at Hudaybiya . Bayt e Ridwan Peace Treaty Muslims will not perform Umra this year but can come next year. 10 years no war between Muslims & Quraish and also between their allies Makkan if migrated shall be returned back if asked. No vice versa Sura Fatah revealed.

43. PHASE-2 Hudaybiya to Fatah Makkah

44. Letters by prophet / spread of Islam After Hudaybiya peace deal Muslims were at peace and safety from Quraish and its Allies. Good opportunity for Dawah Prophet sent companions with letters to rulers outside Arabia inviting them to Islam. Najjashi king of Abysinia after receiving letter in Muharram 7 th Hijri embraces Islam

45. Gazwa e khyber 7 th Hijri ,  150 kilometers (93 mi) from Medina in the north-west. Jews expelled from Medina Settled in Khyber and conspired against Muslims. Considered Hudaybiya as surrender of Muslims. One of these tribes was the Ghatafan , the allies of the Jews of Khyber raids muslim pasture lands in medina. 1600 Muslim Army took part in battle. Jews after fierce fight finally surrendered and accepted Muslim dominance. Jewish women tried to poison prophet and companions.

46. Ramadan 8 th Hijri. Quraysh broke peace treaty unilaterally [ Banu Bakr & Banu khuzaa ). Abu Sufiyan tries to make peace treaty but prophet refuses. 10,000 Strong Muslim Army enters Makkah, Makkah conquered without bloodshed Prophet announced general forgiveness. (a Except 15 –many forgiven later ) Those who were not granted amnesty after the conquest of Makkah Mukarramah – IslamQA Gazwa Hunain (last attempt by mushriks but Muslims Victories)

47. PHASE-3

48. Gazwa E Tabuk - 9 th Hijri 30,000 Muslim Army Marched towards tabuk 800 kms from Medina, Appeal for financial support …. (Umar /Abu Bakr [ r.a ] ) Roman Empire doesn’t turn up to fight. [Details ref: sura Tauba ] Masjid e zirar built by munafiqeen destroyed.

49. 9 th Hijri Tribes embrace Islam in large numbers… Hajj Made Farz . Sent under Abu bakr ( r.a ) leadership. Sura Nasr… Ijz jaa an nasurlaahi wal fath . Mission near completion.

50. Farewell Hajj Prophet goes for Hajj… News spreads in Arabia / Muslims in large number comes to perform Hajj with Prophet Approx . Hajis one Lakh forty thousand Famous Khutba : Hajjatul wida .. Rise in Muslim numbers after Hudaybiya proves what Allah called as open victory (Sura Fatha) Great Prophetic Responsibility of Dawah now on shoulders of Muslims

51. illness and passing away Safar 11 th Hijri prophets' illness started. Prophets fatal disease 7 days prior to passing away. Cursed Jews and Christians for making prophets graves as places of worship and prohibited Muslims Abu bakr ( r.a ) leads congregational prayers 12 th Rabbi- ul - Awal the Mighty Messenger of Allah passes away.. Inna lillahi wa inna ilahi Rajihoon…

52. Concluding remarks/Message I tried to give brief overview of the life of prophet ( Pbuh ). Laqad kana lakum fi rasooulaahi uswatul hasana … Requesting all to study deeply the life of prophet in details and lets try to implement it in our daily lives. Established Deen. Transfer of Dawah Responsibility Jazak Allah khair