MAGNETISM chapter notes for higher studies

Chemistry manual

1. MAGNETISM
If we assume that the magnetic moment arises entirely from unpaired electron spins then the ‘spin only’ formula
can be used to estimate n, the number of unpaired electrons. This gives reasonable agreement for complexes of
the first row of transition metals.

2. Co(+II) forms both tetrahedral and square planar four-
coordinate complexes. These can be distinguished
by magnetic measurements

4. Electrons in the t2g set do
not always contribute to the
orbital angular moment. For
example in the d3, t
2g
3
case,
an electron in the dxz orbital
cannot by rotation be placed
in the dyz orbital as the
orbital already has an
electron of the same spin.
This process is also called
quenching.

10. Limitation of CFT
•Fails to explain the spectrochemical series
•CFT treats ligands as point charges or dipoles interacting electrostatically with the metal ion and neglects
covalent bonding
•Mainly, the d-orbitals are studied. The s and p orbitals aren’t studied here

??????