MAINLAND HOLDINGS - ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES.pptx

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1. LALOKI RIVER KOIARI INDIGENOUS LAND GROUP LAND ABUSE GRIEVANCE PICTORIAL REPORT Presented by Mr. Max Magaru (Power of Attorney) Report Dated : 29 th of July, 2019 Alstonia Poultry Farm

2. LALOKI RIVER HISTORY OF THE 15 MILE LAND HERITAGE In the early 18th Century, the now known 15 mile Alstonia farm was a strategic land mark and site for the local Koiari people for fishing, hunting, gardening and general tribal meeting site. Development of this strategic native land was brought into existence from belief that the local people would vastly benefit from the establishment. Unfortunately, there has been no spin off business benefits to the landowners since the time of development up to the present time. The landowners have been greatly marginalised. The drastic environmental effects critically concerns the legitimate local people given the significant importance of the land. The spill-over effects of the mismanagement of Alstonia farm animal wastage has to an extent affected the health and livelihood of these local landowners.

3. ARIEL VIEW OF PROCESSING PLANT Alstonia farm is boxed out by the yellow line. There are four (4) poultry sheds, an abattoir, egg processing plant and the administration building. Four (4) dug-out pits initially for the construction of the waste management facility however the waste management facility was never established and the dug-out pits have remained unused to date. The Alstonia farm is surrounded by local residence, Central Province Provincial Health Division Staff residence, Mekere Morauta ( Kerema ) settlement, late Sir ALBERT KIPALAN residence, Laloki Secondary School, Iobuna Primary School, Mesume village, 15 mile Police Station and the local community living in and around 14 & 15 mile areas. PICTURE NO. 3 AERIAL VIEW OF ALSTONIA FARM LOCATION ALSTONIA FARM AREA LALOKI RIVER LALOKI SEC HIGH SCHOOL LOCAL COMMUNITIES

4. ARIEL VIEW OF WASTE SPILLAGE FLOW The yellow line with red dotted arrow indicates the part that the animal waste spillage flows. The chicken excreta as it exits the rear end of the poultry sheds spreads uncontrollably over the open land space as marked by the red lines. The area titled as UNCONTROLLED WASTE SPILLS was turned into Alstonia farms WASTE DUMP SITE . The uncontrolled waste spillage enters into the natural waterway as marked by the yellow lines. The waste spillage travels along the natural waterway and makes its final exit into the Laloki River. PICTURE NO.4 AERIAL VIEW OF ALSTONIA FARM AREA ALSTONIA FARM AREA chicken sheds LALOKI RIVER NATURAL WATERWAY UNCONTROLLED WASTE SPILS

5. ILLEGAL WASTE DUMP SITE WITHIN ALSTONIA FARM YARD The yellow line marks the area behind the chicken sheds which was turned into a WASTE DUMP SITE . Livestock waste (chicken excreta), dead birds, damaged eggs and other domestic waste were all dumped in this area within the Alstonia farm. This is not a CERTIFIED WASTE DISPOSAL SITE PICTURE NO.5 ARIEL VIEW OF ALSTONIA FARM ALSTONIA FARM CHICKEN SHEDS NATURAL WATERWAY ILLEGAL WASTE DUMP SITE

6. DAMAGED EGGS Damaged eggs were dumped in the dump site behind the chicken sheds within Alstonia farm premises and left to decompose. O ther wastes such as empty cartons, plastics, etc are amongst the damaged eggs as clearly shown in this picture, dated 23 rd May 2019. The waste spillage area was a dumping site for Alstonia farm since livestock production began in 2015. The stench of a rotten egg is worse than human excreta. PICTURE NO. 6 ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE

7. CHICKEN EXCRETA Rear end of the chicken shed. Chicken excreta exiting the poultry shed. Due to the huge number of livestock (layer birds) bred at Alstonia farm, chicken excreta is produced in huge volumes. Photograph of 23 rd May 2019. Tonnes of chicken excreta had exited out of these poultry sheds over a period of more than two (2) years. Alstonia farm business operations started in 2016. PICTURE NO. 7 CHICKEN EXCRETA DISCHARGE

8. WILD ANIMALS PICTURE NO. 8 ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE Picture: dated 23rd May 2019. Insert: Wild birds are attracted to the waste dump site by the stench emission from the animal waste. Chicken excreta filled area. The yellow line marks the area within the farm which was covered by animal waste (wet/solid)

9. NON SAFETY COMPLIANCE An employee of Alstonia farm working on site without proper safety gear. T he employee is wearing a pair of slippers whilst operating an electrical drill. No safety clothing and foot wear and also not in company uniform. Alstonia farm had no safety gear on site at the time of inspection by the Central Province Provincial Health/Environmental Inspector on the 2 nd of May, 2019. The inspection report by the Provincial Health/ Environmental inspector is confirmed by this picture dated 23 rd May 2019. SERIOUS BREACH OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY ACT PICTURE NO. 9 : NON SAFETY COMPLIANCE

