Logo Programming language

it's about an educational programming language which was designed for children learning through entertainment. The logo was created in 1967 at Bolt, Beranek and Newman, a Cambridge, Massachusetts research firm, by Wally Feurzeig, Cynthia Solomon, and Seymour Papert. Its intellectual roots are in artificial intelligence, mathematical logic, and developmental psychology.Logo's most-known feature is the turtle, an on-screen "cursor" that showed output from commands for movement and small retractable pen, together producing line graphics. There are 197 variations of the Logo Language and 130 existing implementations but broadly used and prevalent early implementation of Logo is the logo of Apple Inc. It was a primary influence on the Smalltalk programming language. For easily coding in Logo Language Stephane Norte & Fernando G. Lobo from UAlg informatics Laboratory at the University of Algarve, Portugal implemented an on-screen keyboard name Virtual Logo Keyboard. you can download the keyboard from http://w3.ualg.pt/~snorte/LogoKeyboard.htm

1. LOGO 1

2. What is LOGO ? 2

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4. Contents History Why the Turtle Implementations Features Language Concept Basic Commands Example Logo Keyboard Reference 4

5. History Logo is an educational programming language D esigned in 1967 by Feurzeig , Papert & Solomon. T urtle robot. At BBN Paul Wexelblat developed a turtle named Irving. Widely known for its use of turtle graphics . 5

6. Why the turtle Turtle an On-Screen “CURSOR” Directed to move around and draw by typing commands at computer Designed to be programmed by children Less expensive version created on computer 6

7. I mplementations 130 existing implementations. 7

8. Features Graphics / Music Extensible Modularity Interactivity Flexibility 8

9. Language Concept Basic commands Control Structures while condition until condition repeat number 9 Recursion Scoping Global variables Local variables

10. Basic Command FD 100 - moves the turtle forward 100 units BK 50 - moves the turtle back 50 units RT 45 - turns the turtle 45 degrees to the right LT 90 - turns the turtle 90 degrees to the left Home - Returns the turtle to its origin CS - Erases the screen 10

11. E xamples Turtle Moves forward 100 units and turns 90º 4 times. FD 100 RT 90 FD 100 RT 90 FD 100 RT 90 FD 100 RT 90 REPEAT 4 [FD 100 RT 90] 11

12. Examples (cont..) 12

13. Logo Keyboard 13 Keyboard Link: http://w3.ualg.pt/~snorte/LogoKeyboard.htm

14. References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_(programming_language ) http://home.sbc.edu.hk/~cpu/EMI/F1/Notes/LOGO/Logo_introduction_.ppt 14

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