Matter and Changes: Understanding the Basics of Physical and Chemical Transformations

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It exists in different states—solid, liquid, gas, and plasma—and can undergo various changes. These changes can be classified as physical or chemical. Physical changes affect the form or appearance of matter without changing its composition, such as melting ice or dissolving sugar in water. Chemical changes, on the other hand, result in the formation of new substances, like when iron rusts or wood burns.

In this presentation, we will explore the properties of matter and the differences between physical and chemical changes. We will look at examples of both types of transformations, discuss indicators of chemical reactions, and understand why these changes are fundamental to the study of science.

1. Inquiry Click on a lesson to choose and start notes Topic 1 Matter and Energy Click on a Lesson to choose and start notes Lesson 1. Classifications of Matter Lesson 2. Phases and Changes of Matter Lesson 3: Heat and Heat Calculations Lesson 4: Characteristics of Gases and Gas Laws Lesson 5: Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Practice Problem Sets Quick-Quiz Click to Start © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Important info Interactive By Chemistry E3 Scholastic Notes Publishing E ffiong E yo S urvivingchem.com Thanks for using my notes. Please visit my sites for more. SurvivingChem.com E3Chemistry.com For Books of Test Preps and Instructional Materials For Digital Downloads of Test Preps and Instructional Materials Teachers Notebook Shop TpT Store Go to Topic 1

2. Introduction to Chemistry is the study of matter: ● Its composition, structures, properties, changes, and energy accompanying the changes ● anything that has mass and occupy space (has volume) ● Matter is “stuff” Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Chemistry Matter

3. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Introduction Pure substances Elements Compounds Mixtures Homogeneous mixtures Heterogeneous mixtures Separation of Mixtures Decantation Evaporation Filtration Distillation Chromatography Formula Representations of Matter Diagram Representations of Matter Classification Diagram Law of definite composition Index of Concepts Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com PoPuP Quiz Got stuff? Everything in this picture can be sorted and grouped into different categories of matter Click here to learn how to classify them

4. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter ● All matter are composed of particles ● An atom is the smallest unit of particles found in all matter ● Matter can be grouped into different categories based on the types of particles they contain ● Pure substances and mixtures are the two major classifications of matter Introduction Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com

5. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Pure Substances beryllium water Types of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Show Notes Inquiry Pure Substances are types of matter that are: ● composed of the same particles in all samples ● elements and compounds

6. Elements Be (beryllium ) Au (gold) Br (bromine) Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Types of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #1 Types of Matter E lements are pure substances with the following characteristics: ● composed of identical atoms (same atomic #) ● c annot be broken down by physical nor chemical processes ● may be a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid ● can be found on the Show Notes Inquiry Periodic Table of the Elements

7. Compounds Lesson 1. Classification of Matter H 2 O (water) C 6 H 12 O 6 CuSO 4 ( copper sulfate) Types of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #2 Types of Matter Compounds are pure substances with the following characteristics: ● composed of two or more different chemically combined elements ● ratio of elements (composition) of a compound is fixed (unchanging) ● can be broken down by chemical processes (chemical reactions) ● properties are different from those of its elements Show Notes Inquiry

8. Law of definite composition states: Elements in a compound are combined in a fixed and definite proportion (ratio) by mass. Example: Mass percentages in every sample of water is 89% O and 11% H. Therefore, any 10-gram sample of water contains 8.9 g O and 1.1 g H. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Types of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #3 Types of Matter

9. Mixtures Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Types of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Types of Matter Mixtures are types of matter with the following characteristics: ● composed of two or more different physically combined substances ● ratio of substances (composition) of a mixture can vary ● can be separated through physical processes ● properties of individual substances are retained in a mixture ● can be homogeneous or heterogeneous Show Notes

10. Homogeneous mixtures Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Types of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Types of Matter Homogeneous mixtures have the following characteristics: ● substances are evenly and uniformly mixed throughout ● definite and fixed composition in all samples of the same mixture ● Aqueous solutions are homogeneous mixtures made with water Aqueous solution is further discussed in Topic 7 Show Notes