10. UNCONTROLLED ANIMAL WASTE SPILLAGE The land space in this picture which is covered by uncontrolled animal waste spillage is between Poultry Shed No. 1 and Poultry Shed No. 2. Due to NO PROPER WASTE DRAINAGE SYSTEMS built at Alstonia farm since the time of its establishment in 2015, animal waste spillage as seeing clearly in this picture was a regular occurrence. Photograph dated 24 th May 2019 The scene is similar to an EDA RANU sewerage pipe leakage and the stench is worse than the stench of human waste. PICTURE NO.10 ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE

11. UNCONTROLLED ANIMAL WASTE FLOW Uncontrolled animal waste ( chicken excreta) flowing out of the chicken sheds inside Alstonia farm. The fast flowing waste exits the farm area and enters the natural waterways outside Alstonia farm which leads directly into the Laloki River System. Such fast flowing waste are regular occurrences over a period of more than two (2) years. L ivestock production at Alstonia farm started in 2016. Trees within the affected area of the waste dump site were forced to dry up (sign of no-more life ) by the high concentration levels of toxic in the chicken excreta dumped in this area. Photograph dated 24 th May 2019. Stench emission from this dump site within Alstonia farm engulfed the entire airspace within this area causing DISASTEROUS BREATHING CONDITIONS for workers and the entire population living within the vicinity of Alstonia farm. PICTURE NO. 11: ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE Chicken sheds No. 3 & 4

12. UNCONTROLLED WASTE FLOW Chicken excreta spreading uncontrollably over a wide land area within the Alstonia farm creating waste ponds, mounts, blockages and mud every where at the waste dump site within the Alstonia farm. Photograph dated 24 th May 2019. The scene in this picture clearly shows the waste dump site within the Alstonia farm premises. The stench emission from the waste dump site engulfed a wide range of air space within the Alstonia farm establishment at 15 mile and the surrounding areas causing total disaster . Other domestic wastes were also been dumped in the same waste dump site within since business operations started at Alstonia in 2016. PICTURE NO.12 ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE Blockage Waste Mounts Waste flow

13. UNCONTROLLED WASTE Fast flowing chicken excreta within the Alstonia farm premises. The animal waste flows out of Alstonia farm and enters into the natural waterways outside Alstonia farm which leads directly into the Laloki River System. Note that other rubbish such as plastics are visible in this picture. Chicken excreta (wet) sun baked over time in the sun turning into waste mounds. Photograph dated 24 th May 2019. PICTURE NO. 13: ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE Waste Mounts Waste flow Other wastes (Plastics etc )

14. SAFETY An employee of Alstonia farm unloading chicken feed without proper safety gear. The worker is bear footed and without Niugini Tablebird uniform. Front of shed 3 – photograph dated 24 th May 2019. Most employees at Alstonia farm work without safety gear. Mainland Holdings Limited sets strict HIGH standards for its employees safety & health and this scene in this picture tells a totally different story PICTURE NO. 14: NON SAFETY COMPLIANCE

15. IMPROPER SPILL CONTROL MEASURES * Picture: Dug out soil used to create spill blockade. Such techniques adopted were temporary measures and given the huge volume of chicken excreta discharged regularly, the spill blockade could not withstand the build-up in volume and the animal waste spilled over. Back ground pictures clearly show the waste dump site within the Alstonia farm premises. Photograph dated 24 th May 2019. Alstonia farm management was using the farms back yard to dump its farm waste since the business operations started in 2016. This farm area is not a certified dump site. Records at CEPA office confirms that Alstonia farm did not apply for an ENVIRONMENTAL PERMIT which is a serious breach of the CEPA Act PICTURE NO. 15: WASTE MISMANAGEMENT DUG OUT SOIL USED TO CREATE SPILL BLOCKADE

16. IMPROPER SPILL CONTROL MEASURES * Picture: Refer back to Exhibit No. 13. The improper blockade technique as shown in E xhibit No.13 could not withstand the increase in volume of animal waste and eventually the waste spilled over. Over-time, the entire blockade gave way and the holding pit turned into a river whereby all animal waste spillage was then flowing out of Alstonia farm through this opening and into natural waterways outside the farm leading directly into the Laloki River System. Photograph 24 th May 2019. The improper spill control measures were useless and failed its intended purpose. PICTURE NO. 16: WASTE MISMANAGEMENT FAILED ATTEMPTS TO STOP THE OVERFLOWING SPILLAGE

17. DUG OUT PIT USED AS HOLDING POND FOR THE ANIMAL WASTE DISCHARGE Picture: refer back to exhibit 13. DUG-OUT PIT USED AS WASTE HOLDING POND. 2 nd ***** There is no proper drainage systems built to control chicken excreta as it exits the chicken sheds and the yellow linings shows the part that the waste flows uncontrollably to the dug out holding pond. The distance it travels is about 50m. Photograph 24 th May 2019. The animal waste in the holding pit was never treated with chemicals to kill bacterial build up. The non treatment by chemicals encouraged bacterial development creating bad odour (stench) The stench emission engulfed the entire air space in and around the Alstonia farm establishment. The stench emission was constant over a period of more than two years since the time livestock production started in 2016. The defect was never rectified until the Central Province Provincial Health Inspector issued a 24 Hour Notice to shut down all business operations on the 6 th of May 2019. It took Alstonia farm more than 5 weeks from the time (6 th of May, 2019) to eventually START work on fixing the defect, however the stench has not been totally eradicated. The scene in this picture is disgusting. PICTURE NO. 17: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT DUG OUT ANIMAL WASTE PIT

