MATERIAL AND RESEARCH DESIGN, POPULATION AND SAMPLING METHODS.ppt

MATERIAL AND RESEARCH DESIGN, POPULATION AND SAMPLING METHODS.ppt

1. MATERIAL AND RESEARCH DESIGN,
POPULATION AND SAMPLING METHODS
BY
SAM-IHEATURUEME UZOAMAKA
LILLIAN

2. Introduction
•Material is either a primary, secondary, or
tertiary material type depending on when it
was created and its purpose and scope. It is
important to understand the value in using
primary, secondary and tertiary sources of
information for research. Each serves a
different purpose in the research process. It is
not always clear how to determine the
material type of a source because it can vary
by academic discipline or use.

3. •What are Research Materials
•Research Material means documents, records,
software, information, data and other
materials or work product in any tangible form
created or developed during the course of, or
in association with, the Research Activity.
Whatareresearchdesigns?
•The research design refers to the overall
strategy that you choose to integrate the
different components of the study in a
coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring
you will effectively address the research
problem; it constitutes the blueprint for the
collection, measurement, and analysis of data.

4. •What is population in statistics
In statistics, a population is an entire group
about which some information is required to
be ascertained. A statistical population need
not consist only of people.
•Types of population
There are different types of population. They
are:
•Finite Population
•Infinite Population
•Existent Population
•Hypothetical Population

5. •What is sampling?
•Sampling is a technique of selecting individual
members or a subset of the population to
make statistical inferences from them and
estimate the characteristics of the whole
population
•Types of sampling: sampling methods
•Probability sampling
•Non-probability sampling

6. Importance of Sample Size
•The importance of sample size calculation cannot be
overemphasized. A research can be conducted for
various objectives. It may be done to establish a
difference between two treatment regimens in terms
of predefined parameters like beneficial effects, side
effects, and risk factors of these regimens.
Factors that Influence Sample Sizes
The homogeneity of the sample
The risk of error
Attrition

7. •Conclusion
•There are different formulae given by different
educationists for the determination of
appropriate sample sizes. The researcher should
choose the formula according to their needs and
convenience. In choosing the right one, the
researcher has to take into consideration about
the maximum budget, time limit, nature of the
study along with desired level of precision,
confidence level and variability within the
population of interest. Using an adequate sample
along with high quality data collection will result
in more reliable, valid and generalisedresults.