Maths project on mensuration class 8 by indira singh

IT IS A CLEAR MATHS PROJECT .BASED ON NCERT SYLLABUS

1. BIRLA BALIKA VIDYAPEETH
MATHS PROJECT 2018
Submitted by :
Indira Singh
Class : VIII A
Roll no:-7
Submitted to :
Mrs. Rini Abrahm

2. CHAPTER 11
MENSURATION
What is mensuration in mathematics?
Mensuration is a branch in mathematics which deals
with measurement of areas and volumes of various
geometrical figures. Figures such as
cubes,cuboid,cones,cylinders and spheres have
volume and area. Mensuration deals with
development of formulas to measure the areas and
volume.

3. INTRODUCTION
●PERIMETER OF CLOSED
FIGURE
● AREA OF
QUADRILATERAL AND
POLYGONS
●SURFACE AREAS OF
SOLIDS
●VOLUME OF SOLIDS

4. DEFINATIONS
●AREA :-The amount of space inside the boundary
of a two dimensional shape .
●PERIMETER :-The amount of space outside the
boundary of a two dimensional shape .

5. SQUARE
Square, regular quadrilateral of all
four sides of equal length and angles.
Its opposite sides are parallel and its
diagonals perpendicularly bisect
each other,and are of equal length. A
quadrilateral is a square only if it
posses both the properties one of a
rhombus{FOUR EQUAL SIDES} and of
rectangles{FOUR EQUAL ANGLES}.
No. of edges:- 4
No. of vertices:-4
AREA:{side x side}
PERIMETER: {4 x side}

6. RECTANGLE
In rectangle,all angles are right
angles. The diagonals bisect each
other and are equal in length. A
rectangle is also parallelogram
(OPPOSITE SIDES ARE PARALLEL TO
EACH OTHER) .
No. of edges:- 4
No. of vertices:-4
AREA:{length x breadth}
PERIMETER:2{length+breadth}

7. TRIANGLE
A triangle is a simple polygon. It
is one of the basic shapes in
geometry with three edges and
vertices.
No. of edges:- 3
No. of vertices:-3
AREA:{½ x base x height}
PERIMETER:
Equilateral:{3 x side}
Isosceles:{side + side+ side}
Scalene:When s is
perimeter:{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}

8. PARALLELOGRAM
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral
with opposite sides equal and parallel
to each other. It has opposite equal
angles.Parallelograms includes all
rhombi and rhomboids thus includes
all rectangles.
No. of edges:- 4
No. of vertices:-4
AREA:{½ x base x height}
PERIMETER:{sum of all its
sides}

9. TRAPEZIUM
In Euclidean geometry, a convex
quadrilateral with at least one pair of
parallel sides is referred to as a trapezium
in English outside North America. The
parallel sides are called the bases of a
trapezium and the other two sides are
called legs or lateral sides.
No. of edges:- 4
No. of vertices:-4
AREA:{½(sum of its sides) x
height}
PERIMETER:{sum of all its
sides}
●

10. RHOMBUS
Rhombus has all its four sides of
equal length. The diagonals of a
rhombus perpendicularly bisect each
other. Informally:'a pushover
square'.
No. of edges:- 4
No. of vertices:-4
AREA:½ x {product of its
diagonals}
PERIMETER:{sum of all its
sides}

11. CUBE
In geometry, a cube is a three-
dimensional solid object bounded
by six square faces, facets or
sides, with three meeting at each
vertex.
SURFACE AREA OF CUBE:-
Area of all its sides =
6 x {side x side}

12. CUBOID
A cuboid is a box-shaped object
made of six faces that all meet at 90-
degree angles. A cuboid shape can
also be a cube if all sides are the
same length{NOT ALL CUBOIDS ARE
CUBES}.
SURFACE AREA OF CUBOID:-
AREA OF ALL ITS FACES=
2{lb + bh + hl }

13. CYLINDER
A cylinder, has traditionally
been a three-dimensional solid,
one of the most basic of
curvilinear geometric shapes.
It is the idealized version of a
solid physical tin can having
lids on top and bottom.
AREA OF CURVED SURFACE:
2 × π × r × h
AREA OF A BASE: : πr²
AREA OF TWO BASES : 2πr²

14. VOLUME OF
SOLIDS

15. CUBE
●A cube has six square faces.
●The length of each square face
is equal.
VOLUME OF CUBE :
Length x length x length
Or
L
3

16. CUBOID
●A cuboid also has 6 faces.
●However,they are not
equal in length.
VOLUME OF CUBOID :
Length x width x height

17. CYLINDER
A cylinder is the idealized
version of a solid physical tin can
having lids on top and bottom.
VOLUME OF CYLINDER :
πr²h

18. HOPE YOU LIKED IT