18. ANIMAL WASTE SPILLAGE * Picture: refer to Exhibit No. 13 WASTE SPILL BREAK-OUT Due to the huge number of livestock at Alstonia farm, chicken excreta was produced in huge volumes. The holding capacity of the only dug-out pit at Alstonia farm could not hold the increase in volume and the animal waste spilled over and created a man made river leading into natural waterways outside the Alstonia farm and directly into the Laloki River System . Photograph 24 th May 2019. Due to the animal waste been untreated, it was not in a state of ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY . Due to the widespread spillage, the stench emission engulfed a wider area of air space around the 14, 15, 16, & 17 areas. Even down to the 12 mile area and as far as the villages in the Hewick & Goldie areas. PICTURE NO. 18: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT UNCONTROLLED WASTE SPILLS DEVELOPED INTO A MAN MADE RIVER AND FLOWS INTO THE LALOKI RIVER

19. ANIMAL WASTE SPILLAGE OUTSIDE ALSTONIA FARM FENCE. Picture: WASTE SPILLAGE OUTSIDE THE FENCE OF ALSTONIA FARM Chicken excreta flowing outside the Alstonia farm fence. The animal waste flows further down and enters the Laloki River System. Photograph 24 th May 2019. Continuous animal waste flow over a period of more than two (2) years. Livestock production started at Alstonia farm in 2016. PICTURE NO. 19: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT

20. WASTE SPILLAGE TURNED INTO STREAM THAT FLOWS INTO THE LALOKI RIVER SYSTEM * Picture: HEAVY ANIMAL WASTE FLOW Continuous chicken excreta flow created a stream as clearly shown in this picture. Waste inlet pockets clearly shown by the arrows and the dead grass is clear indication that the high level of toxic concentration in chicken excreta had contaminated the soil. The scene clearly shows bacterial build-up in the waste flow stream. Photograph 24 th May 2019. The stench engulfed the entire air space within Alstonia farm and the surrounding air space causing disastrous breathing conditions. PICTURE NO. 20: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE SPILLAGE INLET POCKETS/CREEK LALOKI RIVER

21. WASTE SPILLAGE INTO NATURAL WATERWAY Picture: Chicken excreta build up inside the natural waterway. Heavy build up of animal waste along the natural waterway leading to the Laloki River System. Stench in this area can not be describe by words. Dangerous health conditions posed by the stench for the innocent people who had been forced to breathe this stench over a lengthy period of time. Photograph 24 th May 2019. Future serious diagnosis of medical illnesses is inevitable. PICTURE NO. 21: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT

22. ANIMAL WASTE POND OUTSIDE ALSTONIA FARM Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. Animal waste pond outside the Alstonia farm. C hicken excreta caught up in a low area along the roadside drain. The animal waste after been sun baked turns white and it is clearly shown in this picture. Ideal conditions for the development of bacterial infections. PICTURE NO. 22: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT ANIMAL WASTE POND

23. CONTINOUS WASTE FLOW IN THE NATURAL WATERWAY CAUSING SOIL EROSSION (LANDSLIDE) Picture : Photograph 24 th May 2019. The weather pattern in the Kairuku Hiri District of Central Province has two seasons, WET & DRY. And so, the natural waterways at 15 mile area in Central Province experience become wet only during wet seasons however this natural waterway has been accommodating wet waste flows since the animal waste entered it in 2016. Over a space of two (2) years, the natural waterway developed into a drain then further developed into a size of a stream. This caused soil erosion and eventually landslides and the scene in this picture clearly shows a landslip in which a fully grown tree has lost its standing and slid into the now man made stream. The waste flow started entering into the natural waterway in 2016 and in 2019, natural vegetation and village garden crops along side the natural waterway started to dry and it is blamed on the high toxic concentration levels in the chicken excreta waste flow. PICTURE NO. 23: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT

24. CONTINUOUS WASTE SPILLAGE CAUSING SOIL EROSSION * Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. Alstonia farm animal waste flowing in the natural waterway outside the farm leading into the Laloki River System. Rain water from higher grounds in this area is naturally drained out into the Laloki River System through such natural waterways during rainy seasons. The natural waterways in this area normally dry and become wet only during wet seasons. T his particular natural waterway has been experiencing waste flow all year around since the time (2016) when animal waste flow from Alstonia farm started entering into this natural waterway. The constant waste flow over more than two (2) years had caused soil erosion in this natural waterway. Vegetation and plants have been destroyed and the roots of a fully grown tree lost its standing and slipped into the natural waterway. PICTURE NO. 24: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT

25. CONTAMINATED NATURAL WATERWAY IN PUBLIC AREA & VILLAGES * Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. The animal waste spillage flowing freely down the natural waterway to the entry point into the Laloki River System. A garden beside the natural waterway had its produce destroyed due to the constant waste flow causing soil erosion. PICTURE NO. 25: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT VILLAGE GARDENS

