Man-as-Embodied-Spirit-Eastern-Philo.pptx

Philosophy

1. Human as an Embodied Spirit Ian Jeffrey A. Manalo

2. Questions: What are the limitations of human person? Is there a possibility that we have souls? Can we achieve transcendence? What is your concept of man as an embodied spirit?

3. What is man? While the ancient philosophers were searching for the origin of all things, their awareness of everything has led them to focus their attention on the person who is in search of his origin. This search for the source of his existence has led them to be aware of the capability of the human person to understand something.

4. What is man? They began asking whether the human person is really capable of obtaining the truth and if so, where does this truth come from? In their quest to find the answer to this problem, they began to wonder “what man really is and what makes one a human person.”

5. Hinduism as the Foundation of Eastern Philosophy India is famous for giving high regard to those who seek wisdom. Wisdom is a means for the human person to liberate one’s self from sin. The wise men of India focused themselves on knowing what the SELF is and the nature of ultimate reality.

6. EMBODIED SPIRIT Embodied spirit is an animating core living within each of us. It is known to be the driving force behind what we think, do and say. It is indeed the reflections of our total being by which our sensations lead to our human feelings, emotions and decision. The usual and known connotation that comes to our mind when we hear the word “embodied” is always materialized or became flesh (with physical form). Thus, when we say "embodied spirit”, we normally believed and conclude of a spirit becoming flesh

7. EMBODIED SPIRIT In the context and views of Christian philosophy, the embodiment of the spirit particularly refers to the inseparable union of human body and soul. Inseparable which also always means the body and soul work together. Hence, we can safely say that “embodied spirit” that the body is not separate from the soul, just as the soul is not separate from the body.

8. What is Human Person as Embodied Spirit? Let’s find out! As an embodied spirit human beings demonstrate these following qualities ( Abella , 2016) SELF AWARENESS EXTERNALITY SELF DETERMINATION DIGNITY

9. Hinduism as the Foundation of Eastern Philosophy According to Indian philosophy, human person must obtain a greater understanding on the basis of morality, the nature and function of man in the society, the means of obtaining knowledge, the principle of logic, and the relation between appearance and reality (Koller & Koller).

10. Hinduism as the Foundation of Eastern Philosophy Indian philosophy focused on the spiritual character of the self in relation to the universe; although their philosophical thought could also be considered to have a very practical character. The followers of Hindu philosophy considered their religion as a way to acquire the means on how to overcome pain and suffering in life.

11. Hinduism as the Foundation of Eastern Philosophy In order to eliminate suffering, they insisted on self-discipline and self-control. And to learn self-discipline and self-control, one must have a knowledge of HIS OWN SELF.

12. Hinduism held that the world is created by Brahman, the All-Pervading Reality. All things in the world, including human person, are connected to the Brahman. However, because man committed a sin, his atman is imprisoned inside the body in order to enter into a purification process.

13. Atman comes from the Sanskrit word meaning manah , meaning thought or thinking. The atman is not merely soul but it is also one’s breathing, thinking , being, consciousness and all other activities. This atman is simply SELF. (Quito, 28)

14. The goal of Hindu followers believed that people should not devote themselves to either sensual pleasure or worldly desires because their atman will be dragged down into physical world were pain and suffering abound. Instead, they should value life that it is simple and detached from physical pleasures.

15. Nirvana – it is the state of life wherein people are freed from samsara, the cycle of birth, death and rebirth.

16. The Buddhist Philosophy Buddhism is considered as another reform movement or reaction against the state of Hindu doctrine and practices at that time. It began as pure ethic which rejected the authority of the Vedas, and established a way to liberation and salvation solely through human effort and discipline, which refused supernatural revelation or intervention. The known founder of Buddhism is Siddharta Gautama.

17. The Life of Siddharta Gautama He is believed to be born at Lumbini in the Terai lowlands near foothills of the Himalayas in modern-day Nepal (Law 2007, 230). Also known in many names like, Sakyamuni (the sage), Bhagavat (the Blessed one, Buddha (the Enlightened one, the Awakened One, or the One who knows) (De Lubac 1954, v.)

18. 4 Significant Things that became the Turning Point for Siddharta’s Life From the old man, he found out that everyone is liable to become old and nobody can really escape old age; From the sick man From the dead man From the ascetic man

19. The Fourfold Noble Truths LIFE is SUFFERING (Dukkha). There is suffering because there is desire. In order to get rid of suffering, one has to get rid of desire. There is a path that leads from suffering (8 fold path).

20. The Noble Eightfold Path Right View Right Thought Right Speech Right Action Right Livelihood Right Effort Right Mindfulness Right Concentration

21. The Noble Eightfold Path It is based on the development of three important dimensions of a person's character: First, area of conduct and morality. Second and third areas pertains to the knowledge of the nature of the mind. Second area: individual's mental development and the nature of the mind Third area: gaining insight and wisdom

22. Understanding Buddhism True happiness is not to be obtained solely through temple offerings and ritual sacrifices. Happiness can be obtained by way of living a moral life and performing good deeds to fellow human beings. Buddhist adherents follow the Hindu belief that a human person, in reality, was originally united with the Brahman. This human person was accidentally born into this earthly life; thereby, acquiring an atman.

23. Understanding Buddhism The atman was not simply the soul but the whole personal life of the human person. When the human person became a mortal body, he was made subjected to diseases, death and decomposition, which brought the human person to experience pain and suffering.

24. Understanding Buddhism Sufferings and pains would end due to their belief that there is reincarnation. Reincarnation should not be seen as an opportunity; rather, it should be seen as a punishment for failing to live a moral and holy life. Nirvana is the sinless, calm state of mind, the destruction of earthly desires, the absence of lust, and the cessation of sorrows.

25. Understanding Buddhism We have to have one passion only: the good of others. People are never happy because they have always been seeking for their own happiness. There are two essential characteristics of good action: universality and disinterestedness.

26. Understanding Buddhism The reason for one’s suffering is ignorance, which is of two kinds: That which leads people to think and act as if they are eternal; That which leads the people to think and act as if everything is permanent. Nothing is permanent in this world. Hence, one should not crave for the attainment of material things. To overcome ignorance, one should be able to put into one’s heart the Buddhist truths and at the same time transform one’s thought, action, and experience.