11. Heterogeneous mixtures Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Types of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #4 Types of Matter Heterogeneous mixtures have the following characteristics: ● substances are unevenly (not uniformly ) mixed ● samples from the same mixture have compositions than can vary Show Notes

12. Summary Diagram Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Types of Matter – Summary Diagram

13. Summary diagram with details Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Types of Matter – Summary Diagram with details

14. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Formula Representations of Matter Elements K( s ) Hg ( l ) Cl 2 (g) Compounds KClO 3 (s) NH 3 (l) CO(g) Mixtures KClO 3 (aq) NH 3 (aq) CO(aq ) Types of Matter Example formulas

15. Atoms a tom X atom Y Elements Compounds Mixtures monatomic element X diatomic element Y 2 compound XY compound X 2 Y mixture of X and XY mixture of Y 2 and X 2 Y Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Show element Show compound Hide element Hide compound Show Diagrams Diagram Representations of Matter

16. ● various physical methods can be used to separate substances of a mixture ● methods used depend on the physical characteristics of the substances in the mixture Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Separation of Mixtures Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Inquiry

17. A technique used for separating mixtures with a solid and liquid layers ● the top liquid or aqueous layer is poured off ● the other components are left behind mixture Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com solid layer Separation of Heterogeneous Mixtures Decantation

18. A technique for separating liquid mixtures containing undissolved (large) particles ● small particle components (liquid or aqueous) of the mixture filter through ● large particle components (solid) of the mixture stay on the filter paper Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Separation of Heterogeneous Mixtures Filtration

19. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Separation of Homogeneous Mixtures Evaporation Show Notes Three common physical methods of separating homogeneous mixtures are Distillation Chromatography

20. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures A technique used for recovering the solid components of an aqueous mixture (solution) . ● gas or vapor is allowed to escape the mixture ● the solid components are left behind to re-crystallize Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Separation of Homogeneous Mixtures Evaporation

21. A boiling technique used for separating and collecting all components of an aqueous solution. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #5 Separation of Homogeneous Mixtures In A simple distillation apparatus ● a mixture is heated ● the liquid is evaporated, the vapor is condensed and collected ● the solid components are left behind to re-crystallize Distillation

22. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Separation of Homogeneous Mixtures distillation column Distillation In a crude oil (fractional) distillation system ● crude oil (a mixture of hydrocarbons) is heated ● fuels boil out of the mixture as their boiling point is reached ● fuels are collected in the column in order from lowest to highest boiling point

23. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures a process of separating mixtures in other to purify, identify, analyze and/or quantify the components Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Chromatography Separation of Homogeneous Mixtures In Paper Chromatography ● a spot is made on a chromatography (filter) paper with pigment or ink mixture ● the bottom tip of the paper is place in a solvent (water, alcohol..etc) ● the solvent travels up the filter paper and dissolves the mixture ● components of the mixture are carried upward by the solvent ● components separated as colored blots at different places on the paper

24. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures Lesson 1. Classification of Matter Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Separation of Homogeneous Mixtures Chromatography In Gas Chromatography ● a small sample of a gas mixture is injected into a GC machine ● the sample travels through a series of columns ● substances of the mixture are carried through the columns at different speeds ● data machine collects and records information on the different substances End of Lesson 1

25. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Introduction Solid Liquid Gas Phase Changes of Matter Phase Changes and Energy Thermometer Phase Change Diagrams Heating Curve Cooling Curve Phase Changes and Temperature Temperature – kinetic Energy relationship Summary Diagram of Phase Changes and Energy Formula and Diagram Representations of Phases Units of Temperature and Conversions Important Temperature Points Practice Problems Temperature Unit Conversion Printable for Students Index of Concepts Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com PoPuP Quiz Index of Concepts A Tale of Two Phases Click here to learn more about properties of these phases Properties of each allow the polar bears to perform different activities.

26. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter There are three major phases of matter: Introduction Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Solid Liquid Gas Introduction Inquiry

27. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter a phase of matter with definite volume and definite shape The Three Phases Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com The Three Phases of Matter Solid In the solid phase: ● particles are orderly arranged in a regular geometric pattern ● particles vibrate around fixed points ● particles have strong attractive forces to one another ● particles cannot be easily compressed (incompressible)

28. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter A phas e of matter with definite volume but no definite shape The Three Phases Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com The Three Phases of Matter Liquid In the liquid phase: ● a substance takes the shape of its container ● particles flow over each other ● particles cannot be easily compressed (incompressible)

29. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter A phase of matter with no definite volume and no definite shape The Three Phases Iodine gas I 2 (g) Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Gas The Three Phases of Matter In the gas phase: ● a substance takes the volume and shape of its container ● particles have no set arrangement (random) ● particles move fast and freely ● particles have very weak attractive forces to each other ● particles can be easily compressed (compressible)

30. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Substance XY is represented in the three phases Formulas XY( s ) XY( l ) XY( g ) Diagrams restore diagram animated diagram Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Solid Liquid Gas Formula and Diagram Representations of Phases

31. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Given the right conditions of temperature and/or pressure, a substance can change from one phase to another. Phase Changes of Matter Melting (fusion) is a change from solid to liquid. H 2 O (s) ------> H 2 O (l) Freezing is a change from liquid to solid H 2 O (l) -----> H 2 O (s) Evaporation is a change from liquid to gas C 2 H 5 OH (l) -----> C 2 H 5 OH (g) Condensation is a change from gas to liquid C 2 H 5 OH (g) -----> C 2 HOH (l) Deposition is a change from gas to solid CO 2 (g) -----> CO 2 (s) Sublimation is a change from solid to gas CO 2 (s) -----> CO 2 (g) Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #6- 7 Phase Changes of Matter

32. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter A substance changes phase when it has absorbed or released enough energy to rearrange its particles. Endothermi c describes a process that absorbs heat (thermal) energy. melting, evaporation, and sublimation are endothermic phase changes Exothermic describes a process that releases heat (thermal) energy. freezing, condensation, and deposition are exothermic phase changes Phase Changes and Energy Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Phase Changes and Energy

33. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Summary Diagram of Phase Changes and Energy Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #8 Phase Changes and Energy Diagram

34. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Summary Diagram of Phase Changes and Energy Alternate diagram Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Phase Changes and Energy Diagram

35. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Phase Changes and Temperature ● a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in matter ● energy due to motions of particles in matter ● as average kinetic energy increases, so does the temperature 30 o C 35 o C Slower moving particles Faster moving particles Lower kinetic energy Higher kinetic Energy Lower temperature Higher temperature Kinetic Energy Temperature Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #9 Show Diagrams Phase Changes and Temperature Temperature Kinetic Energy

36. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Phase Changes and Temperature A piece of equipment used for measuring temperature Practice Problem Set A Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com K = o C + 273 9 °F = °C x ----   + 32 5 5 K = ( °F + 459.67 ) x --- 9 Phase Changes and Temperature Thermometer Units of Temperature and Conversions Kelvin (K) , degree Celsius ( o C ), and degree Fahrenheit ( o F ) are the three most common units for measuring temperature. Show Notes

37. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Important Temperature Points the temperature at which all molecular movements stop Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #10 Important Temperature Points Absolute Zero

38. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Phase Change Diagrams Phase change diagram A diagram showing the relationship between temperature and phase changes of a substance over time. Heating Curve A diagram showing changes of a substance starting with the substance as a solid. Cooling Curve A diagram showing changes of a substance starting with the substance as a gas. Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Phase Change Diagrams

39. l iquid s olid gas s olid-liquid liquid-gas 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 TIME (minutes) 150 - 100 - ------------------------------------------------------------- 0 - ---------------------- -5 Boiling Melting A C B E D F Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Phase Change Diagrams Boiling Point (BP) Melting Point (MP) Temperature ( o C) Heating Curve Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Phase Change Diagrams Inquiry

40. ● One phase is present ● Temperature increases ● Kinetic energy increases ● Potential energy remains constant l iquid s olid gas s olid-liquid liquid-gas 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 TIME (minutes) Boiling Melting A C B E D F Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Boiling Point (BP) Melting Point (MP) Temperature ( o C) During Segments AB, CD and EF During Segments BC and DE Heating Curve Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME 150 - 100 - ------------------------------------------------------------- 0 - ---------------------- -5 © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Segments ● Two phases are present ● Temperature remains constant ● Kinetic energy remains constant ● Potential energy increases

41. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Cooling Curve 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20 21 22 23 24 25 TIME (minutes) 1 2 0 - 80 - ----------- 20 - ----------------------------------------------------------------- 12 g as g as - liquid condensation l iquid liquid-solid solid BP Freezing point C B E D A F freezing Phase Change Diagrams Temperature ( o C) Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Quick-Quiz #11 Phase Change Diagrams

42. ● Two phases are present ● Temperature remains constant ● Kinetic energy remains constant ● Potential energy decreases Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Cooling Curve 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20 21 22 23 24 25 TIME (minutes) 1 2 0 - 80 - ----------- 20 - ----------------------------------------------------------------- 12 g as g as - liquid condensation l iquid liquid-solid solid BP Freezing point C B E D A F freezing During segments AB, CD and EF During segments BC and DE Temperature ( o C) Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com End of Lesson 2 ● One phase is present ● Temperature decreases ● Kinetic energy decreases ● Potential energy remains constant Segments

43. Lesson 3. Heat and Heat Calculations Introduction Heat Thermal energy Thermodynamics Endothermic Direction of heat flow Specific heat capacity Heat Constants Heat Equations Units of Heat and Conversions Exothermic Heat of fusion Heat of vaporization Practice Problems Units of heat conversion Heat calculations Thanks for Previewing: Notes for these lesson are not available for free. Please purchase the complete Topic 1 notes Index of Concepts Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com PoPuP Quiz Index of Concepts NO!! It’s not about these Heats or calculations of their dominant stats. Click here to start learning all the exciting chemistry-related heat concepts in this lesson.

44. Lesson 3. Heat and Heat Calculations Introduction All physical and chemical processes involve heat. Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Heat A form of energy than flows from one object to another. Thermal energy Another way of describing heat energy. Thermodynamics The study of changes in heat energy during physical and chemical processes. Exothermic A process that releases heat Endothermic A process that absorbs heat Show Notes Inquiry

45. Lesson 4. Gas Characteristics and Gas Laws Introduction Pressure Volume Temperature Kinetic Molecular Theory of Ideal Gas Ideal gas Partial Pressure Laws Boyle’s Law Charles’ Law Gay-Lussac’s Law Deviation from Ideal Gas Avogadro’s Law Real gases STP: Standard Temperature and Pressure Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure Partial Pressure when a Gas is Collected over Water Practice Problems Units of Pressure Conversions Partial Pressure from Mole Fractions Combined Gas Law Units of Volume Conversions Partial Pressure Calculations Gas Law Calculations Index of Concepts Thanks for Previewing: Notes for these lesson are not available for free. Please purchase the complete Topic 1 notes Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com PoPuP Quiz Index of Concepts Click here to learn all about it Up Up and Away!! Gases have very unique and exciting properties. HEY SQUIDWARD, AM FLYING!

46. Lesson 4. Gas Characteristics and Gas Laws Introduction Three factors influence confined gas behavior: Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Introduction Pressure The relationships between these factors are the basis for gas laws, theories, and calculations. Volume (space of container) Temperature Show Notes Inquiry

47. Lesson 5. Physical and Chemical Properties Introduction Properties Physical Properties Physical changes Chemical Properties Chemical Changes Diagram Representations of Changes Thanks for Previewing: Notes for these lesson are not available for free. Please purchase the complete Topic 1 notes Next Concept Previous Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Index of Concepts Index of Concepts I am flammable! Click here to learn about characteristics of chemical substances The Battle of Powers Every superhero and villain has a set of characteristics that defines them. I am strong!