26. WASTE SPILLAGE INTO PUBLIC AREAS AND GARDENS * Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019 . Property of BRUCE PAKI **** Animal waste flowing in the natural waterway. The constant waste flow had turned this natural waterway into a waste stream. Waste ponds developed in certain areas along the natural waterway and the stench emission engulfed the air space in and around nearby communities and villages which this natural waterway passes through. Innocent people were forced to suffer by way of breathing polluted air over a period of more than two (2) years. PICTURE NO. 26: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT VILLAGE GARDENS AFFECTED BY LANDSLIDE CREATED BY WASTE FLOW

27. WASTE SPILLAGE INTO PUBLIC AREAS AND NEARBY GARDENS * Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. Continuous animal waste flow over more than two years had created landslides and destroyed gardens. Other rubbish that flow with the animal waste from Alstonia farm end up in the natural waterways. ( white plastic container ) Waste ponds created along the natural waterway. PICTURE NO. 27: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT GARDENS AFFECTED BY LANDSLIDE

28. WASTE SPILLAGE CREATING MINI PONDS ALONG THE NATURAL WATER WAY * Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. A waste pond created by the animal waste flow. Constant emission of stench from such waste ponds along the natural waterways had engulfed the entire air space in this area since 2016. Innocent people were forced to breathe dirty air day and night for over more than two years. BACTERIA INFESTED WASTE POND PICTURE NO. 28: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT

29. WASTE SPILLAGE CREATING LAST MINI POND BEFORE FINAL ENTRY INTO THE LALOKI RIVER SYSTEM * Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. This is the last mini waste pond along the natural waterway before the animal waste makes its final entry into the Laloki River System. The pond clearly shows the animal waste flow (dirty water). PICTURE NO. 29: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT LALOKI RIVER

30. THE LALOKI RIVER SYSTEM Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. The red arrow points to the LALOKI RIVER. The Laloki River System is the only SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY for Port Moresby city. The river water has been used by local landowner villagers for generations and many more years to come. The now Laloki Secondary School at 14 mile in Central Province was established in the early 70’s as the LALOKI CORPORATIVE COLLEGE then name changed to Laloki High School in 1983 and now known as Laloki Secondary School. This government establishment has been using this river water ever since its establishment until the Alstonia farm and other business entities started dumping their livestock waste into the Laloki River System. PICTURE NO. 30: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT LALOKI RIVER

31. WASTE SPILLING INTO LALOKI RIVER * Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. The animal waste final entry into the Laloki River System. There are local villages, Laloki Secondary School, block holders, settlers living along the Laloki River System after this point of entry. The Laloki River System is the main source of water supply for these people and since it had been contaminated by the animal waste from such business entities like Alstonia farm, people are forced to fetch water from nearby streams where the quality of water is not guaranteed. NCDC town water supply managed by EDA RANU stops at 12 mile where NCDC land boundary ends. There is no government water supply after 12 mile and so the government educational institution ( Laloki Secondary School) uses the Laloki Ricer System as its main water supply. The water from the river is pumped into the schools reservoir tank where is treated with chemicals to meet world health standards fit for human consumption and other use . The schools water supply system has been seriously affected by the contamination of the Laloki River System. Students are now forced to fetch water from nearby streams and its unsafe for the female students. There has been reports of thugs holding up male students and robbing them off their personal belongings such as mobile, monies, etc. PICTURE NO. 31: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT LALOKI RIVER BANK

32. WASTE SPILLING INTO LALOKI RIVER * Picture: Photograph 24 th May 2019. The LALOKI RIVER SYSTEM. The LALOKI RIVER SYSTEM starts from the S irinumu Dam up in the mountain ranges of Owen Stanley Range and flows down through the Sogeri mountain valleys past 15 mile where Alstonia farm is established and continues down to the Laloki Bridge along the Hiritano Highway and joins up with the Brown River System. It passes the last local village k nown as KEIVA VILLAGE at PAPA LEALEA (LNG SITE) in the Hiri District of Central Province. The eco-system of the river from the waste entry point at 15 mile to the final exit point into the sea had been seriously endangered. The health of humans living along the river who have been using the river water as their source of water supply has been seriously affected. These people continue to use the river water without realising that animal waste (chicken excreta) from Alstonia farm had been dumped into the Laloki River System since the business operations started in 2016. PICTURE NO. 32: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT LALOKI RIVER WASTE SPILL OUTFLOWS

33. NO PROPER WASTE DRAINAGE SYSTEM * Picture: REAR END OF POULTRY SHED NO. 1 This picture shows the rear end of poultry shed 1. Chicken excreta is pumped out of the poultry sheds from this point. This picture shows clearly that there are no proper waste control drainage systems in place to control and contain the animal waste flow as it exits the chicken shed . Photograph 27 th May 2019. The animal waste as it exits the poultry shed flows directly onto the land space and due to no control drainage systems in place, the animal waste spreads uncontrollably over the entire land space. Heavy build up of chicken excreta (manure) mounts . Such dry animal waste mounts is a common site at the rear end of all the poultry sheds at Alstonia farm. PICTURE NO. 33: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT

