M2 Structure of Matter Based on Its Shape and Molecular Arrangement.pdf

SCIENCE 8, QUARTER 3

1. MODULE 2
Structure of Matter
Based on Its Shape and
Molecular Arrangement

2. 01. 02. 03.
explain and
illustrate that
particles of matter
move and have
space in between.
describethethreestates
ofmatterbasedonthe
following:
a)arrangementof
particles;and
b)movement of
particles.
appreciate the
importance of particle
model of matter.
After going through his module,
you are expected to:

3. LETS REVIEW
Tell if the given
pictures is SOLID,
LIQUID or GAS
01.

4. SHOW
Cat

5. SHOW
Smoke from the
factory

6. SHOW
Milk

7. SHOW
Stones

8. SHOW
Smoke

9. SHOW
Ocean

10. SHOW
Drop
This Photoby Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

11. SHOW
Vegetables

12. LESSON
AccordingtoAristotle(Greek
Philosopher),anyobjectcanbe
dividedinfinitelyintosmaller
pieces,butDemocritusbelieved
thatifanobjectiscutinto
smallerandfurthersmaller
pieces,onemayfinallyattainthe
smallestindivisibleparticle
whichhereferredtoasatomos,
whichmeansindestructible.

14. Amoleculeisa
particleconsistingof
twoormoreatoms
combinedtogetherin
a specific
arrangement.
Matter and
energymakeupyour
surroundings.

16. Matterismadeup
ofaverysmall
particlescalledatoms.
Itisthebehaviorand
interactionsofatoms
andmoleculeswithina
substance that
determinetheirstate.
This Photoby Unknown Author is
licensed under CC BY

18. Theparticulatemodelofmatterinfigure1thatthe
particlesofsolidscannotmovearoundandtheyvibratealittlein
fixedposition.Thus,theyareincompressible.Theparticles(ions,
atomsormolecules)aretightlypackedtogetherinthesolid.The
forcesbetweentheparticlesareintenseinsuchawaythatthe
particlescannotmovefreelybutcanonlyvibrate.Asaresult,the
solidhasastable,definiteshapeandacertainvolume.Solidscan
onlychangetheirshapebyforce,asiftheywerebrokenorcut.

19. Inliquids,theparticlesareclosertooneanotherbuttheycanmove
aroundeachotherandcanchangepositionsbutnotasfreelyasthoseingas.
Asyouobservefromthegivenexampleofliquid,likecookingoil,it
flows,itsparticlesspreadoutandtaketheshapeofthecontainerwhile
maintainingitsvolume.Thus,liquidshavedefinitevolumebutnodefinite
shape.Particlesinliquidscollideeachotherastheyflowoutofacontainer,
andthesehappensbecausethereareattractionsamongthem.These
attractionsmakeitpossibleforliquidstohaveadefinitevolume.

20. Gasestaketheshapeofthecontainerbecausetheparticlesareableto
movefreelytoallpartsofthecontainer.Gasesmoveinrandommotionandits
particlesmoveatrandomdirectionsveryquickly.Particlesofgasescollideeach
otherandwiththewallsofthecontainerinstraight-linepaths,andchange
theirdirectiononlywhentheyreboundaftercollisions.Theattractions
betweenparticlesisnegligiblebecausetheyarefarfromeachother.This
explainswhyagasspreadsandfillalltheavailablespaceinthecontainer.The
particlemodelofmatterinfigure1explainsthecompressibilityofgases.

22. Matter,regardlessofitsstate,isalways
inconstantrandommotionthatpossesses
energyofmotionknownaskineticenergy
thatisdependentonthetemperature.This
meansthatasyouincreasethetemperature,
atomsandmoleculeswillgainmoreenergy;
asaresult,theywillmoveevenfaster.