mayank bio.pptx best for class10 on life process

best for class 10

1. Life Process Name-Mayank Class-10 Roll No.-19

2. Topic to be covered Nutrition in plant Nutrition in animal Transportation in plants Circulation of substance Excretion in human

3. Nutrition in plant It is the study of the chemical elements and compounds that are necessary for plant growth, and also of their external supply and internal metabolism. In 1972, E. Epstein defined two criteria for an element to be essential for plant growth: in its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle; or that the element is part of some essential plant constituent or metabolite.

4. Photosynthesis It is the process by which plants prepare food by using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. The food prepared is carbohydrate which is stored in the form of starch. Oxygen is released during this Process. EQUATION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS Sunlight 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O ------------ > C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6H20 + 60 2 Chlorophyll

5. PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS Photosynthesis mainly takes place in three steps: Absorption of Light Energy By Chlorophyll. Conversion of Light energy into Chemical energy and splitting up of water molecules into Hydrogen and Oxygen. Reduction of Carbon Dioxide by Hydrogen to form Carbohydrates.

6. Animal nutrition Animal nutrition:- The mode of taking food by an organism and its utilization in the body is called nutrition. Animals get their food directly or indirectly from plants. Animal nutrition:- includes the nutrient requirement, mode of taking food, and its utilization in the body. Digestion:-The process by which complex food substances are broken down into simpler substances is called digestion.

7. Different ways of taking food:- Name of animal Kind of food Mode of feeding Snail Grass Chewing Ant Insects Scrapping Eagle Flesh Swallowing Humming bird Nectar Sucking Mosquito Blood Sucking Butterfly Nectar Sucking Housefly Decaying matter Brewing

8. NUTRITION IN AMOEBA

9. NUTRITION IN HUMAN BEINGS Nutrition in human beings take place in the digestive system. It consists of the alimentary canal and glands which produce enzymes which breaks down food into smaller molecules. The main organs of the digestive system are mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus. The main glands are salivary glands, gastric glands, liver, pancreas and intestinal glands.

10. Transportation in plant There are two vessels:- Xylem vessels Pholem vessels

11. Xylem vessels Are long, hollow, continuous tubes that carry water and dissolved minerals from the root up to all parts of the plant. Contain a tough substance called lignin that lines the walls to provide support.

12. PHOLEM VESSELS Phloem tubes are living cells with end tubes with pores (sieve plate). All cell contents have disappeared except the cytoplasm The phloem cells have companion cells near them. Phloem cells transport sucrose and amino acids from where they are made to where they are used or stored.

13. Circulation system The circulation of substances in the human body is a crucial life process that involves the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body via the circulatory system. This system, consisting of the heart, blood, and blood vessels, plays a vital role in maintaining the health and functionality of the body.  Key Components of the Circulatory System: Heart Blood Blood Vessels

14. Heart:- The heart is a muscular organ that acts as a pump, driving the circulation of blood throughout the body. It has four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) that work together to efficiently pump blood Blood:- Blood is a fluid connective tissue that transports various substances throughout the body. It contains red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and plasma. Blood vessels:- These are a network of tubes that carry blood throughout the body, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins carry blood back to the heart, and capillaries are responsible for the exchange of substances between blood and tissues. 

15. Functions of the Circulatory System Transport of Oxygen and Nutrients: The circulatory system delivers oxygen from the lungs and nutrients absorbed from the digestive system to all cells and tissues in the body. Removal of Waste Products: The system also transports carbon dioxide (a waste product of cellular respiration) and other metabolic waste products from the cells to organs like the kidneys and lungs for removal.

16. Hormone Transport: Hormones produced by endocrine glands are also transported throughout the body by the circulatory system to reach their target organs. Immune Function: The circulatory system plays a role in the immune system by transporting white blood cells to fight infections and pathogens. Temperature Regulation: The circulatory system helps regulate body temperature by transporting heat throughout the body and facilitating its release. 

17. EXCRETION In the mouth: The food is broken into smaller particles by the teeth and mixed with saliva from the salivary glands. Saliva contains the enzymes salivary amylase which converts starch into sugar. Then the food passes through the oesophagus . In the stomach: The gastric glands produce gastric juice which contains the enzyme pepsin Hcl and mucous. Pepsin breaks down proteins. Hcl makes the medium acidic and helps in the action of pepsin. Mucous protects the wall of the stomach from the action of the acid. Then the food passes into the small intestine.

18. In the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum): The food is mixed with bile from liver and pancreatic juice from the pancreas. Bile breaks down fats into globules. Pancreatic juice the enzymes trypsin and lipase. Trypsin breaks down proteins and lapse breaks down fats. In the small intestine : The glands the walls of the small intestine produces intestinal juice. The enzymes of the intestinal juice converts carbohydrates into. glucose fats into fatty acids, and glycerol and proteins into amino acids. The walls of the small intestine has several finger like projections called villi having blood vessels. The digested food is absorbed by the blood and the undigested food passes to the large intestine. In the large intestine: Water is absorbed and the waste materials is removed through the anus.

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