Material Handling for mechanical engineering.pptx

Material Handling for mechanical engineering

1. UNIT-IV Material Handling- Definition -It is art of science moving, packing and storing of substance in any form. . It involves handling of material ,manually or mechanically in batches or one items at a time.

2. Importance of Material Handling .Function of production control. Concern with scheduling of production control. Material handling add value to production cost. Material handling increases effectiveness of a plant layout by reducing the cost.

3. Objective of Material handling To lower unit material handling cost. To reduce manufacturing cycle time. To provide better control of flow of material. .To provide better working condition. To provide contribution for better quality by a voiding damage to product. .To increase storage capacity. .To provide higher productivity at lower manufacturing cost.

4. Functions of Material Handling The following are the most important function of material handling. .The movement and purchasing of purchased materials, tools, spares etc. f or the purpose of s torage. .The internal transportation of materials from stores to shop or departments. .The movement of material within department

5. f rom one machine to another while processing. .The movement and position of finished products or components for the purpose of stocking or sale. .Unloading raw –materials from trucks or other transport. .Loading packed materials on motor trucks or other transport.

6. Factor affecting the selection of material handling equipment. It depends on 3 types of 1.Production problem 2.Human element involved. 3.Capability of the material handling equipment available. 1.Production Problem: (a)Volume of production to be maintained. (b)Layout of the plant &building facilities.

7. (c)Class of the material to be handled. 2.Human element involved (a)Capability of manpower (b)Safety of personnel. 3.Capability of the material handling equipment available: (a)Ease of maintenance. (b)Flexibility (c)Adaptability (d)Speed

8. (e)Space requirement (f)Supervision required (g)Power (h)Cost ( i )Environment (j)Load capacity

9. Types of Material Handling System 1.Equipment orientation System :- a)Convey or System b)Tractor transfer system c)Fork lift truck d)Industrial truck System e)Underground System 2.Material Oriented System:- a)Unit handling System

10. b)Bulk handling System. c)Liquid handling System. 3.Method Orientation System:- a)Manual System b)Automated System c)Job shop handling System d)Mass production System. 4.Function Orientation System:- a)Transportation System

11. b)Conveying System c)Transferring System d)Elevating System Types of Material Handling System It is 3 types: (a) Lifting and lowering devices(vertical movement) (b)Transporting devices(Horizontal movement) .(c)Combine devices

12. Lifting and lowering devices These devices are used for lifting and lowering the material in a vertical direction only(up &down) 1.Block &tackle 2.Hand &power winches 3.Hoists. 4.Elevators .5Pillar crane

13. Transporting Devices:- These are used for transporting material in horizontal direction 1.Wheel barrow 2.Hand & power truck 3.Industrial narrow railways. 4.Tractor & trailer 5.Pipe lines 6.Pumps 7.Aerial trans ways.

14. Combine Devices:- These are used for both lifting, transporting and lowering material. 1.Fork lift truck 2.Crane truck 3.Spiral roller 4.Cranes. 5.Different types of conveyers 6.Hoists with trolley running on overhead rails.

15. A block and tackle :- It is a lifting device used by moving men and in hoisting machinery into position. .It depends on manpower and gives mechanical advantages that possible various rope performance. Winches: -It is frequently used in loading heavy equipment into ships. construction equipment Into building and in similar jobs. Hoists:- These are used for lifting the load vertically.

16. It is commonly operated by compressed air or electric power. .They are operated by remote control. Elevator: -It is two types of elevators i.e hydraulic and electrical operated. These are differentiated from hoists by fact that the operator rides with load. Monorail: -It is I-section beam attached to the ceiling and having either a trolley or carrier moving along with it. The material can be transferred along the beam

17. from one place to another. Cranes:- These are used to move material vertical and laterally in area of limited length. They may be operated hydraulically,or electrically. The important types cranes are 1.Pillar crane 2.Overhead bridge crane 3.Gantry crane 4.Jibs crane. Mobile crane

18. Pillar crane:- It may be stationary or mobile type. .It is used for light duty and for lifting load up to 20 tonnes. All movements to the crane are provided by gearing and electric motor drive. Overhead bridge crane:- It has both transverse and longitudinal movements. It is used in foundary , power house, chemical Plants, heavy fabrication industry, steel industry etc. Jib Cranes:- In this crane,the hook can move in a circular path. A jib crane is prefered where lifting

19. of job in few location only or where bridge crane cannot be erected. In a jib crane hoist unit may be mounted on an I-section jib wich in turn supported on a column. Gantry Crane:- It is act as auxiliary to bridge crane. It is provided with wheels and can be moved from one place to another as per requirements.

20. Hand truck and wheels barrows:- It is equipped with wheel barrow which are particular used to handle the materials inside the shops. Industrial railway-It is narrow-gauge rail road. It is found in metal working industries. Tractor and Trailer- These are common method for horizontal transportation. It is most flexible that tractor can be connected To different type of trailer.

21. It is one of the most important methods of handling materials inside the plant and from one building to another building. Railway Equipment- It is advantageous where plant are located at considerable distance. Skids- It is loaded with lift truck.Goods may be loaded on to skid and are picked up with lift truck. Pipe line- It is used for horizontal transportation of commodities.Oil is pumped greater distance through pipe lines.

22. Slide and Chutes-I t is used for both vertical and horizotal motion is a slide/chute. Chutes are common in railway and air line for handling packages and baggage's. Monorails- It is I-section beam attached to the ceiling and having a trolley hoist moving along it. The material can transfer from one place to another along the beam. T rucks -These are used to move the heavy materials over varying paths . They are manually operated or power operated.

23. It is 2,3,4 wheelers or more to carry and move Heavy loads. Industrial trucks are preferred. -When materials are to be picked up and moved Immediately on different routes. -When it is possible to use unit load. -When cross traffic exists. -When distances to be moved are moderate. Crane Truck-It is same as lift truck. It is used for materials that cannot be put on skid.

24. Conveyors-I t is device which moves materials in either direction b/w two points. They may be fixed or portable conveyors,straight or circular. They are operated either power or without power through gravity. Use of conveyor- 1.processing activities performed during transportation. 2.Work-holding device on a moving work-station.

25. 3. A medium for providing storage. 4.Inspection of the product in transit. 5.A device for pacing operation and reducing production planning and control activities. Types of conveyors- a)Belt conveyors b)Roller conveyor c)Chain conveyor d)Bucket conveyor e)Screw conveyor

26. Relation between plant layout and Material Handling 1.Material handling is a integral part of plant lay out. 2.A good material handling requires a well arrangement of production equipment, proper location of various department etc. 3.In plant layout provision for the receiving and shipping of material either by truck,trainetc .

27. 4.The location of items within a storeroom should provide for accessibility, minimum handling of material to the point of issue, efficient utilization of space. 5.An adequate amount of space should be provided at the receiving area of the store room for inspection and unpacking. Material Handling in process layout- 1.The prime requirement of material handling method used in process layout is flexibility of path and flexibility of size, weight and shape. 2.The types of material handling equipment that fit

28. This requirement are ,in general ,mobile truck,tractor,train,crane and fork lift etc. The time required to set down or pick up a load,is an important characteristics of efficient material handling system. Material handling in line layout- 1.The nature of line layout require some direct means of transportation b/w operation. 2.Conveyors to fit all type of application of size ,shape, and weight of parts are available commercially .