34. IMPROPER DISPOSAL OF DEADSTOCK Picture: Photograph 27 th May 2019. Dead birds (chickens) pumped out of the poultry sheds, Dead birds are left to decompose in the open. These dead birds create stench and attract wild birds to the area in huge numbers. Bacterial infection build up is inevitable. There has been sightings of dead birds in the natural waterways and in the Laloki River System as well. Such sightings are common occurrences at Alstonia farm since livestock breeding started in 2016. PICTURE NO. 34: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT DEAD CHICKENS UNCONTROLED DISPOSAL

35. UNCONTROLLED WASTE BUILDUP * Picture: POUTRY SHED NO. 1 Photograph 27 th May 2019. The wet waste left in the sun to dry forms waste mounts. These waste mounts generate bacteria which is harmful to human health and even livestock. A worker can be seeing in this picture clearing uncontrolled animal waste without proper safety gear. Such negligence by the management of Alstonia farm exposes the workers health to serous bacterial infections. Long term exposure to such hazardous health conditions can result in the health of the employee developing serious medical problems with his/her health in the future. Alstonia farm management were totally careless and were totally ignorant about the health of its employees. SERIOUS BREACH OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY ACT PICTURE NO. 35 : ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT UNCONTROLLED WASTE BUILD UPS

36. WASTE STENCE ATTRACTING WILD BIRDS TO THE AREA * Picture: Insert : CHICKEN SHEDS NO. 3 & 4 Photograph 27 th May 2019. Bacterial infections creating stench (bad odour) had attracted wild birds to the dump site within the Alstonia farm area. The spread of disease by these animals when hunted and caught by people is imminent. The scene in this picture showing wild birds depicts scenes of wild life in swamp land areas. PICTURE NO. 36: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE STENCE ATTRACTING WILD BIRDS

37. WORK PLACE SAFETY NON COMPLIANCE * Picture: FRONT CHICKEN SHED No. 1 Photograph 27 th May 2019. Alstonia farm employee working inside Alstonia farm premises without wearing any safety gear. Insert: Image clearly shows no proper foot wear and the nature of work as shown in this picture (brooming of rubbish including soil) demands inhalation protective gear to protect the worker against dust inhalation. SERIOUS BREACH OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY ACT PICTURE NO. 37: NON COMPLIANCE TO SAFETY SAFETY NON COMPLIANCE

38. WASTE SPILL PONDS * Picture: Photograph dated 28 th May 2019 Animal waste ponds are created in certain low land areas within the farm premises and this picture clearly shows an area within the Alstonia farm. Such animal waste spill ponds are common sightings in the waste dump sight area within Alstonia farm. . PICTURE NO. 38: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE SPILL PONDS

39. UNCONTROLLED CHICKEN EXCRETA * Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO. 3 Photograph 28 th May 2019. Chicken excreta pumped out of the poultry shed onto the open land. Due to NO WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITY in place the animal waste spreads uncontrollably over the open land space behind the poultry sheds. Other domestic waste are also dumped in the same animal waste area within Alstonia farm and smoke from rubbish been burnt can be seeing in the back ground. The animal waste (chicken excreta) exits the poultry sheds in wet form and after the water drains itself out through the natural waterways that leads directly into the Laloki River System, the solid waste left out builds up into mounts. Bacteria build up in the animal waste mounts is imminent. Animal waste ponds are also visible in this picture. HEAVY CHICKEN EXCRETA BUILD UP BEHIND THE CHICKEN SHED PICTURE NO. 39: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT

40. WASTE SPILL PONDS AND BUILDUPS * Picture: ANIMAL WASTE PONDS & CHICKEN EXCRETA BUILD-UP Photograph 28 th May 2019. The scenes in this picture clearly shows the animal waste spill ponds and the waste sand build up. Heavy animal waste (chicken excreta) build up causing heavy stench emission from this waste ponds & sand build-up. The stench engulfed the entire air space in and around the Alstonia farm establishment. Perfect conditions for build-up of b acterial infections This land area within the Alstonia farm is used as the farms waste dump site . SERIOUS BREACH OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ACT PICTURE NO. 40: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE SPILL PONDS AND WASTE SAND BUILD UPS

41. WASTE DISPOSAL STRAIGHT ONTO LAND SPACE * Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO. 1 Photograph 28 th May 2019 . Due to no proper waste management facility in place at Alstonia farm to control animal waste discharge, the chicken excreta is pumped out of the chicken sheds directly onto the open land behind the chicken sheds and left here to be dried up by the sun. The continuous discharge of chicken excreta had caused the animal waste to spread uncontrollably over a wide area within the Alstonia farm premises. The carelessness by the management to dispose its animal waste appropriately had developed into a hazardous health condition. PICTURE NO. 41: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE SPILL PONDS AND WASTE SAND BUILD UPS

42. LACK OF TECHNICAL EXPERTISE AND WRONG EQUIPMENT USED * Picture: WRONG EQUIPMENT – WATER PUMP Photograph 28 th May 2019. The equipment in this scene is a water pump which is not designed for use in sanitary extraction work. This water pump was brought in by the hired contractor PERPETUAL NIUGINI to carryout emergency extraction of animal waste that had caused hazardous health conditions at Alstonia farm. Such wrong equipment’s used due to lack of expertise had contributed immensely to the mismanagement of animal waste at Alstonia farm whereby the emergency extraction of animal waste build up within Alstonia farm was delayed for more than five (5) weeks. An earthing moving machine known as an EXCAVATOR was finally hired to extract the animal waste and load onto a ten (10) tonne tipper truck to cart out of Alstonia farm and dumped in the neighbouring GREEN FARM which is not a CERTIFIED WASTE DISPOSAL SITE. ANOTHER SERIOUS BREACH UNDER THE SANITARY ACT PICTURE NO. 42: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT UNCONTROLWASTE SPREAD WRONG PUMP USED FOR EXTRACTION OF ANIMAL WASTE

