marine microorganisms.pptx

This PPT Presentation comprises of the general information about the Diversity of Marine Bacteria Organisms found in the water bodies around the world. It also includes their Potential uses. It also comprises of some prominent examples of marine bacteria found generally into the sea shore.

1. DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY DIVERSITY OF MICRO-ORGANISMS IN MARINE HABITAT . Ranjana M Parab FYBSC.B R.no-167

2. Microorganisms make up about 70% of the  marine biomass .  A  microorganism , or microbe, is a  microscopic   organism  too small to be recognised adequately with the naked eye. In practice, that includes organisms smaller than about 0.1 mm . Microorganisms are diverse and include all  bacteria  and  archea, most  protists  including  algae ,  protozoa  and  fungal-like  protists, as well as certain microscopic animals such as  rotifers . Marine microorganisms  are defined by their habitat as  microorganisms  living in a  marine environment , that is, in the  saltwater  of a sea or ocean or the  brackish  water of a coastal  estuary . Microorganisms are crucial to nutrient recycling in  ecosystems  as they act as  decomposers . They are also responsible for nearly all  photosynthesis  that occurs in the ocean, as well as the cycling of  carbon ,  nitrogen ,  phosphorus  and other  nutrients  and trace elements .  Marine microorganisms sequester large amounts of carbon and produce much of the world's oxygen. Introduction:

3. POTENTIAL OF MARINE MICROORGANISMS

4. Heterocystous cyanobacteria are multi-celled organisms that form microscopic filaments and perform  nitrogen fixation  in the open ocean. The most common genus of heterocystous cyanobacteria in open-ocean areas is  Richelia , which is almost always found living inside of diatoms, a type of microscopic marine algae . As part of this “symbiotic” living arrangement, the heterocystous cyanobacteria provide the diatoms with “fixed” nitrogen and other nutrients. Like all nitrogen fixing organisms, heterocystous cyanobacteria use an enzyme called “nitrogenase” to transform nitrogen gas into more useable forms of nitrogen. However, nitrogenase is inhibited in the oxygen-rich environment that exists inside most cells. As multi-cellular organisms, heterocystous cyanobacteria have evolved specialized cells called “heterocysts,” which provide an environment more conducive to nitrogen fixation. Heterocystous cyanobacteria

5. Pelagibacter ubique , is significantly known to be one of smallest and simplest, self-replicating, and free living cell . P. ubique  has a coastal, ocean surface ecotype, living in a low nutrient habitat . P. ubique  was first isolated in 2002 from the Sargasso Sea. P. ubique  is an efficient microbe, it consumes the dead organic matter which is dissolved in the ocean water . T he microbe releases nutrients needed by the ocean algae to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen, which is a photosynthetic process. Pelagibacter ubique

6. Aliivibrio fischeri  (also called  Vibrio fischeri ) is a  Gram-negative ,  rod-shaped   bacterium  found globally in  marine  environments . One of its most distinguishing characteristics, bioluminescence, is controlled by a small set of genes known as the  lux  operon . Luminescent bacteria are found in free-living, symbiotic, saprophytic or parasitic relationships . The bacterium is a key research organism for examination of microbial  bioluminescence ,  quorum sensing , and bacterial-animal symbiosis.  Vibrio fischeri

7. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_microorganisms https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/cmoreserver/cruises/biolincs/microbes.htm https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/marine-microorganism https://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=jbs.2010.555.564 https://www.aims.gov.au/docs/research/marine-microbes/microbes/microbes.html#:~:text=Marine%20microbes%20are%20tiny%20organisms,that%20freeload%20along%20with%20them. References:-