LINKING WORDS IN ENGLISH FOR TEENS AND ADULTS

LINKING WORDS IN ENGLISH FOR TEENS AND ADULTS

1. LINKING WORDS

2. An important part of fluency Better understanding Add more information

3. I bought a dog. I bought a dog  because  I really wanted a pet. I bought a dog  because  I really wanted a pet.  However , now I wish I hadn't!

4. Busting English Myth Number One Many people think it rains in England all the time. However , this is only partly true - it rains 95% of the time and the other 5% it's overcast. Number Two Although it is true that we are good at following rules, English people do not love queuing! That’s just mad! We only do it because without queuing we’d be no better than cavemen. Number Three English people have a reputation for being cold. Well despite being a little formal "How do you do?", we're actually very warm-hearted when you get to know us! It just takes a little time to work through the levels of formality. From stranger to friend. Number Four While international opinion of our food is not good saying that it is bland, tasteless and boring, I happen to think that English food is delicious! I'm kidding. It's terrible really, just awful.

5. Linking Words of Contrast However / Nonetheless / Nevertheless Although / even though / though Despite / Inspite of Diikuti oleh a noun atau verb + ING While / Whilst (formal, literary style)

6. Practice one: Correct the mistakes Despite of helping Mary, she didn’t thank me. In spite of they have been to England several times, they can’t speak English . The meal was really salty, though nobody could finish it . Rewrite it Paula didn’t get the job. She had the right qualifications (in spite of).

7. 4 Uses of ‘Though’ 1. Sebagai kata hubung : “ Though  I do not usually drink coffee, I have had 2 cups today.” ‘ Though’ di depan kalimat Though Malta is a very small island, its history is long and rich. Malta, though small, has a long and rich history. ‘Though’ setelah kata sifat Small though the island is, Malta has a long and rich history.

8. 2. Di akhir kalimat “ I already ate. Thanks,  though !” = ‘ anyway’, ‘regardless’ and ‘nonetheless’. Speaker 1: Would you like something to drink ? Speaker 2: I’ve just had some water. Thanks, though ! / I’ve just had some water. Thanks anyway!

9. 3. Sama seperti ‘however ’ atau ‘but’ “ I do not usually drink coffee, though I’ve had 2 cups today.” = “ I do not usually drink coffee, but/however* I have had 2 cups today .” “I don’t usually drink coffee. I’ve had 2 cups today though .” *However is a more formal way of saying ‘but’

10. 4. Dibarengi dengan kata ‘as ’ “ He acted as though he were angry.” = ‘ like’: “He acted like he was angry .” It looked as though it was going to rain . = It looked like it was going to rain.

11. Practice Two 1) He doesn’t like flying, but he enjoyed his trip to Italy last year. A. He doesn’t like flying, though he enjoyed his trip to Italy last year. B. Though he doesn’t like flying, but he enjoyed his trip to Italy last year. C. He doesn’t like flying, as though he enjoyed his trip to Italy last year.

12. 3) I’ve had enough to eat, but thanks nonetheless. A. I’ve had enough to eat, but thanks though. B. I’ve had enough to eat, but thanks as though. C. I’ve had enough to eat, though but thanks. D. All answers are correct.

13. Unless vs As long as Unless vs as long as = if I will go to the party if you come too. I will go to the party as long as you come too. If you don’t do your homework, you can’t watch the film. (If + negative verb) Unless you do your homework, you can’t watch the film. (Unless + positive verb)

14. Correct the mistake Unless we don’t finish our project tonight, we’ll have to work next weekend Rewrite it Sally won’t come to the party. You don’t invite her (unless).

15. SPOKEN LINKING WORDS Signpost = To direct listeners They help connect what we're saying and tell the listener what information is coming up . ...You know I was hosting an amazing dinner party last night? Actually, it was a complete disaster - I burnt the meat… people arrived when I was still cooking. Mind you, I did say 'turn up when you want'… and I did start cooking pretty late! Anyway, as I was saying, I burnt the meat, the dishes were all ready at different times... the dessert was… oh come to think of it, I completely forgot to serve dessert! So basically, everyone went home hungry. Anyway, how was your evening? By the way, before I forget, it's my birthday next week and I'm having a dinner party do you want to come?

16. Practice One 1. I didn't have a shower this morning ___ my hair was really dirty all day. whereas so because 2. I really love driving, ___ on sunny days. whereas then especially

17. 3. I love summer. ___, I hate getting on the underground in the heat. So Because However 4. I didn't eat any crisps ___ I ate an icecream ! generally but especially

18. 5. I saw someone applying their make-up ___ they were driving! so in conclusion while 6. Emma really enjoys knitting, ___ Mary who hates it! in conclusion while unlike

19. 7. I went to the park ___ I went to the shops. so because then 8. I thought the documentary was interesting. ___, I would have liked to see more interviews. For example Because Nevertheless

20. Speaking Practice