43. MANUAL LABOUR AND WRONG TOOLS USED TO CONTROL WASTE BUILD UPS * Picture: WORKMAN WITHOUT SAFETY GEAR SHED 1 *** Photograph 28 th May 2019 . The scene in this picture clearly shows the widespread build-up of animal waste. A workman of Alstonia farm without company uniform, NO inhalation protective gear and using a rake to clear out the animal waste build up. This employee is exposed to bacterial infection. Workmen were allowed to work in this hazardous health conditions over a period of more than two (2) years. Long term exposure to such unhygienic conditions will have a detrimental effect on human health. The Alstonia farm management showed total disregard of its workers health. PICTURE NO. 43: WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE BUILD UPS

44. WASTE BUILD UP EVERY WHERE * Picture: SHED 1 *** Photograph 28 th May 2019. Animal waste build clearly seeing every where in Alstonia farm proving that uncontrolled animal waste flow was wide spread. No inhalation protective gear worn by this worker to protect this employee from the dangers of breathing stench generated by the animal waste build up . A worker taking a break of his life time in the hazardous health conditions. This worker does not show any sign of distress. A very distinctive evidence to prove that the long term exposure to the hazardous health condition at Alstonia farm had caused the medical respiratory system of this human being to become immune. Long term exposure to such unhygienic conditions will have a negative effect on the health of workers and Alstonia farm management had demonstrated clearly that it did not care about the health of its employees. SERIOUS BREACH OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY ACT PICTURE NO. 44: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE BUILD UPS SEEING EVERYWHERE AT WORK PLACE

45. WASTE BUILD UP INSIDE FARM HOUSE * Picture: INTERIOR OF CHICKEN SHED NO.3 Photograph 28 th May 2019 . Chicken excreta inside the poultry shed. A live bird moving around inside the chicken excreta. Unhygienic conditions for livestock breeding. Alstonia farm is a subsidiary company of Mainland Holdings Limited and poultry products from Mainland Holdings Limited’s subsidiary companies are marketed under the brand name Niugini Tablebirds . KWIK KAI 900g is a household name in PNG and the scenes in this picture clearly shows the unhealthy conditions in which PNG’s favourite KWIK KAI chicken is bred. SOMETHING TO THINK ABOUT WHEN BUYING NIUGINI TABLEBIRDS POULTRY PRODUCTS PICTURE NO. 45: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT CHICKEN EXCRETA INSIDE THE CHICKEN SHED Live chicken in excreta filled shed

46. WASTE BUILD UP IN FARM HOUSE * Picture: INTERIOR OF CHICKEN SHED NO.3 Photograph 28 th May 2019 . Chicken excreta contains high toxic levels and this chicken excreta filled shed poses serious health conditions for workers who work inside this shed. Livestock are locked inside holding cages and are directly exposed to high toxic concentration contained inside the sheds. Unhygienic conditions for livestock breeding and very dangerous working condition for employees who work inside this chicken shed. PICTURE NO. 46: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE WITHIN THE CHICKEN FARM HOUSE

47. WASTE BUILD UP INSIDE FARM HOUSE * Picture: INTERIOR OF CHICKEN SHED NO.1 Photograph 28 th May 2019 . Interior of the chicken shed. The by chicken excreta. Highly unhygienic conditions for animal husbandry in poultry. Alstonia farm employees work in such unhygienic conditions and the management of Alstonia farm failed to realise that health of its employees were placed at high risk by such conditions. These employees are under privileged (grass-roots) people and they could not raise their concerns due to the security of their employment. Alstonia farm was making profit at the detriment of these people. PICTURE NO. 47: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE WITHIN THE CHICKEN FARM HOUSE

48. WASTE BUILD UP IN FARM HOUSE * Picture: INTERIOR OF CHICKEN SHED NO.1 Photograph 28 th May 2019 . Live birds (chickens) clearly seeing in this picture swimming inside the mud puddings inside the chicken sheds. Very unhygienic conditions for livestock breeding. Such conditions inside chicken sheds contain high levels of toxic and workers who work in these sheds 8 hours a day since the livestock breeding started in 2016 have been exposed to high levels of toxic concentrations. Serious medical complications may be developed by these workers in the future. PICTURE NO. 48: WASTE MISMANAGEMENT LIVE BIRDS SWIMMING IN THE WASTE INSIDE THE CHICKEN SHED

