list of Human parasites from the wikipedia

list of Human parasites from the wikipedia include
Name
Latin Name
body part affected
how to diagnosis

1. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis (eye infection) Latin name: Acanthamoeba spp. Body parts affected: eye, brain, skin Diagnostic specimen: culture Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: contact lenses cleaned with contaminated tap water

2. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis Latin name: Balamuthia mandrillaris Body parts affected: brain, skin Diagnostic specimen: culture Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: via inhalation or skin lesion

3. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Babesiosis Latin name: Babesia B. divergens, B. bigemina, B. equi, B. microfti, B. duncani Body parts affected: red blood cells Diagnostic specimen: Giemsa-stained thin blood smear Prevalence: New England (different species have worldwide distribution) Source or Vector: tick bites, e.g. Ixodes scapularis

4. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Balantidiasis Latin name: Balantidium coli Body parts affected: intestinal mucosa, may become invasive in some patients Diagnostic specimen: stool (diarrhea=ciliated trophozoite; solid stool=large cyst with horseshoe shaped nucleus) Prevalence: - Source or Vector: ingestion of cyst, zoonotic infection acquired from pigs (feces)

5. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Blastocystosis Latin name: Blastocystis spp. Body parts affected: intestinal Diagnostic specimen: direct microscopy of stool (PCR, antibody) Prevalence:  • worldwide: one of the most common human parasites[1][2] Source or Vector: eating food contaminated with feces from an infected human or animal

6. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Cryptosporidiosis Latin name: Cryptosporidium spp. Body parts affected: intestines Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: widespread Source or Vector: ingestion of oocyst (sporulated), some species are zoonotic (e.g. bovine fecal contamination)

7. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Cyclosporiasis Latin name: Cyclospora cayetanensis Body parts affected: intestines Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: United States Source or Vector: ingestion of oocyst through contaminated food

8. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Dientamoebiasis Latin name: Dientamoeba fragilis Body parts affected: intestines Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: up to 10% in industrialized countries Source or Vector: ingesting water or food contaminated with feces

9. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Amoebiasis Latin name: Entamoeba histolytica Body parts affected: intestines (mainly colon, but can cause liver failure if not treated) Diagnostic specimen: stool (fresh diarrheic stools have amoeba, solid stool has cyst) Prevalence: areas with poor sanitation, high population density and tropical regions Source or Vector: fecal-oral transmission of cyst, not amoeba

10. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Giardiasis Latin name: Giardia lamblia Body parts affected: lumen of the small intestine Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: worldwide? Source or Vector: ingestion of water containing deer or beaver feces

11. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Isosporiasis Latin name: Isospora belli Body parts affected: epithelial cells of small intestines Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: worldwide – less common than Toxoplasma or Cryptosporidium Source or Vector: fecal oral route – ingestion of sporulated oocyst

12. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Leishmaniasis Latin name: Leishmania spp. Body parts affected: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral Diagnostic specimen: visual identification of lesion or microscopic stain with Leishman's or Giemsa's stain Prevalence: visceral leishmaniasis – worldwide; cutaneous leishmaniasis – Old World; mucocutaneous leishmaniasis – New World Source or Vector: Phlebotomus, Lutzomyia – bite of several species of phlebotomine sandflies

13. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis Latin name: Naegleria fowleri Body parts affected: brain Diagnostic specimen: culture Prevalence: unknown, but infection is rare Source or Vector: nasal insufflation of contaminated warm fresh water, poorly chlorinated swimming pools, hot springs, soil

14. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Malaria Latin name: Plasmodium falciparum (80% of cases), Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale curtisi, Plasmodium ovale wallikeri, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium knowlesi Body parts affected: red blood cells, liver Diagnostic specimen: blood film Prevalence: tropical – 250 million cases/year Source or Vector: Anopheles mosquito

15. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Rhinosporidiosis Latin name: Rhinosporidium seeberi Body parts affected: nose, nasopharynx Diagnostic specimen: biopsy Prevalence: India and Sri Lanka Source or Vector: nasal mucosa came into contact with infected material through bathing in common ponds

16. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Sarcocystosis Latin name: Sarcocystis bovihominis,Sarcocystis suihominis Body parts affected: intestine, muscle Diagnostic specimen: muscle biopsy Prevalence: widespread Source or Vector: ingestion of uncooked/undercooked beef/pork with Sarcocystis sarcocysts

17. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Toxoplasmosis (Acute and Latent) Latin name: Toxoplasma gondii Body parts affected: eyes, brain, heart, liver Diagnostic specimen: blood and PCR Prevalence: worldwide: one of the most common human parasites; estimated to infect between 30–50% of the global population.[6][7] Source or Vector: ingestion of uncooked/undercooked pork/lamb/goat with Toxoplasma bradyzoites, ingestion of raw milk with Toxoplasma tachyzoites, ingestion of contaminated water food or soil with oocysts in cat feces that is more than one day old

18. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Trichomoniasis Latin name: Trichomonas vaginalis Body parts affected: female urogenital tract (males asymptomatic) Diagnostic specimen: microscopic examination of genital swab Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: sexually transmitted infection – only trophozoite form (no cysts)

19. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Sleeping sickness Latin name: Trypanosoma brucei Body parts affected: brain and blood Diagnostic specimen: microscopic examination of chancre fluid, lymph node aspirates, blood, bone marrow Prevalence: 50,000 to 70,000 people; only found in Africa Source or Vector: tsetse fly, day-biting fly of the genus Glossina

20. Category: Endoparasites Protozoan Common name: Chagas disease Latin name: Trypanosoma cruzi Body parts affected: colon, esophagus, heart, nerves, muscle and blood Diagnostic specimen: Giemsa stain – blood Prevalence: Mexico, Central America, South America – 16–18 million Source or Vector: Triatoma/Reduviidae – "kissing bug" insect vector, feeds at night

21. Category: Endo., Helminths, Tapeworms Common name: Tapeworm – Tapeworm infection Latin name: Cestoda , Taenia multiceps Body parts affected: intestine Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: rare worldwide Source or Vector: -

22. Category: EndoparasitesHelminths, Tapeworms Common name: Diphyllobothriasis – tapeworm Latin name: Diphyllobothrium latum Body parts affected: intestines, blood Diagnostic specimen: stool (microscope) Prevalence: Europe, Japan, Uganda, Peru, Chile Source or Vector: ingestion of raw fresh water fish

23. Category: Endo., Helminths, Tapeworms Common name: Diphyllobothriasis – tapeworm Latin name: Diphyllobothrium pacificum Body parts affected: intestines Diagnostic specimen: stool (microscope) Prevalence: Peru Source or Vector: ingestion of raw saltwater fish

24. Category: Endo., Helminths, Tapeworms Common name: Echinococcosis – tapeworm Latin name: Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis, E. vogeli, E. oligarthrus Body parts affected: liver, lungs, kidney, spleen Diagnostic specimen: imaging of hydatid cysts in the liver, lungs, kidney and spleen Prevalence: Worldwide in grazing areas Source or Vector: as intermediate host, ingestion of material contaminated by feces from a carnivore; as definite host, ingestion of uncooked meat (offal) from a herbivore

25. Category: Endo., Helminths, Tapeworms Common name: Hymenolepiasis Latin name: Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta Body parts affected: - Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: - Source or Vector: ingestion of material contaminated by flour beetles, mealworms, cockroaches

26. Category: Endo., Helminths, Tapeworms Common name: Beef tapeworm Latin name: Taenia saginata Body parts affected: Intestines Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: worldwide distribution Source or Vector: ingestion of undercooked beef

27. Category: Endo., Helminths, Tapeworms Common name: Cysticercosis-Pork tapeworm Latin name: Taenia solium Body parts affected: Brain, muscle, Eye (Cysts in conjunctiva/anterior chamber/sub-retinal space) Diagnostic specimen: stool, blood, imaging of cysts in the brain or any soft tissue Prevalence: Asia, Africa, South America, Southern Europe, North America. Source or Vector: as definite host: ingestion of undercooked pork; as intermediate host, ingestion of material contaminated by human feces from a person carrying the adult form

28. Category: Endo., Helminths, Tapeworms Common name: Bertielliasis Latin name: Bertiella mucronata, Bertiella studeri Body parts affected: Intestines Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: rare Source or Vector: contact with non-human primates

29. Category: Endo., Helminths, Tapeworms Common name: Sparganosis Latin name: Spirometra erinaceieuropaei Body parts affected: - Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: - Source or Vector: ingestion of material contaminated with infected dog or cat feces (humans: dead-end host)

30. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Endoparasites Flukes Latin name: Latin name (sorted) Body parts affected: Body parts affected Diagnostic specimen: Diagnostic specimen Prevalence: Prevalence Source or Vector: Transmission/Vector

31. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Clonorchiasis Latin name: Clonorchis sinensis; Clonorchis viverrini Body parts affected: gall bladder ducts and inflammation of liver Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: East Asia Source or Vector: ingestion of under prepared freshwater fish

32. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Lancet liver fluke Latin name: Dicrocoelium dendriticum Body parts affected: gall bladder Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: rare Source or Vector: ingestion of ants

33. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Liver fluke – Fasciolosis[9] Latin name: Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica Body parts affected: liver, gall bladder Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: Fasciola hepatica in Europe, Africa, Australia, the Americas and Oceania; Fasciola gigantica only in Africa and Asia, 2.4 million people infected by both species Source or Vector: freshwater snails

34. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Fasciolopsiasis – intestinal fluke[10] Latin name: Fasciolopsis buski Body parts affected: intestines Diagnostic specimen: stool or vomitus (microscope) Prevalence: East Asia – 10 million people Source or Vector: ingestion of infested water plants or water (intermediate host:amphibic snails)

35. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Metagonimiasis – intestinal fluke Latin name: Metagonimus yokogawai Body parts affected: - Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: Siberia, Manchuria, Balkan states, Israel, Spain Source or Vector: ingestion of undercooked or salted fish

36. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Metorchiasis Latin name: Metorchis conjunctus Body parts affected: - Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: Canada, US, Greenland Source or Vector: ingestion of raw fish

37. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Chinese liver fluke Latin name: Opisthorchis viverrini, Opisthorchis felineus, Clonorchis sinensis Body parts affected: bile duct Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: 1.5 million people in Russia Source or Vector: consuming infected raw, slightly salted or frozen fish

38. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Paragonimiasis, lung fluke Latin name: Paragonimus westermani; Paragonimus africanus; Paragonimus caliensis; Paragonimus kellicotti; Paragonimus skrjabini; Paragonimus uterobilateralis Body parts affected: lungs Diagnostic specimen: sputum, feces Prevalence: East Asia Source or Vector: ingestion of raw or undercooked freshwater crabs crayfishes or other crustaceans

39. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Schistosomiasis – bilharzia, bilharziosis or snail fever (all types) Latin name: Schistosoma sp. Body parts affected: - Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: Africa, Caribbean, eastern South America, east Asia, Middle East – 200 million people Source or Vector: skin exposure to water contaminated with infected freshwater snails

40. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: intestinal schistosomiasis Latin name: Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma intercalatum Body parts affected: intestine, liver, spleen, lungs, skin, rarely infects the brain Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: Africa, Caribbean, South America, Asia, Middle East – 83 million people Source or Vector: skin exposure to water contaminated with infected Biomphalaria freshwater snails

41. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: urinary blood fluke Latin name: Schistosoma haematobium Body parts affected: kidney, bladder, ureters, lungs, skin Diagnostic specimen: urine Prevalence: Africa, Middle East Source or Vector: skin exposure to water contaminated with infected Bulinus sp. snails

42. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Schistosomiasis by Schistosoma japonicum Latin name: Schistosoma japonicum Body parts affected: intestine, liver, spleen, lungs, skin Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: China, East Asia, Philippines Source or Vector: skin exposure to water contaminated with infected Oncomelania sp. snails

43. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Asian intestinal schistosomiasis Latin name: Schistosoma mekongi Body parts affected: - Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: South East Asia Source or Vector: skin exposure to water contaminated with infected Neotricula aperta – freshwater snails

44. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Echinostomiasis Latin name: Echinostoma echinatum Body parts affected: small intestine Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: Far East Source or Vector: ingestion of raw fish, mollusks, snails

45. Category: Endoparasites Flukes Common name: Swimmer's itch Latin name: Trichobilharzia regenti, Schistosomatidae Body parts affected: - Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: skin exposure to contaminated water (snails and vertebrates)

46. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Ancylostomiasis/Hookworm Latin name: Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus Body parts affected: lungs, small intestine, blood Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: common in tropical, warm, moist climates Source or Vector: penetration of skin by L3 larva

47. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Angiostrongyliasis Latin name: Angiostrongylus Body parts affected: intestine Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: - Source or Vector: ingestion of infected faeces or infected slugs

48. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Anisakiasis[11] Latin name: Anisakis Body parts affected: allergic reaction Diagnostic specimen: biopsy Prevalence: incidental host Source or Vector: ingestion of raw fish, squid, cuttlefish, octopus

49. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Roundworm – Parasitic pneumonia Latin name: Ascaris sp. Ascaris lumbricoides Body parts affected: Intestines, liver, appendix, pancreas, lungs, Löffler's syndrome Diagnostic specimen: stool Prevalence: common in tropical and subtropical regions Source or Vector: -

50. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Roundworm – Baylisascariasis Latin name: Baylisascaris procyonis Body parts affected: Intestines, liver, lungs, brain, eye Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: rare: North America Source or Vector: stool from raccoons

51. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Roundworm-lymphatic filariasis Latin name: Brugia malayi, Brugia timori Body parts affected: lymph nodes Diagnostic specimen: blood samples Prevalence: tropical regions of Asia Source or Vector: arthropods

52. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Dioctophyme renalis infection Latin name: Dioctophyme renale Body parts affected: kidneys (typically the right) Diagnostic specimen: urine Prevalence: rare Source or Vector: ingestion of undercooked or raw freshwater fish

53. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Ophidascaris robertsi infection Latin name: Ophidascaris robertsi Body parts affected: brain Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: newly discovered infection[12][13] Source or Vector: Single reported case was likely due to ingestion of gathered wild plants, contaminated with feces from pythons

54. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Guinea worm – Dracunculiasis Latin name: Dracunculus medinensis Body parts affected: subcutaneous tissues, muscle Diagnostic specimen: skin blister/ulcer Prevalence: South Sudan (eradication ongoing) Source or Vector: -

55. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Pinworm – Enterobiasis Latin name: Enterobius vermicularis, Enterobius gregorii Body parts affected: intestines, anus Diagnostic specimen: stool; tape test around anus Prevalence: widespread; temperate regions Source or Vector: -

56. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Gnathostomiasis[14] Latin name: Gnathostoma spinigerum, Gnathostoma hispidum Body parts affected: subcutaneous tissues (under the skin) Diagnostic specimen: physical examination Prevalence: rare – Southeast Asia Source or Vector: ingestion of raw or undercooked meat (e.g., freshwater fish, chicken, snails, frogs, pigs) or contaminated water

57. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Halicephalobiasis Latin name: Halicephalobus gingivalis Body parts affected: brain Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: - Source or Vector: soil-contaminated wounds

58. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Loa loa filariasis, Calabar swellings Latin name: Loa loa filaria Body parts affected: connective tissue, lungs, eye Diagnostic specimen: blood (Giemsa, haematoxylin, eosin stain) Prevalence: rain forest of West Africa – 12–13 million people Source or Vector: Tabanidae – horsefly, bites in the day

59. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Mansonelliasis, filariasis Latin name: Mansonella streptocerca Body parts affected: subcutaneous layer of skin Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: - Source or Vector: insect

60. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: River blindness, onchocerciasis Latin name: Onchocerca volvulus Body parts affected: skin, eye, tissue Diagnostic specimen: bloodless skin snip Prevalence: Africa, Yemen, Central and South America near cool, fast flowing rivers Source or Vector: Simulium/black fly, bites during the day

61. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Strongyloidiasis – Parasitic pneumonia Latin name: Strongyloides stercoralis Body parts affected: intestines, lungs, skin (Larva currens) Diagnostic specimen: stool, blood Prevalence: - Source or Vector: skin penetration

62. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Thelaziasis Latin name: Thelazia californiensis, Thelazia callipaeda Body parts affected: eyes Diagnostic specimen: ocular examination Prevalence: Asia, Europe Source or Vector: Amiota (Phortica) variegata, Phortica okadai

63. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Toxocariasis Latin name: Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina Body parts affected: liver, brain, eyes (Toxocara canis – visceral larva migrans, ocular larva migrans) Diagnostic specimen: blood, ocular examination Prevalence: worldwide distribution Source or Vector: pica, unwashed food contaminated with Toxocara eggs, undercooked livers of chicken

64. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Trichinosis Latin name: Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, Trichinella nelsoni, Trichinella nativa Body parts affected: muscle, periorbital region, small intestine Diagnostic specimen: blood Prevalence: more common in developing countries due to improved feeding practices in developed countries. Source or Vector: ingestion of undercooked pork

65. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Whipworm Latin name: Trichuris trichiura, Trichuris vulpis Body parts affected: large intestine, anus Diagnostic specimen: stool (eggs) Prevalence: common worldwide Source or Vector: accidental ingestion of eggs in dry goods such as beans, rice, and various grains or soil contaminated with human feces

66. Category: Endoparasites Roundworms Common name: Elephantiasis – Lymphatic filariasis Latin name: Wuchereria bancrofti Body parts affected: lymphatic system Diagnostic specimen: thick blood smears stained with hematoxylin. Prevalence: tropical and subtropical Source or Vector: mosquito, bites at night

