Lymphopenia

presented by HAFIZ M WASEEM
university of education LAHORE Pakistan
i am from mailsi vehari and studied in lahore
bsc in science college multan
msc from lahore

1. HAFIZ M WASEEM UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION LAHORE

2. University of education Lower mall campus Lahore Topic name: Lymphopenia

3. Content Lymphopenia Lymphocytes Types Causes Symptoms Test and dignoses Treatment and cure

4. What is lymphopenia? Lymphopenia is also referred to as lymphocytopenia is a disorder in which lymphocytes count in our blood is lower than normal. It is a disorder in which our blood doesn’t have enough white blood cellss.

5. What are lymphocytes? Lymphocytes are a kind of white blood cell. These cells are made in the bone marrow along with other kinds of blood cells. They are the part of our immune system. These essential cells circulate in blood and lymph fluid. They defend our body by attacking at the first sign of an invasion by harmful organisms. Lymphocytes also play a key role in triggering other immune actions and help in building our body’s immunity through past infections and vaccinations.

6. Types of lymphocytes B lymphocytes T lymphocytes Natural killing cells All of these cells help protect the body from infection. Most people who have lymphocytopenia have low numbers of T lymphocytes. Sometimes they also have low numbers of the other types of lymphocytes.

7. Causes of Lymphopenia Acquired cause Acquired" means we are not born with this condition, but we develop it. One of the most common acquired causes of lymphocytopenia is AIDS. Autoimmune disorder Autoimmune disorders occur if the immune system is in overdrive and incorrectly attacks the body’s own cells and Tissues. E.g Myasthenia gravis

8. Continue Infections Viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections are a common cause of lymphocytopenia. E.g HIV Inhereted causes Inherited or congenital causes of lymphocytopenia are rare. E.g Ataxia-telangiectasia Gestrointestinol causes Conditions that damage the gut wall can affect the body’s absorption of nutrients and may lead to lymphocytopenia in some cases.

9. What are symptoms Fever Cough Runny nose Enlarged lymph nodes Small tonsils or lymph nodes Painful joints Skin rash Night sweats Weight loss

10. Test and dignoses A complete blood count (CBC) can determine our lymphocyte level. A special blood test called a lymphocyte profile, also known as a lymphocyte subset panel is used to determine the counts of T, B, and NK cells in the body.

11. Treatment options Treatment depends on the cause, and treating the underlying factor will usually resolve the lymphocytopenia. We may also require therapy to prevent infections or other complications due to a compromised immune system. Gamma globulin to help prevent infections that can occur due to B-cell lymphocytopenia Bone marrow stem cell transplant

12. Prevention and Care We are not be able to fully prevent lymphocytopenia, but we can help to increase the efficiency of our immune system and protect against infections. followw a healthy diet plan, get plenty of rest, and avoid germs as your body recovers its lymphocyte levels.

13. References Medically reviewed by Stacy Sampson, D.O. Written by Noreen Iftikhar, MD — Updated on February 4, 2019. Staples PJ, Gerding DN, Decker JL, Gordon RS. Incidence of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1974; 17:1–10. Gleeson PA, Toh BH, van Driel IR: Organ-specific autoimmunity induced by lymphopenia. Immunol Rev 1996, 149:97-125. King C, Ilic A, Koelsch K, Sarvetnick N: Homeostatic expansion of T cells during immune insufficiency generates autoimmunity. Cell 2004, 117:265-277.