Lipolysis

Lipolysis is a catabolic process leading to the breakdown large fat into small ones .

1. Lipolysis By Ebtisam Al- Thawab ~

2. It is the catabolic process leading to the breakdown of triglycerides stored in fat cells and release of fatty acids  and glycerol It occurs largely in adipose to release fatty acids as a fuel . May also occur in muscle or liver - smaller amounts of  fatty acids are stored .

3. Triacylglycerol VLDL Lipases  (HSL) fatty acids glycerol Hormones stimulate Liver Tissue

4. Lipolysis Process Triglycerides are transported through the blood to appropriate tissues (adipose, muscle ) by lipoproteins such as VLDL ( Very-Low-Density-Lipoproteins ) . Hormones include : epinephrine , norepinephrine , Growth hormone and thyroid hormone Activate Hormone-sensitive lipase ( HSL ) found in adipose tissue . Triglycerides present on the VLDL undergo lipolysis by the cellular lipases  (HSL) of target tissues, which yields glycerol and free fatty acids .

5. Triacylglycerol +3H 2 O→Glycerol + 3Fatty acids Hydrolyses Triacylglycerol

6. The glycerol also enters the bloodstream and is absorbed by the liver or kidney  where it is converted to glycerol  by the enzyme glycerol kinase . Hepatic glycerol 3-phosphate is converted mostly into dihydroxy acetone phosphate ( DHAP ) and  then glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GA3P) to rejoin the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway. Glycerol

7. Fatty acids bind to albumin , in the blood for transport. Enter mitochondria for β - oxidation to produce energy . Fatty acids Mitochondrial Beta Oxidation

8. This is simple Animation Explain  Lipolysis Mechanism - http://www.wiley.com/college/grosvenor/0470197587/animations/Animation_Lipid_Metabolism/Energy/media/content/met/anima/met4a/frameset.htm    References   Vance, DE and Vance, JE (Eds.). 2008. Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Membranes. 5th edition. Oxford, UK:  Elsevier. Baldwin, Kenneth David Sutherland; Brooks,  George H.; Fahey, Thomas D. (2005). Exercise physiology: human bioenergetics  and its applications. New York: McGraw-Hill Harper‘s Biochemistry, By Robert K. Sppleton and  Lange,2000