Load frequency control (LFC) is one of the most important tools in power system control. LFC is an auxiliary service related to the short-term balance of energy and frequency of power systems.ppt

Load frequency control (LFC) is one of the most important tools in power system control. LFC is an auxiliary service related to the short-term balance of energy and frequency of power systems.

1. LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL
(KONSEP DASAR)

2. 1. KONSEP DASAR GOVERNOR
CONTROLLER = Pengontrol/ Pengendali/ Otak (Elektronik)
PLANT = Equipment yang dikontrol, Rangkaian dari mulai
Pilot Valve s.d. Turbin
PENGUKUR = Sistem Pengukuran mulai dari Sensor s.d.
Transducer (Elektrik, Elektronik)
SET POINT = Nilai Referensi (Konstanta) yang ditetapkan setara
dengan putaran Turbin
S (SUMMER) = Operator penjumlah
e (ERROR) = Nilai selisih antara Set Point dgn. Hasil Ukur

CONTROLLER PLANT
PENGUKUR
Set Point e
S
Putaran

3. 2. KOMPONEN 2 DLM. GOVERNOR REGULATOR
2.1. DEAD BAND (Daerah Batasan Kerja Frekuensi)
CONTROLLER PLANT
PENGUKUR
Set Point e
S
Putaran
DB
Frekuensi (Hz)
50 50,5
49,5
e
50,1
49,9

4. 2. KOMPONEN 2 DLM. GOVERNOR REGULATOR
2.2. PID CONTROLLER
PLANT
PENGUKUR
Set Point e
S
Putaran
DB
Proportional
Integral
Derivative
t
e
INPUT
t
P
t
I
t
D
O U T P U T

5. 2 KOMPONEN 2 DLM. GOVERNOR REGULATOR
2.3. SPEED DROOP
FULL
OPEN
FULL
CLOSE
50 Hz
10 %
S/D
P
L
A
N
T
PENGUKUR
Set Point
e
S
Putaran
DB
SER
VO
P
I
D
CONV
&
C/V
ACTUATOR

6. 2. KOMPONEN 2 DLM. GOVERNOR REGULATOR
2.4. 65 P (LOAD RAISE/LOWER)
ACTUATOR
Putaran
Set Point
S
P
L
A
N
T
PENGUKUR
SER
VO
CONV
&
C/V
e
DB
P
I
D
S/D
65P
R/L
OPERATOR

7. 2. KOMPONEN 2 DLM. GOVERNOR REGULATOR
2.5. POSISI LFC
Putaran
Set Point
S
P
L
A
N
T
PENGUKUR
SER
VO
CONV
&
C/V
ACTUATOR
e
DB
P
I
D
S/D
65P
R/L
OPERATOR L F C

8. 3. LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL
3.1. FUNGSI LFC
CADANGAN BEBAN
TERDISTRIBUSI
PROPORSIONAL
KESTABILAN
SUPLAI BEBAN
SISTEM TERJAMIN
L F C
MENGATUR
SUPLAI BEBAN
PEMBANGKIT
TERPASANG
PADA BEBERAPA
PEMBANGKIT BESAR
FLUKTUASI
BEBAN
SISTEM

9. 3. LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL
3.2. KONFIGURASI GOVERNOR-LFC
KONVIGURASI
GOVERNOR-LFC
SISTEM
KONTROL
CASCADE
MENGATUR
CADANGAN BEBAN
PEMBANGKIT
SESUAI KEBUTUHAN
SISTEM
Beban
CONTROLLER PLANT
PENGUKUR
Set Point
S
G O V E R N O RL F C
DB
e

10. 3. LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL
3.3. KONFIGURASI LFC
LFC
PROPORTIONAL
CONTROLLER
SET POINT TERSEBAR
& DIATUR OLEH UBS
P3B & FREQUENCY SISTEM
Pset = Po + N.Pr + K.dF
X
X
Fo
K PFM
65 P
R/L
P
Po
Pr
N
F
K
LIMITER

11. 3. LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL
3.4. FAKTOR-FAKTOR SET POINT
Pset = Po + N.Pr + K. F
• Pset = The Power Set Point at 50 Hz
• Po = The Basic Setting of the unit for LFC Operation
• Pr = The half-control bandwidth around Po
• N = The control signal broadcast from JCC for LFC operation
• K.F = The primary regulation component
• N = Formulasi parameter controller pembangkit-pembangkit
= - 
PR
o
t
F.dt +
- 
PR F

12. 3. LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL
3.5. FAKTOR N
= - 
PR
o
t
F.dt +
- 
PR F
N
=
MW/Cycle .
MW
Cycle .
t
t -
MW/Hz
MW
. Hz
= BILANGAN
= The integration gain coefficient MW/cycle)
= The proportional gain coefficient (MW/Hz)
PR = Pr (MW)


13. 4. RECOVERY LFC PLTA SAGULING
4.1. PERMASALAHAN LFC PLTA SAGULING
RSE S/Y
RUSAK
SISTEM KOMUNIKASI
LFC TERGANGGU
PROTOCOL
TERTUTUP
RTU JCC S/Y RSE LFCD
• RSE = Remote Supervisory Equipment
• S/Y = Switch Yard
• RTU = Remote Terminal Unit
• SCE = Supervisory Control Equipment
• ASCE = Automatic Sequence Control Equipment
• LFCD = LFC Control Desk
• JCC = Java Control Center
SCE Unit ASCE

14. 4. RECOVERY LFC PLTA SAGULING
4.2. PENANGGULANGAN LFC PLTA SAGULING
RECOVERY
LFC
DESIGN
OUT
CREATE
LFC BARU
KONVIG.
SESUAI
EXISTING
LEPAS DARI
KETERGANTUNGAN
PENANGANAN
GANGGUAN
LEBIH CEPAT
OPEN
STANDARD

15. 4. RECOVERY LFC PLTA SAGULING
4.3. LFC BARU PLTA SAGULING
PLANT
RTU JCC RTU SGL S/Y RTU SGL PH MMI SGL PH

KONFIGURASI BARU

16. 5. KARAKTERISTIK PENGATURAN LFC
RTU JCC
TRANSDUCER P H
GOVERNOR ACTUATOR ( MEKANIK )
LVG SERVO PMGTURBINE GEN.
LOAD
LIMITER
GOVERNOR REGULATOR ( E. ANALOG )
PA CONV
POSITION
DETECTOR
STANDAR
SIGNAL
P
SD
65 P
R/L
PD
I
D
DBSD
FREQ
SETTER
SPEED
DETECTOR
POWER
AMP
DEAD
BAND
SPEED
DROOP
Po
K
LIMITER
PFM
F
X
Fo
X Pr
Po
P
NEW L F C
( E. DIGITAL )
K
N