LS_Digital-Literacy_DigitalConcepts_Types-of-Computer.pptx

Computer Subject

1. SUPERCOMPUTER Types of Computer

2. S UPERCOMPUTER is a computer that performs at or near the currently highest operational rate for computers.  supercomputers have been used for scientific and engineering applications that must handle vast databases or do a great amount of computation a supercomputer is exceptional in terms of performance.

3. H ISTORY The history of supercomputing goes back to the 1960s, with the  Atlas  at the  University of Manchester , the  IBM 7030 Stretch  and a series of computers at  Control Data Corporation  (CDC ). D esigned by  Seymour Cray . These used innovative designs and parallelism to achieve superior computational peak performance

4. The first Atlas was officially commissioned on 7 December 1962 as one of the world's first supercomputers  – considered to be the most powerful computer in the world at that time by a considerable margin, and equivalent to four  IBM 7094s . Cray left CDC in 1972 to form his own company,  Cray Research .

5. While the supercomputers of the 1980s used only a few processors, in the 1990s, machines with thousands of processors began to  appear in Japan  and the United States, setting new computational performance records.  Fujitsu 's  Numerical Wind Tunnel  supercomputer used 166 vector processors to gain the top spot in 1994 with a peak speed of 1.7  gigaFLOPS (GFLOPS)  per processor.

6. Operating systems Since the end of the 20th century,  supercomputer operating systems  have undergone major transformations, based on the changes in  supercomputer architecture . While early operating systems were custom tailored to each supercomputer to gain speed, the trend has been to move away from in-house operating systems to the adaptation of generic software such as  Linux .

7. Since modern  massively parallel  supercomputers typically separate computations from other services by using multiple types of  nodes , they usually run different operating systems on different nodes, e.g. using a small and efficient  lightweight kernel  such as  CNK  or  CNL  on compute nodes, but a larger system such as a  Linux -derivative on server and  I/ O nodes .

8. APPLICATION OF SUPERCOMPUTER IN DAILY LIFE

9. fluid dynamics weather patterns seismic activity prediction nuclear explosion dynamics human genome sequencing credit card transaction processing design and testing of modern aircraft molecular modeling cryptology Supercomputers are used to perform the most compute-intensive tasks of modern times

10. PH gets its first supercomputer

11. The Philippines, through the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), is getting its first-ever supercomputer via a donation made by tech giant IBM . The acquisition, announced during the IBM 2013 Technology Conference and Expo at the Edsa Shangri-La Hotel in Mandaluyong City, is expected to equip the country with high performance computing capabilities needed to develop practical solutions to pressing local problems

12. Called the “IBM Blue Gene”, the supercomputer will be housed at the University of the Philippines under the DOST’s supervision. The unit is expected to arrive soon, according to IBM Philippines . The supercomputer will be the fastest, most powerful single computer infrastructure in the Philippines. It is expected to enhance the technical computing capabilities of Filipino scientist, allowing high-speed processing and crunching of massive datasets with low power consumption.

13. The supercomputer will be the fastest, most powerful single computer infrastructure in the Philippines. It is expected to enhance the technical computing capabilities of Filipino scientist, allowing high-speed processing and crunching of massive datasets with low power consumption . IBM Blue Gene is seen as helpful in areas like climate modeling and weather prediction, nuclear energy, and research and development (R&D) for life sciences, such as gene sequencing and drug discovery.

14. The supercomputer will primarily be used to support the Philippine government’s priority R&D projects focused on reducing poverty, improving government processes, and tools and enabling smarter weather management, as based on the National Economic Development Authority’s Medium Term Development Plan.

15. The Philippines to Use Blue Gene Supercomputer for Weather Forecasting

16. By the end of 2013, the Philippines will be the first country in Southeast Asia to acquire an IBM Blue Gene Supercomputer to improve its weather forecasting system and genomics research . "The Blue Gene supercomputer opens many doors for the country and reduces our uncertainty (in R&D). Our vision for a Smarter Philippines needs breakthrough instruments such as this, to propel us toward advancement," said Department of Science and Technology Secretary Mario G. Montejo.

17. Considered as one of the fastest and most powerful computers in the world, the Secretary said it will enable local scientists to perform highly technical and scientific calculations in the areas of weather and climate modeling, and genomics . Secretary highlighting its capability to further improve the government's Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards project.