Manual Muscle Testing For Trunk, Neck & Face

Manual Muscle Testing For Trunk, Neck & Face by Physiotherapy UG student.

1. Manual Muscle Testing Trunk, Neck, and Face Sabarish Hariharan, BPT Student, MGMCRI,SBV Pondicherry

2. Trunk Extension Position : Prone hands behind head stabilize the legs firmly onto the table test trunk extension to subject’s full range of motion resistance = gravity

3. Trunk Extension

4. Erector Spinae Position : Prone hands behind head stabilize the legs firmly onto the table test trunk extension to subject’s full range of motion resistance = gravity

5. Erector Spinae

6. Latissimus Dorsi Position : Prone hands behind head stabilize the legs firmly onto the table test trunk extension to subject’s full range of motion resistance = gravity

7. Trapezius Position : Prone hands behind head stabilize the legs firmly onto the table test trunk extension to subject’s full range of motion resistance = gravity

8. Quadratus Lumborum Position : Prone test lateral elevation of the pelvis extremity is in slight extension and abduction resistance = traction in a line directly opposing line of pull subject is asked to actively hip hike

9. Lateral Trunk Flexion Position : Side-lying top arm is extended down side underarm is across the chest stabilize legs test = trunk raising directly sideways Grading : Normal (maximum lateral flexion) Good (4 inches from table) Fair (2 inches from table)

10. External and Internal Obliques Position : Side-lying top arm is extended down side underarm is across the chest stabilize legs test = trunk raising directly sideways Grading : Normal (maximum lateral flexion ) Good (4 inches from table ) Fair (2 inches from table )

11. Oblique Trunk Flexion Position : Supine stabilize legs patient clasps hands behind head place patient into trunk flexion and rotation and hold Grading : Normal (5)= ability to hold position with hands behind head Good (4)= arms are folded across the chest Fair + (3+)= arms extended Fair (3)= raise both scapulae from table

12. Rectus Abdominis Position : Supine stabilize legs patient clasps hands behind head place patient into trunk flexion and rotation and hold Grading : Normal (5)= ability to hold position with hands behind head Good (4)= arms are folded across the chest Fair + (3+)= arms extended Fair (3)= raise both scapulae from table

13. Anterior Trunk Flexion (upper abdominals) Position : Supine legs extended do not hold feet test= trunk curl slowly, completing spine flexion Grading : Normal= hands behind head Good= arms folded across the chest and can go through full ROM Fair+ = arms extended forward and can go thru full ROM Fair= arms extended but cannot maintain spine flexion

14. Neck Flexion Position : Supine hands overhead test flexion of cervical spine by lifting the head with chin depressed and approximated toward sternum pressure against forehead in posterior direction

15. Longus Capitus and Colli Position : Supine hands overhead test flexion of cervical spine by lifting the head with chin depressed and approximated toward sternum pressure against forehead in posterior direction

16. Rectus Capitus Anterior Position : Supine hands overhead test flexion of cervical spine by lifting the head with chin depressed and approximated toward sternum pressure against forehead in posterior direction

17. Anterior Scalene Position : Supine hands overhead pressure against temporal region of head in an obliquely posterior direction

18. Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid Position : Supine hands overhead pressure against temporal region of head in an obliquely posterior direction

19. Neck Rotation (Anterolateral) Position : Supine head rotated to opposite side of muscle tested pressure against temporal region of head in an obliquely posterior direction Seating counter pressure against rotation

20. Sternocleidomastoid Position : Supine head rotated to opposite side of muscle tested pressure against temporal region of head in an obliquely posterior direction Seating counterpressure against rotation 

21. Scalene Position : Supine head rotated to opposite side of muscle tested pressure against temporal region of head in an obliquely posterior direction Seating Counter pressure against rotation    

22. Neck Rotation ( Posterolateral ) Position : Prone hands overhead test posterolateral neck extension with the face turned toward the side being tested pressure against the posterolateral aspect of head in an anterolateral direction

23. Splenius Capitus and Cervices Position : Prone hands overhead test posterolateral neck extension with the face turned toward the side being tested pressure against the posterolateral aspect of head in an anterolateral direction

24. Semispinalis Capitus and Cervices Position : Prone hands overhead test posterolateral neck extension with the face turned toward the side being tested pressure against the posterolateral aspect of head in an anterolateral direction

25. Cervical Erector Spinae Position : Prone hands overhead test posterolateral neck extension with the face turned toward the side being tested pressure against the posterolateral aspect of head in an anterolateral direction

26. Neck Lateral Flexion Position : Sitting pressure = separate neck and head that is in a laterally flexed position

27. Frontalis Raise the eyebrows wrinkling the forehead

28. Corrugator Supercilious Draw the eyebrows together

29. Nasalis alar portion Widen the apertures of the nostrils, as in forced or difficult breathing

30. Depressor Septi and Transverse part Nasalis Draw the point of the nose downward, narrowing the nostrils

31. Procerus Pull the skin of the nose upward, forming transverse wrinkles over the bridge of the nose

32. Levator Anguli Oris Draw the angle of the mouth straight upward

33. Risorius Draw the angle of the mouth backward

34. Zigomaticus Major Draw the angle of the mouth upward and outward, as in smiling

35. Levator Labii Superioris Raise and protrude the upper lip, show upper gums

36. Depressor Labii Inferioris and Playsma Draw the lower lip and angle of the mouth downward and outward, tensing the skin over the neck

37. Orbicularis Oris Close and protrude the lips kissing muscle

38. Buccinator Press the cheeks firmly against the side teeth and pull back the angle of the mouth

39. Mentalis Raise the skin of the chin lower lip will protrude (pouting)

40. Depressor Anguli Oris Draw down the angles of the mouth

41. Pterygoid Medialis and Lateralis Protrude the lower jaw

42. Temporalis, Masseter, and pterygoid medialis Close the jaw clench the teeth

43. Suprahyoid muscles Resist jaw depression

44. Infrahyoid muscles Depress hyoid

45. Orbicularis Oculi Close the eye

46. Rectus medialis oculi and rectus lateralis oculi R medial + L lateral => look left L medial + R lateral => look right 

47. Levator Palpebrae Superioris Raise upper eyelid (bug eyed)