mango plant hopper

this is a brief review about mango plant hopper

1. >about hopper >nature of damage & losses >control 1. CULTURAL 2. biological 3. chemical Mango hopper

2. Hopper’s distribution & reproduction Prefer humid climate and therefore more attack on thick Canopy plants. Active during Spring and Monsoon season I.e. Feb - April & June –August. Spend Winter (dormant period) sitting around the main trunk. Suck sap from Inflorescence and tender shoots Excrete honey-dew Nymphs dull green, voracious feeders Very active from March – August Over-winter under tree bark Adults grayish, about 5 mm long 200 eggs/female, singly embedded in plant tissue Inflorescence withers and turn brown Fruit drops pre-maturely Prefer humid climate

3. Life cycle & reproduction

4. Mode of damage damage by sucking cell sap & by egg laying in the inflorescence & young leaves by injecting ovipositor. Which ultimately affect on fruit setting. Inflorescence wither up & turn brown and loss 20- 100% inflorescences. Excrete honey dews which serve as media for sooty mould development which affect on photosynthesis. Both Nymphs and Adult damage the plant, but nymphs are more harmful due to voracious feeding . Bear abnormal fruits Sooty mould attacked plant

5. Controlling Proper Pruning to allow sun light inside plant canopy Remove bunched leaves & malformed panicles Culturally Bio logically Using natural predators (eg:- mantids, neuropterans, and mites ) Using parasites ( P ipunculus annulifemer, larvae of Epipyrops fulginosa etc.) Or using pathogens (like entomogenous fungus)

6. Chemically Using malathion Alcoholic extraction of neem oil Spearmint oil, citronella oil or lemongrass oil etc. Insecticides – BUPROFEZAIN(0.0125%)