49. UNHYGIENIC CONDITIONS INSIDE POULTRY SHED NUMBER 4 * Picture: Photograph 28 th May 2019. T he interior walls of the chicken shed are covered by thick dust which looks like cotton wool. Chicken excreta can be seeing all over the floor of the chicken shed. Poultry buildings contain concentrations of high contaminants that negatively affect human and animal health. Most of these health concerns are associated with chronic or long term exposure to gases, dust or micro-organism. However, acute and short term exposures to high concentrations of certain constituents can also have a negative effect on both human and animal health. The pumping out of chicken manure inside a poultry shed can generate concentration of hydrogen sulphide that are lethal to humans and animals. PICTURE NO. 49: HAZARDOUS HEALTH CONDITIONS WASTE INSIDE THE CHICKEN FARM HOUSE

50. INCOMPETENCY AND INAPPROPRIATE TOOLS * Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO.1 Photograph 29 th May 2019 . A water pump brought in by a contractor to be used in this emergency extraction of animal waste. Water pumps are not designed for sanitary work. The correct pump is an extraction pump which operates on high voltage (3 phase) electricity. The extraction pump is lowered into the septic pit and the machine pumps out the waste from beneath the pit. This is the standard procedure used in any extraction work under sanitary. The company that brought in this machinery lacked skilled men power, knowledge, equipment and machinery as shown clearly in this picture. PICTURE NO. 50: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT IMPROPER PUMP USED

51. IMPROPER DISPOSAL OF DEAD CHICKENS * Picture: CHICKEN SHED NO.3 Photograph 30 th May 2019 Dead chickens left inside the chicken shed without been properly disposed. Dead birds left inside the chicken sheds contribute to unhygienic conditions for the livestock and workmen. Such sightings of dead birds left unattended in poultry sheds at Alstonia farm is a common practice. Unacceptable standards practiced by Alstonia farm management. PICTURE NO. 51: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT DEAD CHICKENS DISPOSED OFF WITHOUT PROPER HANDLING

52. LIVE CHICKEN MIXED IN WASTAGES * Picture: INTERIOR OF CHICKEN SHED NO.3 Photograph 29 th May 2019. A live bird (chicken) moving around in the chicken excreta filled poultry shed. Live birds that break out of the holding cages are left to roam around freely in the shit filled shed. The chicken in this picture can contract bacterial infection which can infect other live birds when collected by workers (contact) and placed back inside the holding pans. The spread of disease to humans (workers) is inevitable. Unacceptable standards practiced by the management of Alstonia farm. PICTURE NO. 52: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT LIVE CHICKEN MIXED WITH WASTES

53. OTHER WASTES MIXED WITH POULTRY WASTAGES * Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO. 1 Photograph 30 th May 2019. Chicken excreta pumped out of the chicken shed and left in the open land space behind the chicken shed without properly disposing it off. Such practice has been Alstonia farms standard practice since livestock breeding started in 2016. Other wastes are also dumped in the same animal waste disposal site within the Alstonia farm. Alstonia farm management had created a waste dumping site within its farm premises where it was dumping all the farms waste since 2016 PICTURE NO. 53: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT OTHER WASTES MIXED WITH POULTRY WASTES

54. WASTE BUILD UPS AND IMPROPER LEAK STOPPAGE BARRICADE * Picture: WASTE DUMP SITE Photograph 30 th May 2019. Improper waste leak stoppage barricades were built to control the animal waste however this technique was not practical as the barricades could not withstand the huge volume of animal discharge on a regular basis since livestock production started in 2016. Animal waste pools also turned into streams which entered natural waterways outside the farm area and directly into the Laloki River System. The animal waste flow was over a period of more than two (2) years. PICTURE NO. 54: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT IMPROPER WASTE LEAK BARRICADE WASTE POOL TURNED INTO WASTE STREAM

55. UNCONTROLLED ANIMAL WASTE DISPOSAL Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO.2 Photograph 30 th May 2019. This picture shows the careless disposing of animal waste at the back of a building at Alstonia farm. The back yard of Alstonia farm had been turned into a waste dumping site for Alstonia farm since business operations started in 2016 PICTURE NO. 55: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL BACK YARD TURNED INTO WASTE YARD

56. LEAKAGES AND DISPOSAL * Picture: WASTE DUMP SITE Photograph 30 th May 2019. The back yard of Alstonia farm turned into a WASTE DUMP SITE. Alstonia farm management used this area within its farm premises to dispose of the farms waste including animal waste (chicken excreta, dead birds and other wastes). A yellow canvass clearly seeing dumped in the same waste dump site. PICTURE NO. 56: WASTE MISMANAGEMENT IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL BACK YARD TURNED INTO WASTE YARD

57. ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE Picture: Photograph 30 th May 2019. Alstonia farm management turned its back y ard into a waste dump site. Ponds of animal waste and sand mounts of animal waste visible in this picture. This area within the Alstonia farm was used to dispose of Alstonia farm waste including the regular discharge of chicken excreta on to this area. PICTURE NO. 57: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL BACK YARD TURNED INTO WASTE YARD

58. LEAKAGES AND DISPOSAL * Picture: Photograph 30 th May 2019. This land space area within the Alstonia farm was turned into a waste dump site. Animal excreta scattered all over this area. Domestic rubbish from the farm also dumped in this area. Animal waste flow in the back ground and spreads uncontrollably within the dump site area. Animal waste (chicken excreta) flowing freely. Algae (bacterial build-up) in green colour covering areas of the waste dump site. PICTURE NO. 58: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL BACK YARD TURNED INTO WASTE YARD