67. Category: Other organisms Common name: Common name of organism or disease Latin name: Latin name (sorted) Body parts affected: Body parts affected Diagnostic specimen: Diagnostic specimen Prevalence: Prevalence Source or Vector: Transmission/Vector

68. Category: Other organisms Common name: Acanthocephaliasis Latin name: Archiacanthocephala, Moniliformis moniliformis Body parts affected: Gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, eye Diagnostic specimen: Faeces, parasite itself Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: ingestion of intermediate hosts

69. Category: Other organisms Common name: Halzoun syndrome Latin name: Linguatula serrata Body parts affected: nasopharynx Diagnostic specimen: physical examination Prevalence: Mid East Source or Vector: ingestion of raw or undercooked lymph nodes (e.g., meat from infected camels and buffaloes)

70. Category: Other organisms Common name: Myiasis Latin name: Oestroidea, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae Body parts affected: dead or living tissue Diagnostic specimen: - Prevalence: - Source or Vector: -

71. Category: Other organisms Common name: Screwworm, Cochliomyia Latin name: Cochliomyia hominivorax (family Calliphoridae) Body parts affected: skin and wounds Diagnostic specimen: visual Prevalence: North America (eradicated), Central America, North Africa Source or Vector: direct contact with fly

72. Category: Other organisms Common name: Chigoe flea Latin name: Tunga penetrans Body parts affected: Subcutaneous tissue Diagnostic specimen: physical examination Prevalence: Central and South America, Sub-Saharan Africa Source or Vector: -

73. Category: Other organisms Common name: Human botfly Latin name: Dermatobia hominis Body parts affected: Subcutaneous tissue Diagnostic specimen: physical examination Prevalence: Central and South America Source or Vector: mosquitoes and biting flies

74. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Common name of organism or disease Latin name: Latin name (sorted) Body parts affected: Body parts affected Diagnostic specimen: Diagnostic specimen Prevalence: Prevalence Source or Vector: Transmission/Vector

75. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Head louse – Pediculosis Latin name: Pediculus humanus capitis Body parts affected: hair follicles Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: common worldwide Source or Vector: head-to-head contact

76. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Body louse – Pediculosis Latin name: Pediculus humanus humanus Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification (Vagabond's disease) Prevalence: common worldwide Source or Vector: skin-to-skin contact such as sexual activity and via sharing clothing or bedding

77. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Crab louse –Phthiriasis Latin name: Pthirus pubis Body parts affected: pubic area, eyelashes Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: common worldwide Source or Vector: skin-to-skin contact such as sexual activity and via sharing clothing or bedding

78. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: "Chiggers" (Trombiculidae) – Trombiculosis Latin name: Arachnida: Trombiculidae Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification, microscopy Prevalence: worldwide (mesic habitats) Source or Vector: high grass, weeds

79. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Flea Latin name: Siphonaptera: Pulicinae Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: environment

80. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Bed bug Latin name: Cimicidae: Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: clothing, bedding, personal possessions

81. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Tick Latin name: Arachnida: Ixodidae and Argasidae Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: high grass, leaf litter, weeds

82. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Mosquito Latin name: Insecta: Diptera Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: high grass, weeds

83. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Demodex – Demodicosis Latin name: Demodex folliculorum/brevis/canis Body parts affected: eyebrow, eyelashes, skin, face, scalp Diagnostic specimen: microscopy of eyelash or eyebrow hair follicle, cellophane tape method (CTP), squeezing method, skin scrapings Prevalence: pandemic, worldwide Source or Vector: Commensal, prolonged skin-to-skin contact

84. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Scabies Latin name: Sarcoptes scabiei Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: microscopy of surface scrapings Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: skin-to-skin contact such as sexual activity and via sharing clothing or bedding

85. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Red mite — Gamasoidosis Latin name: Dermanyssus gallinae Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: nesting birds, pets, poultry farming

86. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Northern fowl mite — Gamasoidosis Latin name: Ornithonyssus sylviarum Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: nesting birds, poultry farming

87. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Tropical fowl mite — Gamasoidosis Latin name: Ornithonyssus bursa Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: nesting birds, poultry farming

88. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Tropical rat mite — Rodent mite dermatitis Latin name: Ornithonyssus bacoti Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: rodent infestations

89. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: Spiny rat mite — Rodent mite dermatitis Latin name: Laelaps echidnina Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: rodent infestations

90. Category: Ectoparasites Common name: House mouse mite — Rodent mite dermatitis Latin name: Liponyssoides sanguineus Body parts affected: skin Diagnostic specimen: visual identification under magnification Prevalence: worldwide Source or Vector: rodent infestations