LPG GAS DETECTOR presentation for engineers

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1. Present ing by 1 A Nitheesha Reddy (21QM1A0401) 2 B Sai Bhavith Reddy (21QM1A0407) 3 P Omkar Goud (21QM1A0448) 4 V Sowjanya Reddy (21QM1A0463) 5 P Keerth an Reddy (21QM1A0464) Under the Guidance of : Guide Name: Dr. B. V andana Designation: Associate Professor Embedded System Design for Detecting LPG Gas

2. Contents Introduction Literature study Problem statement Problem Scoping Why and Who needs this Aim/Objective Tools Required Methodology Working Principle Results and Discussions Conclusions Future works References

3. Introduction Nowadays, safety is the major concern in many fields due to fire accidents and blasts due to LPG gas leakage. At present, LPG gas can be used in the car, in the storage tank or service station. But, due to some reasons the LPG gas might leak from the gas cylinders, this may cause the cylinder blast, damage the house and risk of a life to the living persons in the house. The fire ignite can be occurred due to many reasons such as an electrical short circuit , oil lamps or candles kept inside the house. Sometimes fire accidents are very small, but if proper action is not taken to control the fire, then it can spread in complete house.

4. Literature Study S. No TITLE OF THE PAPER AUTHORS CONFERENCE/JOURNAL NAME YEAR PROBLEM ADDRESS 1. A Gas Leakage Detection Using IOT   C K Gomathy S. Megha Shyam Raju, K.Sheshank Reddy, 2nd International Conference on Computing and Communications Technologies (ICCCT) (pp. 327-333). IEEE 2021 Develop an android application for android based smart phones which is capable to receive data from robot directly through Bluetooth. This application warns the person with an indication whenever there is an occurrence of gas leakage at that particular hazardous place. 2. Management of Indoor Gas Safety based on the NB-IoT Gas Meter Liang Jinfeng Cai Chen Cheng Xiaowei Wang Wei 33 rd Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC) 2021 Gas safety alarm device can detect gas leakage for the first time device based on an NB-IoT gas meter and alarm which can realize leakage by wireless connection and combined with gas safety monitoring and remote transmission functions is established.

5. Literature Study S. No TITLE OF THE PAPER AUTHORS CONFERENCE/JOURNAL NAME YEAR PROBLEM ADDRESS 3. Implementation and design gas leakage detection system using ATMega8 microcontroller N Evalina A Azis H 3rd International Conference on Engineering and Applied Technology (ICEAT)   Volume 821 , 2020 The MQ-6 is the gas Sensor used to detect leakage gas LPG It detects gas leaks that are then legible on the LCD screen and alarm the buzzer will sound. This MQ-6 sensor test is performed by measuring the sensor output with the ATmega8 microcontroller . 4. Gas Leakage Detection and Smart Alerting and Prediction Using IoT Asmita Varma, Prabhakar S, Kayalvizhi Jayave Second International Conference On Computing and Communications Technologies(ICCCT’17) 2020 The system uses an MQ-2 sensor which detects gases like LPG, CH4, CO, The system cuts off the main power supply of the house when the concentration of gas is about to reach its Lower Explosion Limit The Gas Leakage Detector System also sends the sensor reading to cloud so that analytics for increasing the precision of the system

6. Gas leakage is nothing but the leak of any gaseous molecule from a stove, or a pipeline, or cylinder. This can occur either purposefully or even unintendedly such as poor or degraded fittings/connections between the gas line and a specific appliance, lack of proper appliance maintenance and appliance malfunctions . These kinds of leaks are dangerous to our health, and when it becomes explosive it could cause great danger to the people, home, workplace, industry and the environment. As per the report given by the OMCs , LPG gas related accidents are highest 1151 reported in the year 2017 followed by 1019 in 2020 and 983 in 2018 in India . Source: https://www.the hindu.in/nation/5122-incidents-of-accidents-involving-lpg-in-6-yrs-govt-511914 PROBLEM STATEMENT

7. Homemakers Industrial Workers To prevent the fire accidents To ensure the safety of human life To avoid the property loss Manufacturers Distributers Retailers Fire Department Home Owners Commercial Buisness Problem Scoping

8. Why and Who needs this They are designed to give early warning of the build-up of gas or fire before it becomes a hazard to people, infrastructure and the environment. The primary reason to design the detector is to monitor the gas leak 24/7, by a human is a bit tough though the gas leaks have few symptoms it is risky while the sensors can detect the gas leaks and helps people. Insurance companies may not provide cover to businesses that cannot prove appropriate safety measures to detect harmful gases and detection of flames, smoke, heat, or fire. A gas detector can sound an alarm to operators in the area where the leak is occurring, giving them the opportunity to leave. This type of device is important because there are many gases that can be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals. The gas detectors can be used for the detection of combustible, flammable, and poisonous gases and for loss of oxygen, and also to detect a gas leak or other pollutants. It makes the area where the leak occurs a warning sound and instructs operators to leave the area .