48. Lesson 5. Physical and Chemical Properties Introduction Properties are characteristics of matter. The two types of properties are: 1 2 4 3 5 HOME Next Concept Previous Concept © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Introduction Physical properties Chemical properties Show notes

49. Practice Problems 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Next Concept Previous Concept © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Clicking this button on a slide will take you to a practice problem set related to that concept. You can use questions in the set to show your students how to setup and solve math related problems, as well as problems that involve writing equations, formulas, and drawing diagrams. Solutions to all practice problems are worked out so they are easy for students to follow. The next three slides list all the practice problems in this topic. The zip file (available with purchase) includes a printable Microsoft Word document of all the practice problems. If you so choose, you can print and hand it out to your students so they won’t waste time writing down the questions. Hundreds more organized and engaging practice questions for this topic are available in the corresponding topic of my Workbook and Guided Study Book. Available in my stores on both TpT and Teachers Notebook. Guided Reading & Questions TpT Store Worksheet Topic Bundle Guided Reading & Questions Teachers Notebook Topic Bundle Multiple choices Worksheet Multiple choices Practice Problems Practice Problem Set NOTE: In this Free Preview, only Quick-Quiz questions for Lesson 1 and 2 are available. Practice Questions for Lesson 3 – 5 are available with Purchase of the complete Topic 1 notes

50. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Practice Problem Set A: Units of Temperature Conversions 1. What is 150 K in Celsius? 2. What is 80 o C in Fahrenheit? 3. What is 50 o F in Kelvin? Solutions & Answers K = o C + 273 o C = K - 273 o C = 150 - 273 = - 123 o C 9 °F = °C x ----   + 32 5 9 °F = 80 x ---- + 32 = 176 °F 5 5 K = ( °F + 459.67 ) x ---- 9 5 K = ( 50 + 459.67) x ---- = 283.15 K 9 Next Problems Back to Notes 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Show #1 Show #2 Hide #1 Hide #2 Show #3 Hide #3 Previous Problems

51. Clicking button will take you to a quick-quiz question slide. These are questions you can give your students to test their understanding of the concept you have taught them. You can ask students these questions as you go through the notes, or after you have finished a lesson. The choice is yours. Use the button on each quiz question slide to return to the note slide relating to the question. The next three slides list all the quick-quiz questions in this topic. The zip file (available with purchase) includes a printable Microsoft Word document of all the quiz questions. If you so choose, you can print and hand it out to your students so they won’t have to waste time writing down the questions Back Go to Question List 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Back to Concept Quick-Quiz NOTE: In this Free Preview, only the the Quick-Quiz questions for Lesson 1 and 2 are available. Quick-Quiz Questions for Lesson 3 – 5 are available with Purchase of the complete Topic 1 notes

52. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter 1. What are the three subatomic particles found in atoms of all elements? Protons, electrons and neutrons Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Elements on

53. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter 2. State one difference between a compound and an element a compound can be broken down an element cannot be broken down a compound is composed of two or more different atoms an element is composed of one type of atom Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Types of Matter on

54. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter 3. Your teacher stopped at the water fountain before getting to class, and gulped down 53 grams of water. Assuming your school water is pure: How many grams of hydrogen did he take in? How many grams of oxygen did he take in? 5.83 grams H 47.17 grams O Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Law of Definite Composition on

55. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter 4. Explain, in terms of composition, why a pepperoni pizza is a heterogeneous mixture. Equal slices of the same pizza will not have exactly the same amounts of the ingredients. Components of the pizza can be easily seen and identified Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Types of Matter on

56. Lesson 1. Classification of Matter 5. A distillation apparatus shown below was setup to recover sea salt from a sample of seawater. Identify the equipment (by name) in which salt crystals would be found at the completion of the distillation process. Distilling flask Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Separation of Matter on

57. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter Answer Back to Phase Changes Next Question 6. What is the common name for solid carbon dioxide, CO 2 (s) Dry ice What is solid carbon dioxide, CO 2 (s) , commonly used for during natural disasters and power outages? 7. To keep food items cold and from spoiling during power outages 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question In terms of energy, explain why you would get seriously burn if you place your hand over steam (of boiling water). 8. Steam will release energy as it condenses on your hand. Since steam packs a lot of energy, all that energy is released on your hand. It is the energy that is released by steam that will burn you. Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Phase Changes on Back to Phase & Energy

58. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter 9. Arrange the three metals below in order from lowest kinetic energy to highest kinetic energy. Platinum gold copper 75 o F 25 o C 296 K copper platinum gold Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Temperature on

59. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter 10. If you were given a blank thermometer as shown below, describe how you would create an accurate Kelvin thermometer. Establish two reference points on the thermometer using the freezing and boiling points of water ( 273K and 373K ). Divide the space between the two numbers evenly Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME 373 K 353 K 333 K 310 K 293 K 273 K -- - - - - - - - Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Temperature on

60. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter 11. Given the phase change diagram below: Is the substance represented by the diagram water? Explain your answer using information from the diagram. No. The freezing point (60 o C) and boiling point (120 o C) are different from those of water (0 o C and 100 o C respectively) Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Phase Change Diagrams on

61. Lesson 3. Heat and Heat Calculations 12. In terms of heat, explain why you get cold when you are outside on a cold winter day. Assuming you do not have on appropriate winter clothing. Your body temperature is higher than the temperature outside on a cold winter day. Heat will move from your body to the colder outside surrounding, and your body temperature will drop. Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question on Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Heat on

62. Lesson 4. Gases 13. Given these four gases: Cl 2 (chlorine), CO (carbon monoxide), NH 3 (ammonia) , and HCl (hydrogen chloride) Arrange them in the order of increasing deviation from an ideal gas behavior. NH 3 CO HCl Cl 2 lightest (17 g/mol) 28 g/mol 36g/mol heaviest (70 g/mol) (deviates least) increasing deviation from ideal gas behavior (deviates most) Answer Back to Concept Next Question 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Previous Question Quick-Quiz: Students Get Tested Kinetic Molecular Theory on

63. Next Concept Back to Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME

64. Back To Practice Problem Back to Concept 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Reference Table H: Vapor Pressure of Four Liquids Next Concept

65. Back 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Important Information Thanks for previewing or purchasing my product. Your interest in my products is greatly appreciated. If you come across any issues that you would like to bring to my attention, please do so through the contact page of the site you are on, or email me at [email protected] . I will edit the information , contact you, and you’ll be able to re-download the revised note for free. I thank you in advance . Effie HOME

66. These are questions you can ask your students to see what they know about the concept you are about to teach them. You will typically click on the button before clicking on button. Once done with the inquiry question, you can click on to bring you back to the note slide where you can present the notes to your students. The next seven slides show all the inquiry questions in this topic. Back Go to Question List 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME Back To ….. Inquiry: Students Think First Inquiry Show Notes NOTE: In this Free Preview, only the Inquiry questions for Lesson 1 and 2 are available. Inquiry Questions for Lesson 3 – 5 are available with Purchase of the complete Topic 1 notes

67. Lesson 1. Classifications of Matter © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Next Inquiry Question Back To Elements What are the three types of elements? Inquiry: Students Think First Elements Answer Metals Nonmetals Metalloids 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME about

68. Lesson 1. Classifications of Matter © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Next Inquiry Question Back To Compounds Water and sugar are typical household compounds. What other substances in your house would you classify as compounds? Inquiry: Students Think First Compounds Answer Salt Vinegar Ammonia Baking Soda 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME about

69. Lesson 1. Classifications of Matter © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Next Inquiry Question Back To Separation Each mixture below is composed of two different substances. State and describe one effective method that can be used to separate the substances in each mixture. Inquiry: Students Think First Mixtures Answer Heat the solution to evaporate the water 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME about Sugar water Salt and iron fillings Use a magnet to attract and remove iron filings

70. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Next Inquiry Question Back To Phases of Matter The fourth phase of matter is not often taught in most High school classes. State and describe the fourth phase of matter that a substance can enter into? Inquiry: Students Think First Phases of Matter Answer Plasma Sometimes called “ionized gas” because it a form of matter resulting from electrons being stripped away from atoms of a substance under extreme high temperature and pressure. Plasma, which looks like a gas or fluid cloud, responses strongly to electromagnetism. 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME about Show Picture If you’ve seen or touch one of these, then you’ve seen plasma

71. Lesson 2. Phases of Matter © 2013 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved E3hemistry.com SurvivingChem.com Next Inquiry Question Back To Phase Change Diagram If the is reverse, what process will occur during these two segments: Segment ED: Segment CB: Inquiry: Students Think First Phases Change Diagrams Answer 1 2 4 3 5 Lessons HOME about heating curve diagram (click to see) Condensation Freezing