59. UNPROFESSIONAL SETUP AND INSTALLATIONS * Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO.1 Photograph 31 st May 2019. Electrical cable unprofessionally set-up . This location where the electrical cable is set up is the livestock waste pump out area. Heavy build up of chicken excreta behind the chicken shed and the wrong machine (water pump) stationed beside the waste pond. PICTURE NO. 59: ANIMAL WASTE DUMP SITE IMPROPER EQUIPMENT USED FOR WASTE REMOVAL INSECURE POWER CABLING

60. DEAD CHICKENS DISPOSED OFF CARELESSLY Picture: CHICKEN SHED NO.1 Photograph 31 st May 2019. Dead birds (chicken) pumped out of the chicken shed and left on the open land behind the chicken shed. These dead birds are left here to decompose inviting wild birds and other animals to the area. Heavy build up of animal waste and the water pump (improper equipment) trying in vain to extract the solid waste out of the waste pond. Stench emission engulfs the entire air space in and around the Alstonia farm area PICTURE NO. 60: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT DEAD CHICKENS DISPOSED CARELESSLY

61. DECOMPOSING DEAD CHICKENS * Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO.1 Photograph 31 st May 2019. Dead birds (chicken) left to decompose out in the open land space within the Alstonia farm area. Damaged eggs are amongst the dead birds. It has been a normal practice at Alstonia farm for dead chickens to be pumped out of the chicken sheds and left in the open land space to decompose. The stench emission from these decomposing chickens polluted the entire air space within the farm area and the surrounding areas. PICTURE NO. 61: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT DEAD CHICKENS DISPOSED CARELESSLY EGGS DISPOSED CARELESSLY

62. DEAD CHICKENS AND EGGS DISPOSED OFF CARELESSLY * Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO.1 Photograph 31 st May 2019. Dead chickens pumped out of the chicken sheds and left to decompose out in the open land space behind the chicken shed. Damaged eggs are amongst the dead birds. It is a normal practice at Alstonia farm to leave dead stock (chickens) in the open land to decompose for the wild birds and dogs to feed on. Rear end of chicken shed PICTURE NO. 62: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT DEAD CHICKENS DISPOSED CARELESSLY EGGS DISPOSED CARELESSLY

63. DEAD CHICKENS DISPOSED OFF CARELESSLY * Picture: REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED NO.1 Photograph 31 st May 2019. Rear end of chicken shed. Dead birds left out in the open land space behind the chicken sheds to decompose. Animal waste covered area. This area was turned into a waste pond due to the regular pump out of animal waste from the chicken sheds. Heavy build up of animal waste in this area. PICTURE NO.63 : ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT DEAD CHICKENS DISPOSED CARELESSLY

64. LIVESTOCK WASTE PUMPED OUT FROM THE REAR END OF POULTRY SHED NO. 3 Photograph 31 st May 2019. Chicken excreta (wet) been pumped out of the poultry shed. Due to no proper waste control drainage systems in place, the animal waste (wet) spreads uncontrollably after it exits the rear end of the poultry shed. The wet waste drains directly onto the land space within the farm land area and forms waste ponds in lowland areas within the farm land area. The land space between poultry sheds No. 1 & 2 shows the waste pond caused by the spread of the wet waste . Dead grass surrounds the waste pond and a patch of green grass slowly showing signs of losing life. MICROORGANISMS THAT POPULATE THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL SYSTEM OF CHICKENS ARE PRESENT IN FRESHLY EXCRETED MANURE AND IT IS HARMFUL TO LIVESTOCK AND HUMAN HEALTH. PICTURE NO. 64: ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE WASTE FLUSHED OUT FROM REAR OF SHED

65. WASTES PUMPED OUT FROM THE REAR OF THE CHICKEN SHED STRAIGHT ONTO LAND SPACE * Picture: Photograph 31 st May 2019. Chicken excreta pumped out of the chicken sheds and straight on to the open land space behind the chicken shed. Due to no waste management facility in place at Alstonia farm, the animal waste spreads uncontrollably over a wide area within the Alstonia farm. The stench emission from this waste flow engulfs the entire air space in and around the Alstonia farm establishment. Bacterial infection is inevitable. PICTURE NO. 65: ANIMAL WASTE MISMANAGEMENT WASTE FLUSHED OUT FROM REAR END OF SHED WASTE OUTFLOW

66. NO PROPER WASTE CONTROL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Photograph 31 st May 2019. The scene in this picture clearly shows the animal waste been pumped out of the chicken sheds and it flows at speed. Due to NO PROPER WASTE CONTROL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS in place, the chicken excreta spreads uncontrollably over a wide area within the Alstonia farm. The speed at which the animal waste flows, it enters the natural waterways outside Alstonia farm in NO time and then enters the LAOLKI RIVER SYSTEM. The animal waste flow continued since the livestock production started in 2016 and over a period of more than two (2) years before it was finally rectified in July, 2019. SERIOUS BREACH OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ACT & OTHERS PICTURE NO. 66: ALSTONIA FARM WASTE DUMP SITE WASTE PUMPED OUT FROM REAR END OF CHICKEN SHED CHICKEN EXCRETA WASTE OUTFLOW