Liquid Penetrant Testing ........................

ndt pt

1. Liquid Penetrant Testing Leve II Eka Prasetya Siregar ASNT NDE (RT,UT, MT, PT, VT) Level III ASNT ID : 190523

2. Liquid Penetrant Testing

3. INTRODUCTION

4. INTRODUCTION Capillary Action

5. INTRODUCTION Capillary Action Defect at open to Surface DI BAWAH PERMUKAAN DI BAGIAN DALAM Tdk dapat dideteksi oleh uji penetran Dapat dideteksi oleh uji penetran

6. INTRODUCTION Liquid penetrant inspection is a physical chemical process . Application and reaction of the penetrant (chemical) is dependent upon the nature of the test article and the discontinuity it contains (physical ). The ability of penetrant to spread over a solid surface is referred to as the wetting ability . The wetting ability and contact angle between solid liquid are inversely proportional . The higher the wetting ability, the smaller the contact angle. The contact angle determines the wetting ability . Penetrating capability of a liquid penetrant is controlled by: Surface tension Contact angle

7. INTRODUCTION

8. BASIC PRINCIPLES

9. BASIC PRINCIPLES

10. STEP - 1 SURFACE PREPARATION (PRECLEANING)

11. SURFACE PREPARATION

12. SURFACE PREPARATION Surface preparation , including proper cleaning is essential to liquid penetrant testing for TWO reasons : If all traces of penetrant materials are not removed after the test, they may have a harmful effect on the specimen after the test object is placed in service (chlorine and sulphur may affect some alloys). If the specimen is not physically and chemically clean and dry, penetrant testing may be ineffective .

13. SURFACE PREPARATION Selection of the cleaning process breaks down to the following basic factors. Type of contaminant. Composition of the base material. Degree of cleanliness required. Availability of cleaning equipment. Cost and time factors

14. SURFACE PREPARATION

15. SURFACE PREPARATION

16. SURFACE PREPARATION

17. STEP - 2 APPLY LIQUID PENETRANT

18. Basic Liquid Penetrant Classification System

19. Classification of Penetrant Examination Types and Methods

20. PENETRANT List below indicates the penetrant systems , ranging from the most sensitive and expensive to the least one. Post-emulsified – fluorescent. Solvent-removable – fluorescent. Water-washable – fluorescent. Post-emulsified – visible. Solvent-removable – visible. Water-washable – visible.

21. CONSUMABLE

22. CONSUMABLE

23. CONSUMABLE

24. APPLY LIQUID PENETRANT

25. APPLY LIQUID PENETRANT

26. DWELL TIME PENETRANT

27. STEP - 3 REMOVE EXCESS LIQUID PENETRANT

28. REMOVE EXCESS LIQUID PENETRANT

29. REMOVE EXCESS LIQUID PENETRANT

30. REMOVE EXCESS LIQUID PENETRANT WATER WASHABLE

31. REMOVE EXCESS LIQUID PENETRANT POST EMULSIFIABLE - LIPOPHILIC

32. REMOVE EXCESS LIQUID PENETRANT POST EMULSIFIABLE - HYDROPHILIC

33. CONSUMABLE

34. REMOVE EXCESS LIQUID PENETRANT SOLVENT REMOVABLE SOLVENT IS NEVER APPLIED DIRECTLY TO THE SPECIMEN AS IT MIGHT WASH OUT OR DILUTE THE PENETRANT IN THE DISCONTINUITY

35. REMOVE EXCESS LIQUID PENETRANT

36. CONSUMABLE

37. STEP - 4 APPL DEVELOPER

38. APPLY DEVELOPER

39. APPLY DEVELOPER

40. STEP - 5 INPECTION

41. INSPECTION

42. INSPECTION

43. INSPECTION

44. STEP - 6 POST CLEANING

45. POST CLEANING After the specimen has been inspected, it is very important that it be thoroughly cleaned. A thorough postcleaning is necessary because penetrant and developer residue tend to attract moisture which may cause corrosion, or it can interfere with subsequent processing or usage . Postcleaning usually will involved the same types of cleaning operations as were used in precleaning .

46. EQUIPMENT

47. EQUIPMENT

48. EQUIPMENT

49. NDT STEPS

50. NDT STEPS

51. POST CLEANING After the specimen has been inspected, it is very important that it be thoroughly cleaned. A thorough postcleaning is necessary because penetrant and developer residue tend to attract moisture which may cause corrosion, or it can interfere with subsequent processing or usage . Postcleaning usually will involved the same types of cleaning operations as were used in precleaning .

52. Summary Penetrant testing is succesfully used on most any materials, including metallic and nonmetallic objects . Metallic materials include aluminum , magnesium , titanium , cast iron, stainless steel , powdered metal products, copper, brass, and bronze , as well as most other common alloys. Nonmetallic materials include ceramics, plastic , molded rubber, composites, and glass . Penetrant testing is limited by its inability to test materials with discontinuities that are NOT OPEN to the surface or having extremely porous surface.

53. Summary The ability of a given liquid to flow over a surface and enter surface cavities depends principally on the following : Cleanliness of the surface Configuration of the cavity Cleanliness of the cavity Size of surface opening of the cavity Surface tension of the liquid Ability of the liquid to wet the surface Contact angle of the liquid Choices material of Penetrant

54. Summary The selection of the best process depends upon : Sensitivity required. Number of articles to be tested. Surface condition of part being inspected . Configuration of test specimen. Availability of water, electricity, compressed air, suitable testing area

55. Summary The four methods are broadly classified as: Water washable, method A Postemulsifiable lipophilic, method B Solvent removable, method C Postemulsifiable hydrophilic, method D

56. Summary

57. Questions?

58. Questions - 1 Which of the following is a disadvantage of using the liquid penetrant testing method? The liquid penetrant test method is adaptable to production inspection of small parts Liquid penetrant testing can locate fine cracks The liquid penetrant test method is a relatively simple test method The liquid penetrant test method is not effective at all temperatures

59. Questions - 2 Which of the following is a commonly used classification for penetrant? Postemulsifiable penetrant Nonferrous penetrant Chemical etch penetrant Nonaqueous penetrant

60. Questions - 3 Which method of penetrant removal is solvent removable? Method A Method B Method C Method D

61. Questions - 4 Developer coating of excessive thicknesss: May obscure indications May be beneficial while observing small indications for flourescent penetrants May be beneficial while observing small indications for visible penetrants Do not effect the inspection

62. Questions - 5 Developer coating of excessive thicknesss: May obscure indications May be beneficial while observing small indications for flourescent penetrants May be beneficial while observing small indications for visible penetrants Do not effect the inspection