Maternity Checkup. Ppt. Obstetrics and Gynecology

This has information to check up the maternity check bakesdon time frame and how to check and so on...

1. Maternity checkup P r e s e n t a t ion b y : U J J W AL JOSHI GROUP 6

2. 1. Introduction to Maternity Checkup - Definition: Comprehensive medical checkups during pregnancy. - Importance: Ensures health of both mother and baby. - Global Perspective: Key part of maternal healthcare systems worldwide.

3. 2. Objectives of Maternity Checkups - Monitoring maternal and fetal health. - Early detection and management of pregnancy complications. - Providing information and education to expecting mothers. - Building a birth plan with healthcare providers.

4. 3. Types of Maternity Checkups - First Trimester Checkups: Initial assessments and screening tests. - Second Trimester Checkups: Detailed ultrasound, glucose tolerance test. - Third Trimester Checkups: Growth scans, monitoring fetal position.

5. 4. First Trimester Checkups - Initial Blood Tests: CBC, blood type, Rh factor, infections. - Ultrasound: Confirm pregnancy, gestational age, heartbeat. - Screening Tests: Down syndrome, trisomy 18. - Health Education: Nutrition, exercise, lifestyle adjustments.

6. 5. Second Trimester Checkups - Anomaly Scan: Detailed ultrasound to check fetal development. - Glucose Tolerance Test: Screening for gestational diabetes. - Quad Screen Test: Screening for certain birth defects. - Monitoring Weight and Blood Pressure: Assess maternal health.

7. 6. Third Trimester Checkups - Growth Ultrasound: Monitor baby's growth and amniotic fluid levels. - Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Test: Screening for GBS infection. - Biophysical Profile: Combined ultrasound and non-stress test. - Preparing for Labor: Discussing signs, birth plan, delivery options.

8. 7. Routine Maternity Checkup Procedures - Physical Examinations: Checking weight, blood pressure, heart rate. - Urine Tests: Screening for protein, sugar, and infections. - Fetal Monitoring: Measuring fetal heart rate and growth. - Patient Education: Guidance on nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle.

9. 8. Common Diagnostic Tests - Ultrasound Scans: Various types for monitoring fetal development. - Blood Tests: Complete blood count, glucose, Rh factor, etc. - Amniocentesis: Detecting chromosomal abnormalities. - Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Early genetic testing.

10. 9. Screening for Genetic Disorders - Genetic Counseling: Understanding risks and available tests. - Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT): Checking fetal DNA. - Carrier Screening: Identifying potential genetic disorders. - Diagnostic Tests: Amniocentesis and CVS.

11. 10. Monitoring Fetal Growth and Well-Being - Fetal Movement Counting: Monitoring fetal activity. - Doppler Ultrasound: Measuring blood flow in the umbilical cord. - Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring: Ensuring normal heart activity. - Ultrasound Scans: Assessing growth patterns, amniotic fluid levels.

12. 11. Importance of Regular Maternity Checkups - Early Detection of Complications: Preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, etc. - Ensuring Fetal Health: Monitoring growth, heart rate, development. - Preventive Care: Vaccinations, supplements (iron, folic acid). - Mental Health Support: Addressing anxiety, depression.

13. 12. Maternity Checkup Schedule - First Trimester: Every 4 weeks (0-13 weeks). - Second Trimester: Every 4 weeks (14-27 weeks). - Third Trimester: Every 2-3 weeks (28-36 weeks), weekly after 36 weeks. - Adjustments: Frequency may change for high-risk pregnancies.

14. 13. Role of Healthcare Providers - Obstetricians/Gynecologists (OB/GYN): Managing pregnancy and delivery. - Midwives: Providing prenatal and postnatal care. - Primary Care Physicians: Coordinating care, managing pre-existing conditions. - Specialists: Handling high-risk pregnancies, fetal anomalies.

15. 14. Telehealth in Maternity Care - Definition: Remote consultations and monitoring. - Benefits: Accessible care, reduces travel, timely consultations. - Limitations: Lack of physical exams, technological barriers. - Future Trends: Increasing adoption, enhanced monitoring tools.

16. 15. Nutrition and Lifestyle Counseling - Importance: Supports fetal growth and maternal health. - Key Areas: Balanced diet, hydration, avoiding harmful substances. - Exercise Guidance: Benefits of prenatal yoga, walking. - Addressing Common Issues: Nausea, gestational weight gain.

