MCQs on Biotechnology.pdf

Biotechnology is defined as the broad area of biology which uses both the technology and the application of living organisms and their components to develop, modify and produce useful products for human welfare. The term ‘Biotechnology’ was coined in the year 1919 by an agricultural engineer Karoly Ereky, hence he is called as the father of Biotechnology.

Principles of Biotechnology
According to modern Biotechnology, the main principles of Biotechnology are:

Genetic engineering, which is used to modify the DNA of the target organism, thereby changing the phenotype of the organism.
Bioprocess engineering, which is the maintenance of sterile conditions to support the growth of large quantities of desired microbes and other eukaryotic cells which are used for the production of new or modified biotechnological products such as antibiotics, enzymes, vaccines, etc.
The techniques of genetic engineering mainly include:

DNA fragment is isolated from the donor organism.
It is inserted into the vector DNA.
It is transferred into an appropriate host.
Cloning of the recombinant DNA in the host organism.

1. MCQs On BIOTECHNOLOGY
Author: Dr. R. N. Chavhan, Department of Zoology, RMG College Nagbhid
Question 1.What was the world’s first ever mammal to be successfully cloned from an adult
cell?
(a) Sheep
(b) Monkey
(c) Cow
(d) Calf
Answer: (a) Sheep
Question 2.The two vitamins manufactured biotechnologically are
(a) Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B6
(b) Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B2
(c) Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B2
(d) Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B9
Answer: (b) Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B2
Question 3.Kohler and Milstein developed biotechnology for production of
(a) Modern vaccines
(b) Immobilised enzymes
(c) Monoclonal antibodies
(d) Myelomas
Answer: (c) Monoclonal antibodies
Question 4.The discovery that led to the development of first antibiotic was made by
(a) Jenner
(b) Pasteur
(c) Fleming
(d) Waksman
Answer: (c) Fleming
Question 5.Genetically engineered bacteria have been used in commercial production of
(a) Thyroxine
(b) Testosterone
(c) Human insulin
(d) Melatonium
Answer: (c) Human insulin
Question 6.Hepatitis B vaccine is
(a) First generation vaccine
(b) Second generation vaccine
(c) Third generation vaccine
(d) Interferon
Answer: (b) Second generation vaccine
Question 7.Biological control of agricultural pests, unlike chemical control is
(a) toxic
(b) self perpetuation
(c) polluting
(d) very expensive
Answer: (b) Self perpetuation
Question 8.Transgenic crops developed to tolerate herbicides are
(a) Tomato and rice
(b) Rice and wheat
(c) Maize and sugarcane
(d) Tomato and Tobacco

2. Answer: (d) Tomato and Tobacco
Question 9.Confusion technique is used in
(a) Reducing harmful insects
(b) Eliminating weeds
(c) Increasing population of predators
(d) Developing herbicides
Answer: (a) Reducing harmful insects
Question 10.The first bioherbicide was obtained from
(a) Peninciilium
(b) Phytophthora palmivora
(c) Phythophthora infestons
(d) Bacillus thuringiensis
Answer: (b) Phytophthora palmivora
Question 11.Humulin is the term used for
(a) A powerful antibiotic
(b) A new digestive enzyme
(c) New Research integrated to human welfare
(d) Human insulin
Answer: (d) Human insulin
Question 12.Number of known enzymes is
(a) 1200
(b) 2200
(c) About 5000
(d) Around 500
Answer: (b) 2200
Question 13.Antigens are present
(a) Inside nucleus
(b) Inside cytoplasm
(c) On cell surface
(d) Inside lysosomes
Answer: (c) On cell surface
Question 14.Number of antibiotics isolated till now is
(a) Around 700
(b) Over 7000
(c) About 1700
(d) Around 70
Answer: (b) Over 7000
Question 15.The first transgenic crop was
(a) Pea
(b) Flax
(c) Tobacco
(d) Cotton
Answer: (c) Tobacco
Question 16.On what Indian bioresource did Vandana Shiva’s efforts get the patent
cancelled?
(a) Healing principle of turmeric
(b) Anti-diabetes property of Karela
(c) Insecticides from Neem
(d) Laxative property of animals
Answer: (c) Insecticides from Neem

3. Fill in the Blanks
Question 1.……………….. is a polypeptide with 51 amino acids arranged in two chains.
Answer: Insulin
Question 2.
Genetically produced human insulin is named ………………..
Answer: humulin
Question 3.
Substances with core structure made up of one 5 carbon and three 6-carbon-carbon rings are
………………..
Answer: steroids
Question 4.Biopiracy is conducted by countries of ………………..
Answer: north
Question 5.Government’s efforts to curb biopiracy are ………………..
Answer: nadequate
Question 6. A ……………….. is a piece of single stranded DNA which is tagged with a
radio active molecule.
Answer: probe
Question 7.U.S ……………….. does not recognize technologies and methods used in other
countries as ‘prior art’.
Answer: patent law
Question 8.……………….. grants farmers the right to save, use, sow and sell his farm
products.
Answer: Farmer’s Right Act
Question 9. GMO stands for ………………..
Answer: genetically modified organism
Question 10.Bacillus thuringienses is produced a ……………….. which kills insects.
Answer: toxin

Write True or False
Question 1. B. thuringienses bacterium which produces toxins are harmful for the bacteria.
Answer: False
Question 2.In Bt cotton the gene responsible to make insect resistance is Cry.
Answer: True
Question 3.Insulin for curing diabetes should only come from animals.
Answer: False
Question 4.Insulin has three peptide chain in prohorme stage.
Answer: True
Question 5. ADA deficiency can .lead to severe combined immunodeficiency.
Answer: True
Question 6. Polymerase chain reaction helps to find criminals by detecting semen, tissue cells
etc.
Answer: True
Question 7.Biopatents cannot be given for genetically modified microbes.
Answer: False
Question 8.Biopiracy is the legal use of bioresources.
Answer: False
Question 9.India holds the patent for neem.
Answer: True
Question 10.Farmers are not entitled to sell branded seeds.
Answer: True

4. One Word Questions
Question 1.Name the nematode affecting tobacco plant roots.
Answer: Meloidogyne incognita.
Question 2.Write the name of toxic protein secreted by Bacillus thuringiensis.
Answer: Cry protein
Question 3.Name the company which started selling human insulin in 1983.
Answer: Eli Lilly.
Question 4.In insulin molecule which bond joins chain A and chain B together?
Answer: Disulphide bond.
Question 5.Which method of genetic engineering can correct a defective gene during prenatal
or early childhood?
Answer: Gene therapy.
Question 6.Name the seeds produced by genetic engineering that develop into fertile plants
which produce non germinable seeds.
Answer: Terminator seeds.
Question 7.Name the world’s first genetically modified non-human primate.
Answer: A monkey named ANDI.
Question 8.Who discovered insulin and from where?
Answer: Sir Edward Sharpy-Shafer (1916) from islets of Langerhans.
Question 9. The protective inoculation of dead or attenuated pathogen or its antigens is
termed as :
Answer: Vaccination.
Question 10.Who helped to get patent for insecticidal properties of neem?
Answer: Vandana Shiva.

Match the Following

Column I Column II
1. Polymerase chain reaction D. Kary Mullis
2. Eli Lilly C. Humulin
3. Insulin E. Islets of Langerhens
4. Cholesterol A. Steroid
5. IPM B. Biological control
Column I Column II
1. Polymerase chain reaction A. Steroid
2. Eli Lilly B. Biological control
3. Insulin C. Humulin
4. Cholesterol D. Kary Mullis

5. 5. IPM E. Islets of Langerhens