Load restraint Safe (Loading and unloading on vehicles)

Scope
To provides information and guidance to transport operators, drivers, loading staff and key stakeholders who are involved in loading on vehicles
Objectives:
Aims to raise the awareness of and inculcate the basic safety principles that must be followed, and to conduct proper risk assessment for the types of cargo transported.

1. GUIDE FOR Safe Loading and unloading on vehicles Develop by: Associate IIRSM – Technician IOSH- NASP STS/SPS Ammar Hassan PDO site HSE representative HSE Coaching & Assurance IRCA Global Oman LOAD RESTRAINT

2. Safe Loading Scope To provides information and guidance to transport operators, drivers, loading staff and key stakeholders who are involved in loading on vehicles Objectives: Aims to raise the awareness of and inculcate the basic safety principles that must be followed, and to conduct proper risk assessment for the types of cargo transported.

3. Basic Principles The load in a vehicle must at all times be in no danger to any person in or on the vehicle or on the road. The load carried must at all times be secured totally , so that no danger to any person. 3

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5. A. What is Safe Loading? 5

6. What is Safe Loading? For any type of cargoes, that: Must be contained or secured, and safely placed in / onto the vehicles Properly & adequately secured on vehicles Shall not cause danger to any persons, including the driver Shall not cause danger to the public 6

7. What is Unsafe Loading? Incidents happened due to unsafe loading: 7

8. What is Unsafe Loading? It means: Inadequately secured cargo could fall off the vehicle cause traffic congestion and others could be hurt or killed. Inadequately secured cargo could hurt or kill the driver during strong braking or a crash. The steering of a vehicle can be affected by how the cargo is distributed and/or secured on the vehicle, making it more difficult to control the vehicle 8

9. Ten Commandments for Safe Loading Check the vehicle before loading Determine the securing method Check the blocking equipment Check the securing equipment Check the load distribution / Centre of Gravity as low as possible 9

10. Ten Commandments for Safe Loading Check the cargo securing regularly Use equipment which supports cargo securing Ensure securing arrangements cause no damage to the goods Drive smoothly, avoid sudden turn and heavy breaking Ensure body conditions are fit for driving and/or working 10

11. 11 The center of gravity is the exact point on which the entire load will balance. For loads of consistent material, this point will always be near the center of the load. If a load contains materials with different weights or densities, the load center will be on the side containing the heavy material. For example: If a pallet contains bricks on one side and pillows on the other, the center of gravity will obviously be closer to the side of the pallet containing the bricks. The distance from the edge of the load to the center of gravity is very important. If possible, the load must always be picked up on the side that is closest to the center of gravity. This will keep the load’s weight closer to the loader. center of gravity

12. 12 If not directly below the hook the load is unstable If the sling is free to slide across the hook the center of gravity will shift directly below the hook If two slings are used one will assume the greater share of the load

13. For Safe Loading General Requirements

14. Vehicles for Different Cargo Loads Different types of vehicles are used according to the types of loads The vehicle must be designed for the load, i.e. anchor points, platform, headboard. 14

15. Vehicles for Different Cargo Loads 15

16. Headboard Able to prevent the horizontal force when loads (e.g. metal bars, beams, pipes, girders, sheet metal, etc.) are liable to penetrate the cab of the vehicle in the event of failure of the securing devices. The top load must not be above the headboard 16

17. Types of Headboard Headboard 17 Headboard fitted on trailer Headboard behind cabin Headboard on lorry

18. Stanchions To provide lateral restrain of the loads Must be extended to the height of the loads Able to resist any outward movement of the loads Sufficient number of stanchions shall be installed, e.g. 20-footer trailer (2 stanchions on each side), 40-footer trailer (4 stanchions on each side) 18

19. Anchorage Points Anchorage points: Points to hold the securing devices Anchor points shall be provided to suit the type and nature of load 19

20. Load Securing Equipments Load Securing Equipments: Securing equipments such as chains, rope, web, etc. should be considered depending on the type of load 20

21. Lashing / Tie-down To use adequate and proper lashing devices Checked and retightened regularly Tie-down method – Prevention of load movement by friction Direct restraint method – Restrained load movement by containing, blocking and attaching 21

22. Stacking / Placement of Cargoes 22 Cargo placement is stable before applying las hing Disposed uniforml y Centre of Gravity a s low as possible Every load must be secured or restrained

23. Stacking / Placement of Cargoes Stacking / Placement of Cargoes: 23

24. Roles and Responsibility

25. Management To ensure that sufficient resources are available To appoint competent persons to carry out the task To ensure that risk assessment is being conducted and approved 25

26. Operation Personals In-charge of operation planning and give instructions to drivers To prepare the risk assessment for each operation 26

27. Drivers To check the vehicle and ancillary equipment To take precautions to prevent vehicle movement during loading / unloading To ensure that the cargo is properly loaded To ensure that the load is secured To report all loading issues 27

28. RISK ASSESSMENT

29. Importance of Risk Assessment Identifying Hazards Hazards associated with activity Assessing Risks Assess risk level based on severity & likelihood Prioritizing Controls Determine additional control measures required to reduce the risk 29

30. Roles of Risk Assessment The Management and Operation Staff : To equip with knowledge of risk assessment method To recommend appropriate risk assessment for each operation Driver: To adhere to the established risk assessment to reduce the safety risk 30

31. Risk Assessment Form 31 Company: XYP Co. Ltd Conducted by: (Name, designations) (Date) Mark Man , Operation, Supervisor; Peter lee, Driver 01 Jan.2014 Process /Location: Loading of Tyres on Vehicles Approved by: (Name, designation) (Date) Ali , Director 01 Dec.2013 Last Review Date 01 Jan. 2014 Next Review Date 01 Dec.2014 Necessary information required on the Risk Assessment Form :

32. June 2002 32 ONE FIFTH OF WEIGHT UPWARDS Rough Roads Braking Accelerating, or Reverse braking Cornering (Both Sides) LOAD RESTRAINT PRINCIPLES HALF WEIGHT OF LOAD REARWARDS HALF WEIGHT OF LOAD SIDEWAYS FULL WEIGHT OF LOAD FORWARDS

33. 33 Pre-move route surveys are mandatory for high and wide loads including rig trailers (with ROP escort further in front).

34. 34 Basic requirements for load restraint A vehicle that is appropriate for each load to be carried shall be selected, taking into consideration characteristics including: the design and materials of construction of the vehicle; the maximum carrying capacity of the vehicle in relation to the weight of the load and any mobile equipment (such as forklifts) that will be used on the vehicle for loading the length, height and width of the vehicle in relation to the load, so that a load can be contained within the vehicle if possible and avoid the need for an escort. Choice of vehicles

35. Safe Loading on Vehicles Guidebook To download a softcopy of the load restrain presentation visit website: http://www.slideshare.net/ammar02 35

36. Thank You ! Safety is in Our Hand