Lifestyle Diseases and Prevention

a brief discussion on lifestyle and how it affects our health and well being...

1. Lifestyle Diseases & Management Dr. Pallab Kanti Nath MD (Anaesthesiology)

2. Lifestyle Diseases & Management Dr. Pallab Kanti Nath MD (Anaesthesiology)

3. What is a Lifestyle Disease ??? health problems that react to changes in lifestyle diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors

4. All lifestyle diseases have one common property: They make breathing heavier and body O2 low Cell hypoxia is the driving force of lifestyle diseases

5. What Causes Lifestyle Diseases? Certain habits, behaviors, and practices such as poor eating habits, inactivity, smoking Controllable factors Factors that we cannot control such as age, gender, and heredity Uncontrollable Factors

6. Controllable Risk Factors Diet and body weight Daily levels of physical activity smoking, eating habits, exercise, amount of sleep you get.. smoking, eating habits, exercise, amount of sleep you get.. Your level of sun exposure Smoking and alcohol abuse Amount of sun exposure Smoking and alcohol abuse

7. Uncontrollable factors Age Race Gender Heredity

8. Improper life style: Over eating Excessive consumption of fats Smoking Drinking Chewing tobacco Sedentary life style Lack of exercise

9. Types of Lifestyle Diseases Cardiovascular diseases Stroke Diabetes Cancer Chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease Depression Musculoskeletal disorder

10. Cardiovascular Diseases

11. Cholesterol

12. High Cholesterol Type - A Mental Stress Alcohol Smoking

13. Atherosclerosis

14. Atherosclerosis 14 Dr.S.Siva, Aden refinery Hospital, Little Aden, Yemen

15. Have the victim sit down and rest , and attempt to keep calm. Loosen any tight clothing. If the victim has a known heart condition, ask if he takes a chest pain medication. Assist the victim in taking the medication (usually nitroglycerin, which is placed under the tongue). If the pain does not subside promptly with rest or within 3 minutes of taking nitroglycerin, call for emergency medical assistance. What should be done?

16. High Blood Pressure & Stroke

17. What Is Blood Pressure? When your heart pumps, it forces blood through your vessels. This force is called blood pressure.

18. Brain Stem-Function

19. Cerebellum - Function

20. Stroke

21. T.I.A

22. CVA

23. Prevention Of Cardiovascular Diseases, Stroke and CVA Trim your fat intake, eat healthy Cut down on salt Keep your weight healthy Don’t smoke Don’t take alcohol Do exercise Monitor your blood pressure and cholesterol Relax & cut down on stress If you are hypertensive then don’t skip your Anti-hypertensive drugs

24. Diabetes

25. Diabetes A disorder in which cells are unable to obtain glucose from the blood such that high blood-glucose levels result.

26. Types of Diabetes Type 1 diabetes or Juvenile Diabetes Type 2 diabetes or Maturity onset Diabetes (Most common)

27. Types of Diabetes

28. High risk category 45 yrs & above overweight close family member with diabetes diabetes during pregnancy had a baby that weighed > 9lbs (4kg)

29. Prevention of Diabetes Maintaining a healthy weight Avoiding smoking Reduction of Stress Avoiding Sedentary life Avoid Junk foods Exercise- reduces insulin resistance

30. Cancer

31. Cancer Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells

32. Risk factors for Cancer Tobacco use/ Smoking Sexually Transmitted Diseases Dietary Factors Radiation Asbestos

33. CAUTION C – Change in bowel habits A – A sore that does not heal U – Unusual bleeding or discharge T – Thickening or a lump I – Indigestion or difficulty swallowing O – Obvious change in a wart or mole N – Nagging cough or hoarseness

34. Prevention of cancer Don’t’ smoke! Wear sunscreen; stay away from tanning beds Eat your veggies and cut the fat Eat moderate protein Stay active Get regular medical check-ups

35. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Symptoms - shortness of breath, cough and sputum production Tobacco smoking - most common cause of COPD other factors - air pollution, genetics Prolonged exposure to dusts , chemicals and fumes increase the risk of COPD in both smokers and nonsmokers Malnutrition & Low Birth weight is also a reason for Respiratory disease . Being either underweight or overweight can affect the symptoms

36. Prevention of COPD Quit Smoking Have Healthy Diet Take nutrition supplements if malnourished Do Breathing exercise Avoid exposure to fumes & dust . Improve both indoor & outdoor air quality

37. Depression

38. Depression state of low mood and aversion to activity affects thoughts , behavior, feelings and sense of well-being Life events and life style that may precipitate depressed mood Childbirth menopause financial difficulties job problems, Disease l oss of a loved one relationship troubles …

39. Prevention of Depression Healthy Eating cut out junk food Avoid foods high in refined sugar and saturated fats Complex carbohydrates help to stimulate the feel good neurotransmitter serotonin

40. Continue…….. Exercise increases production of natural antidepressants. reduces stress, improves mood, boosts self-esteem, and provides restful sleep Weight loss improves your self-esteem and overall health

41. Continue…… Meditation practice of engaging in a mental exercise— such as deep breathing or repetition of a phrase (mantra) Meditation can help relieve anxiety Sleep Having a calming bedtime routine that helps you wind down and feel fresh the next morning

42. Continue…….. Relationship Spending time with positive, supportive, and loving people can help you through your darkest times Avoid Sedentary life - leads to depression stay active , do your hobbies, read books, take active part in social activity

43. Walk...

44. Musculoskeletal Disease

45. Musculoskeletal Disease Healthy diet with physical activity builds strong & healthy bones Exercise strengthens the bones , ligaments & muscle surrounding joints

46. Maintaining Healthy Lifestyle Diet- healthy eating patterns Consume fewer Calories and be physically active . Exercise- At least 150 min per week of moderate-intensity, 2 or more days per week of muscle-strengthening activities. Relaxation- Work/school/personal life balance, Relaxation response for 20 min, 1-2x/day Addiction Management- Smoking, alcohol, drug s

47. Minimum recommendation for physical Activity by WHO Children & young people - moderate intensity activity for at least 60 mints per day Adults - at least 30 mints of exercise most if not all days. Should include flexibility, muscle strength & endurance exercise twice a week 60 to 90 mints to improve when already in poor health or to lose weight Moderate exercise is Brisk walking, swimming, cycling, gardening with moderate effort