17. 16. Psychological Support and Counseling - Common Issues: Anxiety, mood swings, depression. - Importance: Mental health impacts pregnancy outcomes. - Interventions: Counseling, support groups, mindfulness techniques. - Resources: Local mental health services, online platforms.

18. 17. Vaccinations During Pregnancy - Recommended Vaccines: Influenza, Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis). - Importance: Protects mother and baby from infections. - Timing: Based on gestational age and individual risk factors. - Myths vs. Facts: Clarifying safety concerns.

19. 18. Preparing for Delivery: Key Checkups - Final Checkups: Cervical exams, fetal position assessment. - Hospital Preparation: Birth plan, pre-registration. - Signs of Labor: Contractions, water breaking, changes in fetal movement. - Emergency Signs: Bleeding, severe pain, reduced fetal movement.

20. 19. Managing High-Risk Pregnancies - Definition: Pregnancies with increased health risks. - Common Conditions: Hypertension, diabetes, multiple gestations. - Special Care: More frequent checkups, specialist consultations. - Monitoring Tools: Non-stress tests, Doppler ultrasounds.

21. 20. Role of Family in Maternity Care - Importance of Partner Involvement: Emotional and practical support. - Family Education: Prenatal classes, awareness sessions. - Encouraging a Supportive Environment: Reducing stress, improving outcomes. - Postpartum Support: Helping with baby care and maternal recovery.

22. 21. Global Statistics on Maternal Health - Global Maternal Mortality Rate: 211 deaths per 100,000 live births (WHO, 2017). - Regional Disparities: Higher rates in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. - Progress: Reduction in global MMR by 38% since 2000. - Challenges: Access to care, socio-economic factors, cultural barriers.

23. 22. Technological Innovations in Maternity Care - Wearable Devices: Monitoring fetal heart rate, maternal vitals. - AI and Big Data: Predicting risks, personalized care plans. - Telemonitoring: Remote monitoring of high-risk pregnancies. - Future Directions: Enhanced diagnostic tools, improved accessibility.

24. 23. Maternal Health in Low-Income Countries - Challenges: Limited access to skilled birth attendants, inadequate infrastructure. - Interventions: Community health programs, mobile clinics. - Case Example: Sub-Saharan Africa - Training traditional birth attendants. - Outcomes: Reduced maternal mortality, improved neonatal health.

25. 24. Maternal Health in High-Income Countries - Focus: U.S., U.K., Japan. - Challenges: Racial and socio-economic disparities, maternal morbidity. - Best Practices: Regular screenings, patient education, integrated care. - Outcomes: Improved maternal outcomes with targeted interventions.

26. 25. Maternal Health Challenges During COVID-19 - Impact: Reduced access to care, increased anxiety. - Adaptive Measures: Telehealth, home care kits, virtual consultations. - Changes in Practices: Remote monitoring, limited in-person visits. - Future Implications: Integration of digital tools in routine care.

27. 26. Case Study: Maternal Health in India - Focus: Maternal Health in Rural and Urban India. - Challenges: Limited access, socio-economic disparities. - Interventions: Janani Suraksha Yojana, mobile health units. - Outcomes: Reduced MMR, increased institutional deliveries.

28. 27. Case Study: Maternal Health in Egypt - Focus: Addressing maternal health challenges. - Challenges: High C-section rates, regional disparities. - Interventions: National Mortality Reduction Program, awareness campaigns. - Outcomes: Reduced maternal mortality, improved care access.

29. 28. Case Study: Maternal Health in Russia - Focus: Aging maternal population, high abortion rates. - Interventions: Mother and Child Program, perinatal centers. - Outcomes: Reduced maternal mortality, better access to care.

30. 29. Comparative Analysis of Case Studies - Key Indicators: MMR, access to skilled care. - Common Challenges: Socio-economic disparities, healthcare infrastructure. - Unique Approaches: Financial incentives, community outreach, modernized facilities. - Lessons Learned: Adaptation of global strategies.

31. 30. Lessons Learned from Case Studies - Key Takeaways: Tailored approaches, government policy impacts. - Continuous Monitoring: Regular evaluations and updates. - Global Implications: Applying lessons to improve maternal health worldwide. - Future Directions: Focus on equity, access, and innovation.