9. Aim and Objective The aim of LPG gas detectors is to protect people and property by detecting the presence of LPG gas leaks and alerting them to the danger in a timely manner. It is designed to detect low levels of LPG gas with the help of information stored in the firebase the app gives indications to the client. This helps to prevent gas explosions and fires caused by leakage of LPG gas. They are used in a variety of settings such as homes, commercial buildings, and industrial facilities that use LPG gas for heating, cooking, or other purposes.

10. Tools Required BUZZER CABLE MQ135 SENSOR CONNECTING WIRES NODEMCU

11. Methodology The MQ 135 gas sensor module consists of sensing element . This sensing element is subjected to current through connecting leads. The gases coming close to the sensing element get ionized and are absorbed by the sensing element. MQ 135 Sensor A0 pin is connected to Node MCU A0 pin Gnd and VCC pins of MQ135 sensor are connected to node MCU Gnd and Vin pins And buzzer pins are connected to postive terminal D0 and negative pin is connected to Gnd   value recorded by the sensor is sent to the NODE MCU microcontroller Its values get stored in the cloud in the FireBase the threshold value is 300-10,000 ppm If the recorded value is greater than the threshold value then the buzzer gets ON and simultaneously through the app people will get to know the location of the area where the gas leaks occurred

12. BLOCK DIAGRAM MQ 135 Air Quality Sensor Buzzer Mobile Map Alerting Node MCU

13. Application UI Designer Screens

14. Working principle Node MCU NodeMCU is an open-source platform, its hardware design is open for edit/modify/build. NodeMCU is an open-source firmware functioning as a dual in-line package (DIP) that integrates a USB controller with a smaller surface-mounted board containing the MCU and antenna. Buzzer: The or which open-source prototyping board designs are available. The prototyping hardware typically used is a circuit board buzzer is a sounding device that can convert audio signals into sound signals. It is usually powered by DC voltage. It is widely used in alarms, computers, printers and other electronic products as sound devices MQ-135 Air quality sensor : A device that is used to detect or measure or : onitor the gases like ammonia, benzene, sulfur, carbon dioxide, smoke, and other harmful gases are called as an air quality gas sensor. The MQ135 air quality sensor, which belongs to the series of MQ gas sensors, is widely used to detect harmful gases and smoke in the fresh air. Adaptor : A simple AC adapter consists of a transformer, a rectifier, and an electronic filter. The transformer initially converts a relatively high-voltage alternating current that is supplied by an electrical outlet to a lower voltage suitable for the device being powered.

15. Results and Discussion This project helps to avoid fire accidents which are due to gas leaks as it aims to address the problem and will help industrial workers, and homemakers, and prevent property loss. By the usage of the MQ135 sensor we are combining IoT in our daily life. Hence, LPG leakage detection is essential to prevent accidents and save human lives. This system triggers the buzzer to alert people when LPG leakage is detected. This system is very simple yet reliable. It helps prevent the high risk of gas explosions and affecting any casualties within and outside the premises.

16. Conclusion The design of a LPG gas leak detector and locator with an alert and control system has been proposed and discussed in this project. This is a low-cost, low power, lightweight, portable, safe, user friendly, efficient, multi featured and simple system device for detecting gas.

17. Future Work In the future, we can work on this device and include multiple functions. One of the notable future functions of this device could be adding a sub-system where wastage of gas and the uses of gas can be monitored using this system. This device is flexible as a greater number of sensors and relays can be added to it according to the whole LPG supply setup in those premises. We can further add more software-based intelligent functions with this system. This is an automatic gas detection, control, and alert system. In the future, this system will have a feature where it can notify the emergency services if any accidents happen. The overall features will make the system more safe for the users. The system will be optimized for use in many places like the car, the home, industries, and many other places. After designing the final prototype with smart multifunctional features, the system will be implemented in real-life scenarios as a pilot project.

18. References R. K. Pathinarupothi, P. Durga and E. S. Rangana, "IoT-Based Smart Edge for Global Health: Remote Monitoring with Severity Detection and Alerts Transmission",  IEEE Internet of Things Journal , vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 2449-2462, April 2019 Mahalingam, A., R. T. Naayagi, and N. E. Mastorakis. "Design and implementation of an economic gas leakage detector." Recent Researches in Applications of Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 20-24, 2012. Attia, Hussain A., and Halah Y. Ali. "Electronic Design of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Leakage Monitoring, Alarm, and Protection System based on Discrete Components." International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, vol. 11, no. 19, pp. 9721-9726, 2016. Apeh, S. T., K. B. Erameh, and U. Iruansi. "Design and Development of Kitchen Gas Leakage Detection and Automatic Gas Shut off System." Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 5, no. 3, pp.222-228, 2014. T.Soundarya, J.V. Anchitaalagammai, G. Deepa Priya, S.S. Karthick Kumar , M C-Leakage: Cylinder LPG Gas Leakage Detection for Home Safety,” IOSRJournal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 9, no. 1, Ver. VI, pp. 53-58, Feb. 2014. Ashish Shrivastava, Ratnesh Prabhaker, Rajeev Kumar, Rahul Verma, "GSMbased gas leakage detection system." International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 42-45, 2013.

19. Any Questions?

20. Thank You!