Mask

This PPT includes details regarding MASK because it is the situation of the pandemic so everyone must know about the mask.

1. MASK Presented by: VIJAYARADDI VANDALI P hD Scholar (N),M.Sc .(N), PGDHA, PGCDE, Dip in Psy. Faculty, ESIC College of Nursing Kalaburagi, India.

2. I ntroduction What the world is dealing with right now is a new type of coronavirus known as COVID-19. The technical term of the virus is SARS-CoV-2 and no one clearly knows what led to its emergence. The virus was first detected in 2019 in China with symptoms such as fever, cough and difficulty in breathing. I t is high time people came to know that COVID-19 and coronavirus are not the same. While coronavirus is an umbrella term, COVID-9 is just a part of it. Coronavirus is actually a family of virus which already exists in the world and is known to cause diseases in humans. The entire family of coronaviruses is called Coronaviridae and some of them also cause minor diseases, such as common cold.

3. Contd…. A disease is termed as a pandemic when it spreads all over the globe and in most countries of the world. COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic by WHO (World Health Organization) after its spread was confirmed in more than 100 countries

4. Introduction of MASK The official word on face masks Since the start of the coronavirus outbreak, the official advice from the World Health Organization has been that only two types of people should wear masks: those who are sick and show symptoms, and those who are caring for people who are suspected to have the coronavirus

5. DEFINITION OF MASK A  mask  is an object normally worn on the  face , typically for  protection ,  disguise ,  performance , or  entertainment . Masks have been used since antiquity for both  ceremonial  and  practical  purposes, as well as in the  performing arts  and for entertainment. They are usually worn on the face, although they may also be positioned for effect elsewhere on the wearer's body. More generally in  art history , especially  sculpture , "mask" is the term for a face without a body that is not modelled in the round (which would make it a "head"), but for example appears in low  relief .

6. History of MASK The use of masks in  rituals  or  ceremonies  is a very ancient human practice across the world, [4]  although masks can also be worn for protection, in hunting, in sports, in feasts, or in wars – or simply used as ornamentation. [5]  Some ceremonial or decorative masks were not designed to be worn. Although the religious use of masks has waned, masks are used sometimes in drama therapy or psychotherapy.

7. 4 types of common mask and if they help protect you from coronavirus

8. 1.SURGICAL MASKS The most commonly available form of masks in the market, surgical masks are the ones which are slightly loose-fitted around the mouth and used to protect a person against large splashes of droplets, water, sprays and used in medical facilities. Since they are so popular and cost-effective, they also come in a variety of sizes, colours and types. While they do cover your mouth, surgical masks can't really protect you from catching or transmitting the coronavirus or any such microbe in the air, since it has loose gaps which can help the germs crawl in. That being said, a high-grade surgical mask can stop the transmission of different kinds of viruses (up to 80-90%), especially if used by a person who is sick.

9. N95 RESPIRATOR MASKS These are again widely being used right now to lessen the spread of coronavirus. It's slightly more tight-fitted and vague looking, making it a better alternative to surgical masks. Masks with N95 rating filter 95% of particles 0.3 microns or larger in diameter, roughly the size of a single virus and include PM 2.5. Some masks also have an attachment called the exhalation valve, which can filter out humidity build-up. They also work drastically better in filtering out and stopping pollutants, viruses and bacteria from entering the mouth or nasal passageway, with an efficacy of 95%. However, they are also slightly more expensive, costing-wise. Plus, N95 masks need to be fitted and tested beforehand so as to make it effectively work

10. ACTIVATED CARBON MASKS As the name suggests, these masks contain an activated carbon filter, which help collect and filter out the pollutants and germs and breathe in purer air. Studies also say that carbon filters present in the mask may even improve your lung capacity and respiratory muscles, making it a good buy if you live in an extremely polluted city. That being said, these masks work very well in fighting pollution and tiny particles like bacteria and fungi which spread through the air we breathe in, and thereby, prevent allergies. However, they do not work exceptionally well in fighting or preventing viruses like COVID-19 from coming in contact. They can only trap a minuscule number of viruses (10-20%) and hence, may not be the best choice right now.

11. ACTIVATED CARBON MASKS

12. CLOTH AND SPONGE MASKS Over the recent weeks, with an acute shortage of masks supply in the market and lack of protective gear available, many are turning to homemade masks made out of different fabrics like cloth or sponge. While homemade masks do not match the effectiveness, they are better than having nothing on hand to fight the spread of germs, especially during a pandemic situation like this. Simply put, homemade masks offer LESSER protection than surgical or respirator masks. However, as the CDC guidelines read, they can help a person keep the face area clean and prevent the spread of nasty germs and other contagious viruses. Sanitization and disinfecting are crucial steps which can prevent and stop the spread of corona.

13. CLOTH AND SPONGE MASKS

14. RESPIRATOR A  respirator  is a device designed to protect the wearer from inhaling hazardous atmospheres, including  fumes ,  vapours ,  gases  and  particulate matter  such as dusts and airborne  microorganisms . There are two main categories: the  air-purifying respirator , in which respirable air is obtained by filtering a contaminated atmosphere, and the  air-supplied respirator , in which an alternate supply of breathable air is delivered. Within each category, different techniques are employed to reduce or eliminate noxious airborne contaminants. Air-purifying respirators range from relatively inexpensive single-use, disposable face masks sometimes referred to as a  dust mask  to more robust reusable models with replaceable cartridges often called a  gas mask .

15. Who should be wearing a mask? The Centres of Disease Control and Prevention recommends that masks and protective gear be only worn by people in four categories: If you show symptoms of a flu If you belong to a high-risk category ( chronic illnesses, underlying medical conditions) and go out. H ealthcare professional -Or around someone who is affected .

16. Use of mask in risk areas: Hospital near

17. Side effects of using Masks Discomfort Feeling dyspneic Skin lesions Pain Redness on skin Skin diseases etc

18. Advantages of masks use Can prevent airborne diseases Prevent polluted air to enter body Prevent viruses/ bacterias to enter body Reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality in pandemic situations

19. Research on use of masks Many research has been proven that use masks can able to prevent effectively spread of airborne diseases such as COVID-19, SARS, EBOLA Tuberculosis etc

20. References https://www.bbc.com/news/world-52015486 https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org https://en.wikipedia.org/ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/ Prepared on 8-7-2020