Ligaments of ankle joint (Ankle complex)

this will be more informative for you.The collateral ligaments are fully explained in this PPT and it gives clear & prospect information about ankle complex.

1. LIGAMENTS OF ANKLE JOINT AJITH C KMCHCOPT

2. CAPSULE OF ANKLE JOINT Attachment: Above the border of the articular surfaces of the tibia and malleoli and below to the talus around its upper articular surface. And attaches to the hollow on the medial surface of the lateral malleoli . It is fairly thin and especially weak anteriorlly and posteriorlly . Laterally the capsule is thickened.

3. LIGAMENTS Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligament Crural interosseous ligament Medial collateral ligament Lateral collateral ligament complex Distal syndesmosis Ligaments. Collateral Ligaments.

4. Distal syndesmosis ligaments

5. Anterior and posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament: attachment: Anterior: It attches to the anterior tubercle of the distal tibia to anterior surface of the distal fibula at the lateral malleolus . Posterior: It attches to the posterior edge of the lateral malleolus to posterior tibial tubercle. Functions: One of the primary stabilisers limits excessive external rotation of foot on the leg. And distal fibular motion of the tibia. A P

6. Crural interosseous tibiofibular ligament: attachment: It is thickened portion of the distal interosseous membrane. It is attches to the fibular notch ( Incisura tibialis ) to talocrural joint of the fibula. Functions: One of the primary stabilisers buffer to neutralise forces during weight bearing as it transfers some of the axial compressive load to the fibula. Spring action- allowing for minor separation between the distal tibia and fibula during dorsiflexion . Allowing slight wedging of the talus in the mortise.

7. Biomechanical functions : Commonly, It provide strong stabilization and dynamic support to the ankle mortise. Maintain the integrity between the distal tibia and fibula, Resist forces (axial, rotational and translational) that attempt to seperate the 2 bones.

8. COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS

9. 1) Medial collateral ligament Also known as deltoid ligament. Its triangular in shape and consists of a superficial and deep layer which connect the talus to the medial malleolus . It reinforces the joint capsule medially. Stabilise’s the ankle joint during eversion of the foot. it prevents sublexation of the ankle joint.

10. MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT (or) DELTOID LIGAMENT: attachment : 1)Anterior tibiotalar ligament: Medial malleolus to the head of talus. 2)Posterior tibio talar ligament: Medial malleolus to the talus posteriorly . 3) Tibio navicular ligament: Medial malleolus to the Dorsomedial aspect of the navicular . 4) Tibio calcanean ligament: It is very thin. Attaches to the medial malleolus to the sustentaculum tali . 1 2 3 4

11. Biomechanical functions: ANTERIOR TIBIOTALAR LIGAMENT: Reinforces the ankle joint and control plantar flexion & eversion . POSTERIOR TIBIOTALAR LIGAMENT: It control dorsiflexion . TIBIO NAVICULAR LIGAMENT: Reinforces the ankle joint. Tibio calcanean ligament: Reinforces the ankle joint. MCL is also provide stability of the mortise and talus. It provide stability of the ankle or medial joint stability. It also provide support for the subtalar joint.

12. 2)Lateral collateral ligament complex (LCL)

13. Anterior talo fibular ligament : attcahment : It attaches to the Lateral malleolus to the neck of talus. It is most commonly injured ligament of the ankle or LCL. Position- Anteriomedially . Functions: Restrain anterior displacement of the talus in respect to the fibula and tibia. Resists inversion in plantar flexion. This ligament is stressed when the ankle is moved into greater degrees of plantar flexion, medial rotation, and inversion.Rupture of the anterior talofibular ligament often results in anterolateral rotary instability of the ankle.

14. Posterior talofibular ligament: attachment: It attaches to the malleolar fossa of fibula. It is rarely injured ligament of LCL (because bony stability protects ligament). Position- horizontally medially. It is thick and fairly strong band. Functions: Forms the back wall of the recipient socket for the talus’ trochlea . Resists posterior displacement of talus .

15. Calcaneo fibular ligament: Attachment: It attaches to the Tip of lateral malleolus to the lateral surfece of calcaneus . Position- Posterioinferiorlly . Functions : Aids talofibular stability during dorsiflexion . Restrain inversion of the calcaneus with respect to the fibula. It also prevent Talar tilt into inversion. The inferior band of the superior peroneal retinaculum , which lies close and parallel to the calcaneofibular ligament, appears to reinforce that ligament. Because the ankle collateral ligaments and retinacula also contribute to stability of the subtalar joint.

16. Commonly, MCL controls the eversion and/or pronation of foot. LCL controls the inversion and/or supination of foot. And prevents subluxation of the ankle joint. In addition to the medial collateral and lateral collateral ligaments, portions of the extensor and peroneal retinacula of the ankle are also credited with contributing to stability at the ankle joint. In general, the components of the lateral collateral ligament are weaker and more susceptible to injury than are those of the medial collateral ligament.

17. APPLIED ANATOMY Medial collateral ligament of foot -injury Lateral collateral ligament of foot -injury Medial and/or lateral malleoli injury High ankle sprain or syndesmotic ankle sprain. Ankle sprain