Main Elements of a Technical Report.pptx

This talks about the categories of a report that must be included for ut to be of the best quality and what not to include

1. CVE 401: Technical Report Writing MAIN ELEMENTS OF A REPORT Gabriel Olukayode Adunoye Department of Civil Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Reference Material: Technical Report Writing by Ogedengbe et al (2005)

2. There are different types of reports, with different elements, some of which are peculiar and some are common to all the reports. Different kinds of report and their elements are discussed as follows. INTRODUCTION 2

3. Introduction Literature Review Methodology (or experimental procedure) Results and Discussion Conclusion and Recommendations Abstract is included but placed before the introductory chapter. References are placed after the concluding chapter. DISSERTATION OR THESIS 3

4. ARTICLES FOR PUBLICATION The elements of this kind of report are more or less like for dissertation. Abstract Introduction Materials and Methods Results and Discussion Conclusion and Recommendations References 4

5. Project proposals are written to present suggestions for consideration It could be solicited (includes Terms of Reference (TOR)) or unsolicited. A typical proposal comprises of 3 or 4 main sections thus: Introduction (includes background, aim of project, justification, objectives and scope. (ii) Proposed Method of Work. (iii) Cost Estimates. (iv)Facilities, Personnel and Work Plan. This report also includes Executive Summary and References. PROJECT PROPOSALS 5

6. Written by candidate for a higher degree (e.g. PhD). This is presented prior to conducting the research. Through the report the plan for carrying out the research is presented. Academic proposal comprises of: Introduction (includes background, aim of project, justification, objectives and scope). (ii) Literature Review. ( iii)Proposed Methodology (in future tense). ( iv)Expected Contribution to Knowledge and Stage Reached. This report also includes Summary (to replace Abstract) and Reference. ACADEMIC PROPOSAL 6

7. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 7 FEASIBILITY REPORT Feasibility report is ordered by the Client after the acceptance of project proposal. Elements of a feasibility report include: Introduction: This presents a clear expression and understanding of the problem. Methodology: Consideration of alternatives. Conclusion and Recommendation: Making a decision based on correct analysis.

8. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 8 DESIGN REPORTS Design report follows the decision to proceed with the with the project after feasibility study. The report consists of detailed analysis, computation, drawings (plan, profile and sections) Elements of a design report are: Introduction Presentation of working drawings BOQ/BEME Specifications Form of tender Form of contract

9. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 9 TENDER REPORTS Tender report is prepared after the preparation of tender documents, collection of tender and submission of bids by contractors (selective or open tendering). The report is prepared by professionals after opening the tenders. The main elements of a tender report are: Introduction Method of assessment and analysis (including visits to site and office of the contractors). Recommendation (usually a ranking of the contractors).

10. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 10 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS The main elements of this document are: Introduction Plant or building description (with as-built drawings). Systems operating procedure. Maintenance work and schedule.

11. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) REPORT The main elements of EIA report are: Introduction Project Description Method of Baseline Data Collection Results Conclusion and Recommendations

12. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 12 ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT REPORT The main elements of this kind of report are: Introduction Methodology Results Conclusion and Recommendations

13. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 13 SUMMARY OF MAIN ELEMENTS Introduction Literature Review Methodology or Materials and Methods Results and Discussion Conclusion and Recommendations Abstract Report Outlines